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Additionally, there is a subset of patients with TSC with bilateral, multifocal, or generalized epileptiform discharges that would have previously been excluded from resection. New developments in neuroimaging and invasive monitoring with intracranial electrodes are useful methods in identifying an epileptogenic tuber in these individuals with refractory epilepsy. The authors offer a survey of the literature and description of these methods. Additionally they present an illustrative case of ictal SPECT and intracranial electroencephalography used in the preoperative evaluation of a 10-year-old girl with intractable seizures and TSC. This patient ultimately underwent resection of an epileptogenic region within the occipital lobe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.1.focus11330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T09:50:15Z","timestamp":1330595415000},"page":"E5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis: a review"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Linton T.","family":"Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Morse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery,"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0320005","series-title":"Pediatr Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.05.001","article-title":"SISCOM in children with tuberous sclerosis complex-related epilepsy","volume":"45","author":"Aboian","year":"2011"},{"key":"b2-0320005","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.10.1976","article-title":"Multimodality imaging for improved detection of epileptogenic foci in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"54","author":"Asano","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3-0320005","series-title":"Epilepsia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.05205.x","article-title":"Origin and propagation of epileptic spasms delineated on electrocorticography","volume":"46","author":"Asano","year":"2005"},{"key":"b4-0320005","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.87.3.0391","article-title":"Surgical management and seizure outcome in patients with tuberous sclerosis","volume":"87","author":"Avellino","year":"1997"},{"key":"b5-0320005","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1159\/000121276","article-title":"On the surgical treatment of refractory epilepsy in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"27","author":"Baumgartner","year":"1997"},{"key":"b6-0320005","series-title":"Epilepsia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00442.x","article-title":"Surgical treatment for epilepsy in cerebral tuberous sclerosis","volume":"34","author":"Bebin","year":"1993"},{"key":"b7-0320005","series-title":"Aust Paediatr J","first-page":"243","article-title":"Selective epilepsy surgery in tuberous sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Bye","year":"1989"},{"key":"b8-0320005","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.1.PEDS10348","article-title":"Bilateral invasive electroencephalography in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: a path to surgery? 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