{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:05:39Z","timestamp":1780131939980,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Within a few months of Wilhelm Conrad R\u00f6ntgen's discovery of x-rays in 1895, Fedor Krause acquired an x-ray apparatus and began to use it in his daily interactions with patients and for diagnosis. He was the first neurosurgeon to use x-rays methodically and systematically. In 1908 Krause published the first volume of text on neurosurgery,\n                    <jats:italic>Chirurgie des Gehirns und R\u00fcckenmarks<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Surgery of the Brain and Spinal Cord), which was translated into English in 1909. The second volume followed in 1911. This was the first published multivolume text totally devoted to neurosurgery. Although Krause excelled in and promoted neurosurgery, he believed that surgeons should excel at general surgery. Importantly, Krause was inclined to adopt technology that he believed could be helpful in surgery. His 1908 text was the first neurosurgical text to contain a specific chapter on x-rays (\u201cRadiographie\u201d) that showed roentgenograms of neurosurgical procedures and pathology. After the revolutionary discovery of x-rays by R\u00f6ntgen, many prominent neurosurgeons seemed pessimistic about the use of x-rays for anything more than trauma or fractures. Krause immediately seized on its use to guide and monitor ventricular drainage and especially for the diagnosis of tumors of the skull base. The x-ray images contained in Krause's \u201cRadiographie\u201d chapter provide a seminal view into the adoption of new technology and the development of neurosurgical technique and are part of neurosurgery's heritage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.6.focus12135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T09:10:27Z","timestamp":1343812227000},"page":"E4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Fedor Krause: the first systematic use of x-rays in neurosurgery"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Ali M.","family":"Elhadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Kalb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolay L.","family":"Martirosyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Preul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0330004","series-title":"American Practice of Surgery: A Complete System of the Science and Art of Surgery, by Representative Surgeons of the United States and Canada","first-page":"3","article-title":"Surgical affections and wounds of the head","volume":"5","author":"Archibald","year":"1908"},{"key":"b2-0330004","series-title":"Beam Line","first-page":"10","article-title":"Early history of x rays","volume":"25","author":"Assmus","year":"1995"},{"key":"b3-0330004","series-title":"Br J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-34-398-69","article-title":"History of neuroradiology\u2014The Presidential address, delivered at the British Institution of Radiology on October 20, 1960","volume":"34","author":"Bull","year":"1961"},{"key":"b4-0330004","series-title":"Zentralbl Neurochir","first-page":"36","article-title":"[Pioneers of neurosurgery: Emil Heymann (4\/15\/1878-1\/11\/1936).]","volume":"65","author":"Collmann","year":"2004"},{"key":"b5-0330004","series-title":"Surgery: Its Principles and Practice","first-page":"17","article-title":"Surgery of the head","volume":"3","author":"Cushing","year":"1908"},{"key":"b6-0330004","series-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther","first-page":"220","article-title":"Some historical data relating to the discovery of the roentgen rays","volume":"56","author":"Etter","year":"1946"},{"key":"b7-0330004","series-title":"Harvey Cushing\u2014A Biography","author":"Fulton","year":"1946"},{"key":"b8-0330004","series-title":"Wilhelm Conrad R\u00f6ntgen and the Early History of the Roentgen Rays","author":"Glasser","year":"1993"},{"key":"b9-0330004","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.3356","article-title":"Harvey W. 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