{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T13:32:05Z","timestamp":1783776725671,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can lead to distortion or reorganization of functional brain anatomy, making localization of eloquent white matter tracts challenging. To improve the accuracy of corticospinal tract (CST) mapping, recent studies have examined the use of functional imaging techniques to help localize cortical motor activations and use these as seed points to reconstruct CSTs using diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI). The authors examined the role of pretreatment functionally guided DTI CST mapping in 3 children with ruptured AVMs. In 2 patients, magnetoencephalography motor activations were adjacent to the nidus and\/or hemorrhagic cavity. However, in 1 child, functional MRI motor activations were detected in both hemispheres, suggestive of partial transfer of cortical motor function. In all children, quantitative analysis showed that fractional anisotropy values and fiber density indices were reduced in the CSTs of the hemisphere harboring the AVM compared with the unaffected side. In 2 children, CST caliber was slightly diminished, corresponding to no motor deficit in 1 patient and a temporary motor deficit in the other. In contrast, 1 child demonstrated marked reduction and displacement of the CSTs, correlating with severe motor deficit. Preoperative motor tractography data were loaded onto the intraoperative neuronavigation platform to guide complete resection of the AVM in 2 cases without permanent neurological deficits. These preliminary results confirm the feasibility of CST mapping in children with ruptured AVMs using functionally guided DTI tractography. Prospective studies are needed to assess the full value of this technique in the risk stratification, prognosis, and multimodality management of pediatric AVMs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.1.peds11363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,30]],"date-time":"2012-04-30T15:27:39Z","timestamp":1335799659000},"page":"505-510","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Corticospinal tract mapping in children with ruptured arteriovenous malformations using functionally guided diffusion-tensor imaging"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Ellis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"Rutka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhaya V.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter B.","family":"Dirks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elysa","family":"Widjaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0090505","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1423","article-title":"Plasticity of the human motor cortex in patients with arteriovenous malformations: a functional MR imaging study","volume":"21","author":"Alkadhi","year":"2000"},{"key":"b2-0090505","series-title":"NMR Biomed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1940080707","article-title":"Inferring microstructural features and the physiological state of tissues from diffusion-weighted images","volume":"8","author":"Basser","year":"1995"},{"key":"b3-0090505","series-title":"Neurosci Lett","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.08.049","article-title":"Motor outcome according to the integrity of the corticospinal tract determined by diffusion tensor tractography in the early stage of corona radiata infarct","volume":"426","author":"Cho","year":"2007"},{"key":"b4-0090505","series-title":"Neurosci Lett","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2007.04.052","article-title":"Motor outcome according to diffusion tensor tractography findings in the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"421","author":"Cho","year":"2007"},{"key":"b5-0090505","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318207a9a7","article-title":"Language and motor mapping during resection of brain arteriovenous malformations: indications, feasibility, and utility","volume":"68","author":"Gabarr\u00f3s","year":"2011"},{"key":"b6-0090505","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-010-1189-8","article-title":"Mapping of the cortical spinal tracts using magnetoencephalography and diffusion tensor tractography in pediatric brain tumor patients","volume":"26","author":"Gaetz","year":"2010"},{"key":"b7-0090505","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199705000-00011","article-title":"Magnetoencephalographic mapping: basic of a new functional risk profile in the selection of patients with cortical brain lesions","volume":"40","author":"Hund","year":"1997"},{"key":"b8-0090505","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.1.0058","article-title":"Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the early evaluation of corticospinal tract injury to predict functional motor outcome in patients with deep intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"92","author":"Karibe","year":"2000"},{"key":"b9-0090505","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-76589-0_4","article-title":"Introduction to tractography-guided navigation: using 3-tesla magnetic resonance tractography in surgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations","volume":"103","author":"Kikuta","year":"2008"},{"key":"b10-0090505","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-009-0539-2","article-title":"Impact of fMRI-guided advanced DTI fiber tracking techniques on their clinical applications in patients with brain tumors","volume":"52","author":"Kleiser","year":"2010"},{"key":"b11-0090505","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.6.1130","article-title":"Cerebral vascular malformations adjacent to sensorimotor and visual cortex. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies before and after therapeutic intervention","volume":"28","author":"Schlosser","year":"1997"},{"key":"b12-0090505","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2033","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of commissural and projection white matter in tuberous sclerosis complex and correlation with tuber load","volume":"31","author":"Simao","year":"2010"},{"key":"b13-0090505","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-010-1192-0","article-title":"Usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography in neurological and neurosurgical pediatric diseases","volume":"26","author":"Spalice","year":"2010"},{"key":"b14-0090505","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200209000-00005","article-title":"Magnetic source imaging demonstrates altered cortical distribution of function in patients with arteriovenous malformations","volume":"51","author":"Vates","year":"2002"},{"key":"b15-0090505","series-title":"Pediatr Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-006-0146-x","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of midline posterior fossa malformations","volume":"36","author":"Widjaja","year":"2006"},{"key":"b16-0090505","series-title":"Epilepsy Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2010.01.008","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging identifies changes in normal-appearing white matter within the epileptogenic zone in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"89","author":"Widjaja","year":"2010"},{"key":"b17-0090505","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2511081092","article-title":"Subcortical alterations in tissue microstructure adjacent to focal cortical dysplasia: detection at diffusion-tensor MR imaging by using magnetoencephalographic dipole cluster localization","volume":"251","author":"Widjaja","year":"2009"},{"key":"b18-0090505","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000303189.80049.ab","article-title":"Clinical evaluation and follow-up outcome of diffusion tensor imaging-based functional neuronavigation: a prospective, controlled study in patients with gliomas involving pyramidal tracts","volume":"61","author":"Wu","year":"2007"},{"key":"b19-0090505","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000311066.03121.B8","article-title":"Diffusion tensor tractography predicts motor functional outcome in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"62","author":"Yoshioka","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/9\/5\/article-p505.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/9\/5\/article-p505.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/9\/5\/article-p505.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T15:38:12Z","timestamp":1681573092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/9\/5\/article-p505.xml"}},"subtitle":["Report of 3 cases"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2012.1.peds11363","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}