{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:35:41Z","timestamp":1792290941392,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common astrocytic brain tumor and carries a dire prognosis. Despite current therapeutic options\u2014surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy\u2014survival varies from 11.3 to 14.6 months. A group of drugs known as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) has demonstrated a potentially beneficial role in cancer treatment, particularly in combination with other therapies. A drug that exhibits potential as an HDI is sodium valproate (VPA), which is frequently used to treat seizures in patients with cerebral neoplasms. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of VPA as an antitumor agent in the management of patients with GBM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A review was conducted in terms of how HDIs work, the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and the effects of AEDs on survival in a local cohort of patients diagnosed with GBM. The local cohort of patients was determined by reviewing the electronic histopathology and AED informatics systems. A meta-analysis of papers on the use of AEDs in GBM was also performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The local cohort consisted of 236 patients with GBM, 210 of whom had complete data available for analysis, a median age of 62 years, and 1-year survival of 26%. Patients treated with AEDs had a significantly longer survival than those who were not (Mantel-Cox log-rank test 19.617, p &lt; 0.001). Those treated with VPA had significantly longer survival than those who did not receive an AED (Mantel-Cox log-rank test 17.506, p &lt; 0.001), and patients treated with VPA had a significantly longer survival than those who had received other AEDs (Mantel-Cox log-rank test 5.303, p &lt; 0.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Authors of this study demonstrated evidence supporting the theory that VPA may benefit patients with GBM in terms of survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.10.jns12169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,23]],"date-time":"2012-11-23T15:11:31Z","timestamp":1353683491000},"page":"859-865","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Impact of particular antiepileptic drugs on the survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Greg D.","family":"Guthrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Eljamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns12169","series-title":"Life Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2005.01.003","article-title":"Carbamazepine is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases","volume":"76","author":"Beutler","year":"2005"},{"key":"b2-jns12169","series-title":"Primary Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2004\u20132008","author":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States","year":"2011"},{"key":"b3-jns12169","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3651","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.2323","article-title":"Phase II trial of tipifarnib in patients with recurrent malignant glioma either receiving or not receiving enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs: a North American Brain Tumor Consortium Study","volume":"24","author":"Cloughesy","year":"2006"},{"key":"b4-jns12169","series-title":"Epilepsia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.00104.x","article-title":"The activity of antiepileptic drugs as histone deacetylase inhibitors","volume":"45","author":"Eyal","year":"2004"},{"key":"b5-jns12169","series-title":"Lancet Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70384-4","article-title":"Nomograms for predicting survival of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: prognostic factor analysis of EORTC and NCIC trial 26981-22981\/CE.3","volume":"9","author":"Gorlia","year":"2008"},{"key":"b6-jns12169","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181bbfeca","article-title":"Correlation of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant use with outcome of patients with glioblastoma","volume":"73","author":"Jaeckle","year":"2009"},{"key":"b7-jns12169","series-title":"J Cell Biochem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22185","article-title":"Histone deacetylase inhibitors: Potential in cancer therapy","volume":"107","author":"Marks","year":"2009"},{"key":"b8-jns12169","series-title":"J Neurooncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012554328801","article-title":"Phase II study of thalidomide in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"54","author":"Marx","year":"2001"},{"key":"b9-jns12169","series-title":"Anticancer Res","first-page":"2437","article-title":"Influence of valproic acid on outcome of high-grade gliomas in children","volume":"28","author":"Masoudi","year":"2008"},{"key":"b10-jns12169","series-title":"J Neurooncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-004-2338-2","article-title":"P450 enzyme inducing and non-enzyme inducing antiepileptics in glioblastoma patients treated with standard chemotherapy","volume":"72","author":"Oberndorfer","year":"2005"},{"key":"b11-jns12169","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"76","article-title":"Prognostic significance of seizure in patients with glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"52","author":"Ozbek","year":"2004"},{"key":"b12-jns12169","series-title":"CNS Drugs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200216100-00004","article-title":"Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of valproate: a summary after 35 years of clinical experience","volume":"16","author":"Perucca","year":"2002"},{"key":"b13-jns12169","series-title":"Neurol Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-006-0708-6","article-title":"Tumour-associated epilepsy: clinical impact and the role of referring centres in a cohort of glioblastoma patients. 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