{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T20:59:03Z","timestamp":1784408343126,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors present a series of 4 patients with rare facial nerve tumors. The relevant literature is reviewed and is discussed regarding diagnostic features, the role of operative management, and surgical approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients with tumors of the facial nerve that were treated between 2008 and 2011. Patients undergoing observation with serial MRI and those who were treated with up-front radiosurgery and for whom tissue diagnosis was not available were excluded. In addition, patients with suspected vestibular schwannoma, facial nerve schwannoma, neurofibromatosis Type 2, and metastatic disease were also excluded. The charts of 4 patients (2 men and 2 women) with \u201catypical\u201d tumors were reviewed and analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 12 patients with tumors of the facial nerve were identified during the study period. Patient characteristics, preoperative imaging, operative approach, tumor histology, and outcomes are described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atypical facial nerve tumors must be distinguished from the more common facial nerve schwannoma. How the authors of this study treat rare facial nerve tumors is based on their experience with the more common facial nerve schwannomas, characterized by a slow progression of symptoms and growth. Less is known about the rare lesions, and thus a conservative approach may be warranted. Open questions include the role of radiosurgery, facial nerve decompression, and indications for resection of tumor and cable grafting for these rare lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.1.focus12380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T21:41:09Z","timestamp":1362174069000},"page":"E2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Atypical tumors of the facial nerve: case series and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doniel","family":"Drazin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Eboli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory P.","family":"Lekovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; and"},{"name":"House Clinic\/House Research Institute, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0340002","series-title":"Laryngoscope","article-title":"Facial nerve hemangioma: a rare case involving the vertical segment","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2012"},{"key":"b2-0340002","series-title":"Skull Base Surg","first-page":"59","article-title":"Hemangioma of the facial nerve: role of the geniculate capillary plexus","volume":"1","author":"Balkany","year":"1991"},{"key":"b3-0340002","series-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"101","article-title":"Primary fallopian canal glomus tumors","volume":"102","author":"Bartels","year":"1990"},{"key":"b4-0340002","series-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"108","article-title":"Facial nerve hemangiomas: vascular tumors or malformations?","volume":"142","author":"Benoit","year":"2010"},{"key":"b5-0340002","series-title":"Pediatr Radiol","first-page":"847","article-title":"Geniculate ganglion meningioma","volume":"27","author":"Chung","year":"1997"},{"key":"b6-0340002","series-title":"Acta Otalaryngol","article-title":"Meningioma of geniculate ganglion: case report and review of the literature","author":"Collin","year":"2012"},{"key":"b7-0340002","series-title":"J Laryngol Otol","first-page":"986","article-title":"Extracranial glomus faciale tumour","volume":"122","author":"Connor","year":"2008"},{"key":"b8-0340002","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"352","article-title":"Surgical management of cavernous malformations involving the cranial nerves","volume":"53","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2003"},{"key":"b9-0340002","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"986","article-title":"Glomus tumor of the facial canal. A case report","volume":"112","author":"Dutcher","year":"1986"},{"key":"b10-0340002","series-title":"Am J Otol","first-page":"223","article-title":"Facial nerve management in temporal bone hemangiomas","volume":"13","author":"Eby","year":"1992"},{"key":"b11-0340002","series-title":"J Laryngol Otol","first-page":"858","article-title":"Cavernous haemangioma of the facial nerve","volume":"111","author":"Escada","year":"1997"},{"key":"b12-0340002","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"942","article-title":"Facial nerve tumors","volume":"24","author":"Falcioni","year":"2003"},{"key":"b13-0340002","series-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol","first-page":"394","article-title":"Large intraosseous hemangioma of the temporal bone in a child","volume":"113","author":"Fierek","year":"2004"},{"key":"b14-0340002","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"760","article-title":"Temporal bone hemangiomas involving the facial nerve","volume":"23","author":"Friedman","year":"2002"},{"key":"b15-0340002","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"965","article-title":"Ossifying hemangioma of the temporal bone","volume":"116","author":"Gavil\u00e1n","year":"1990"},{"key":"b16-0340002","series-title":"Am J Otolaryngol","first-page":"497","article-title":"The intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma: a diagnostic and management conundrum","volume":"33","author":"Gross","year":"2012"},{"key":"b17-0340002","series-title":"South Med J","first-page":"717","article-title":"Primary meningioma of the fallopian canal","volume":"93","author":"Jabor","year":"2000"},{"key":"b18-0340002","series-title":"Am J Otolaryngol","first-page":"318","article-title":"Primary facial canal paraganglioma","volume":"20","author":"Kania","year":"1999"},{"key":"b19-0340002","series-title":"AMA Arch Otolaryngol","first-page":"276","article-title":"Peripheral facial palsies due to tumors; pathology and clinical picture: a review of the literature and a report of three cases of intratemporal tumors of the facial nerve","volume":"69","author":"Kettel","year":"1959"},{"key":"b20-0340002","series-title":"Otol Neurotol","first-page":"312","article-title":"Management of intratemporal facial nerve schwannoma","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2003"},{"key":"b21-0340002","series-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"693","article-title":"Paraganglioma of the facial nerve, a rare differential diagnosis for facial nerve paralysis: case report and review of the literature","volume":"269","author":"Kunzel","year":"2012"},{"key":"b22-0340002","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"1144","article-title":"Geniculate ganglion meningiomas: CT and MR appearances","volume":"16","author":"Larson","year":"1995"},{"key":"b23-0340002","series-title":"Am J Otol","first-page":"393","article-title":"Meningiomas intrinsic to the geniculate ganglion","volume":"18","author":"Luetje","year":"1997"},{"key":"b24-0340002","series-title":"Radiol North Am","first-page":"1059","article-title":"Glomus faciale, glomus jugulare, glomus tympanicum, glomus vagale carotid body tumors, and stimulating lesions. 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