{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:30:40Z","timestamp":1787067040719,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"\n Object<\/jats:title>\n Glomus tumors are rare skull base neoplasms that frequently involve critical cerebrovascular structures and lower cranial nerves. Complete resection is often difficult and may increase cranial nerve deficits. Stereotactic radiosurgery has gained an increasing role in the management of glomus tumors. The authors of this study examine the outcomes after radiosurgery in a large, multicenter patient population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Under the auspices of the North American Gamma Knife Consortium, 8 Gamma Knife surgery centers that treat glomus tumors combined their outcome data retrospectively. One hundred thirty-four patient procedures were included in the study (134 procedures in 132 patients, with each procedure being analyzed separately). Prior resection was performed in 51 patients, and prior fractionated external beam radiotherapy was performed in 6 patients. The patients' median age at the time of radiosurgery was 59 years. Forty percent had pulsatile tinnitus at the time of radiosurgery. The median dose to the tumor margin was 15 Gy. The median duration of follow-up was 50.5 months (range 5\u2013220 months).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Overall tumor control was achieved in 93% of patients at last follow-up; actuarial tumor control was 88% at 5 years postradiosurgery. Absence of trigeminal nerve dysfunction at the time of radiosurgery (p = 0.001) and higher number of isocenters (p = 0.005) were statistically associated with tumor progression\u2013free tumor survival. Patients demonstrating new or progressive cranial nerve deficits were also likely to demonstrate tumor progression (p = 0.002). Pulsatile tinnitus improved in 49% of patients who reported it at presentation. New or progressive cranial nerve deficits were noted in 15% of patients; improvement in preexisting cranial nerve deficits was observed in 11% of patients. No patient died as a result of tumor progression.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Gamma Knife surgery was a well-tolerated management strategy that provided a high rate of long-term glomus tumor control. Symptomatic tinnitus improved in almost one-half of the patients. Overall neurological status and cranial nerve function were preserved or improved in the vast majority of patients after radiosurgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.4.jns11214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,8]],"date-time":"2012-06-08T10:06:00Z","timestamp":1339149960000},"page":"246-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Gamma Knife surgery for the management of glomus tumors: a multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-Oncology Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce E.","family":"Pollock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Kondziolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Duma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hoag Neurosciences Institute, Hoag Memorial Hospital, Newport Beach, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Byron","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony M.","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heyoung","family":"McBride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona Oncology Services Foundation; and"},{"name":"Sections of Radiation Oncology and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Weisskopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurotology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Kano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huai-che","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Dade","family":"Lunsford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns11214","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Complex tumors of the glomus jugulare: criteria, treatment, and outcome","volume":"97","author":"Al-Mefty","year":"2002"},{"key":"b2-jns11214","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"765","article-title":"A comprehensive study of tumors of the glomus jugulare","volume":"72","author":"Alford","year":"1962"},{"key":"b3-jns11214","series-title":"Neurol Sci","first-page":"479","article-title":"Paragangliomas of head and neck: a treatment option with CyberKnife radiosurgery","volume":"30","author":"Bianchi","year":"2009"},{"key":"b4-jns11214","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"1856","article-title":"Treatment of glomus jugulare tumors with gamma knife radiosurgery","volume":"120","author":"Chen","year":"2010"},{"key":"b5-jns11214","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl","first-page":"91","article-title":"The role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery in the management of glomus jugular tumours","volume":"84","author":"Eustacchio","year":"2002"},{"key":"b6-jns11214","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"299","article-title":"Jugular foramen tumors: clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Fayad","year":"2010"},{"key":"b7-jns11214","series-title":"J Neurooncol","first-page":"101","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for the treatment of glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"97","author":"Gen\u00e7","year":"2010"},{"key":"b8-jns11214","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"561","article-title":"Glomus jugulare tumors: the option of gamma knife radiosurgery","volume":"59","author":"Gerosa","year":"2006"},{"key":"b9-jns11214","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"917","article-title":"Surgical management of previously untreated glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"104","author":"Green","year":"1994"},{"key":"b10-jns11214","series-title":"J Otolaryngol","first-page":"391","article-title":"Neoplasms of the temporal bone","volume":"5","author":"Greer","year":"1976"},{"key":"b11-jns11214","series-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"351","article-title":"Long-term results of different treatment modalities in 37 patients with glomus jugulare tumors","volume":"256","author":"Gstoettner","year":"1999"},{"key":"b12-jns11214","series-title":"Strahlenther Onkol","first-page":"557","article-title":"Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy of glomus jugulare tumors. 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(A series of 21 cases)","volume":"89","author":"Thomsen","year":"1975"},{"key":"b37-jns11214","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"898","article-title":"Multisession cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery of large, benign cranial base tumors: preliminary study","volume":"65","author":"Tuniz","year":"2009"},{"key":"b38-jns11214","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1291","article-title":"Genomic imprinting in hereditary glomus tumours: evidence for new genetic theory","volume":"2","author":"van der Mey","year":"1989"},{"key":"b39-jns11214","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1030","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for glomus jugulare tumors: volumetric analysis in 17 patients","volume":"59","author":"Varma","year":"2006"},{"key":"b40-jns11214","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"66","article-title":"Glomus jugulare tumours: a review of 61 cases","volume":"130","author":"Watkins","year":"1994"},{"key":"b41-jns11214","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"343","article-title":"The surgical management of patients with glomus tumours of the skull base","volume":"10","author":"Whitfield","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/117\/2\/article-p246.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/117\/2\/article-p246.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/117\/2\/article-p246.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T19:20:32Z","timestamp":1679858432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/117\/2\/article-p246.xml"}},"subtitle":["Clinical article"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2012.4.jns11214","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}}}