{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:35:58Z","timestamp":1777944958846,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"\n Object<\/jats:title>\n The authors report on the use of a recently developed microscope-integrated fluorescent module using low-dose intravenous fluorescein for videoangiography during arteriovenous malformation (AVM) surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The authors analyzed the application of a low-dose intraoperative fluorescein in 4 consecutive patients undergoing AVM surgery. The ability to distinguish the associated vessels of the AVM from normal vessels and to assess the degree of AVM obliteration based on videoangiography of venous drainage was specifically analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n All 4 patients underwent fluorescein angiography without complication. In each case, videoangiography confirmed recognition of feeding arteries and draining veins through the operating oculars under the fluorescent mode. In one case involving a large frontal AVM, videoangiography demonstrated mainly cortical veins on the surface of the AVM and alerted the senior author to first tackle the feeding arteries in the interhemispheric space. While evaluating the flow within the different draining veins after most of the AVM was disconnected, videoangiography also prioritized the order for disconnection of large draining veins to allow mobilization the AVM and exposure of the remaining deep arterial feeders. In the other 3 cases, videoangiography allowed easy recognition of the angioarchitecture of the AVMs, estimated its cortical boundaries, and most importantly, assessed the flow within the draining veins before their disconnection.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The authors found fluorescein videoangiography to be a useful adjunct in resection of AVMs. This technology offers the unique ability to visualize fluorescent vessels and nonfluorescent tissues in near-natural colors simultaneously and permits microsurgical manipulation of relevant structures under the fluorescent mode. Largerscale studies are needed to establish its efficacy and wider applicability.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.11.focus13483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T03:36:45Z","timestamp":1391225805000},"page":"E15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A prospective study of microscope-integrated intraoperative fluorescein videoangiography during arteriovenous malformation surgery: preliminary results"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Brandon C.","family":"Lane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University Department of Neurological Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron A.","family":"Cohen-Gadol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University Department of Neurological Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0360015","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"430","article-title":"Anaphylactic reaction after fluorescein sodium administration during intracranial surgery","volume":"18","author":"Dilek","year":"2011"},{"key":"b2-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"2181","article-title":"Enhanced analysis of intracerebral arterioveneous malformations by the intraoperative use of analytical indocyanine green videoangiography: technical note","volume":"153","author":"Faber","year":"2011"},{"key":"b3-0360015","series-title":"Can Med Assoc J","first-page":"1","article-title":"Intracarotid fluorescein angiography: a new method for examination of the epicerebral circulation in man","volume":"96","author":"Feindel","year":"1967"},{"key":"b4-0360015","series-title":"Ophthalmology","first-page":"529","article-title":"Adverse reactions due to indocyanine green","volume":"101","author":"Hope-Ross","year":"1994"},{"key":"b5-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"177","article-title":"Cortical fluorescein angiography in neurosurgery","volume":"44","author":"J\u00e4rpe","year":"1968"},{"key":"b6-0360015","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"829","article-title":"Preliminary evaluation of the role of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative FLOW 800 colored indocyanine fluorescence angiography in arteriovenous malformation surgery","volume":"59","author":"Kato","year":"2011"},{"key":"b7-0360015","series-title":"Adv Neurol","first-page":"149","article-title":"Mechanisms of contrast enhancement in cerebral infarction: computerized tomography, regional cerebral blood flow, fluorescein angiography, and pathological study","volume":"30","author":"Kawase","year":"1981"},{"key":"b8-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"456","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green angiography during cerebral arteriovenous malformation surgery","volume":"65","author":"Killory","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9-0360015","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"99","article-title":"Fluorescein sodium-guided surgery in glioblastoma multiforme: a prospective evaluation","volume":"22","author":"Koc","year":"2008"},{"key":"b10-0360015","series-title":"Curr Drug Discov Technol","first-page":"160","article-title":"Fluorescein fluorescence use in the management of intracranial neoplastic and vascular lesions: a review and report of a new technique","volume":"10","author":"Lane","year":"2013"},{"key":"b11-0360015","series-title":"World Neurosurg","article-title":"Intraoperative fluorescence-guided resection of high-grade gliomas: a comparison of the present techniques and evolution of future strategies","author":"Li","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 2","key":"b12-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"345","article-title":"Neuronavigation for arteriovenous malformation surgery by intraoperative three-dimensional ultrasound angiography","volume":"60","author":"Mathiesen","year":"2007"},{"key":"b13-0360015","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"392","article-title":"The clinical use of fluorescein in neurosurgery. The localization of brain tumors","volume":"5","author":"Moore","year":"1948"},{"key":"b14-0360015","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"224","article-title":"Uses and limitations of indocyanine green videoangiography for flow analysis in arteriovenous malformation surgery","volume":"20","author":"Ng","year":"2013"},{"key":"b15-0360015","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","first-page":"382","article-title":"Metastatic brain tumor surgery using fluorescein sodium: technical note","volume":"50","author":"Okuda","year":"2007"},{"key":"b16-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"132","article-title":"Near-infrared indocyanine green video angiography: a new method for intraoperative assessment of vascular flow","volume":"52","author":"Raabe","year":"2003"},{"key":"b17-0360015","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"982","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography during aneurysm surgery","volume":"103","author":"Raabe","year":"2005"},{"key":"b18-0360015","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"429","article-title":"Fluorescence angiography","volume":"108","author":"Raabe","year":"2008"},{"key":"b19-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"1287","article-title":"Intraoperative fluorescence for resection of hemangioblastomas","volume":"155","author":"Rey-Dios","year":"2013"},{"key":"b20-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"701","article-title":"Technical principles and neurosurgical applications of fluorescein fluorescence using a microscope-integrated fluorescence module","volume":"155","author":"Rey-Dios","year":"2013"},{"key":"b21-0360015","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"942","article-title":"A new technique for examining the leptomeningeal circulation","volume":"2","author":"Russell","year":"1966"},{"key":"b22-0360015","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"597","article-title":"Fluorescence-guided resection of glioblastoma multiforme by using high-dose fluorescein sodium. Technical note","volume":"99","author":"Shinoda","year":"2003"},{"key":"b23-0360015","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"405","article-title":"Current indications for indocyanine green angiography","volume":"76","author":"Snyder","year":"2011"},{"key":"b24-0360015","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"68","article-title":"Confirmation of blood flow in perforating arteries using fluorescein cerebral angiography during aneurysm surgery","volume":"107","author":"Suzuki","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1 Suppl Operative","key":"b25-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"34","article-title":"Evaluation of serial intraoperative surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations","volume":"70","author":"Takagi","year":"2012"},{"key":"b26-0360015","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"503","article-title":"An anaphylactoid reaction after administration of fluorescein sodium during neurosurgery","volume":"103","author":"Tanahashi","year":"2006"},{"key":"b27-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"689","article-title":"Intra-operative colour-duplex-sonography in the surgical management of cerebral AV-malformations","volume":"140","author":"Woydt","year":"1998"},{"key":"b28-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"970","article-title":"Intraoperative assessment of aneurysm clip placement by intravenous fluorescein angiography","volume":"35","author":"Wrobel","year":"1994"},{"key":"b29-0360015","series-title":"Ophthalmology","first-page":"611","article-title":"Fluorescein angiography complication survey","volume":"93","author":"Yannuzzi","year":"1986"},{"key":"b1-0360015","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"430","article-title":"Anaphylactic reaction after fluorescein sodium administration during intracranial surgery","volume":"18","author":"Dilek","year":"2011"},{"key":"b2-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"2181","article-title":"Enhanced analysis of intracerebral arterioveneous malformations by the intraoperative use of analytical indocyanine green videoangiography: technical note","volume":"153","author":"Faber","year":"2011"},{"key":"b3-0360015","series-title":"Can Med Assoc J","first-page":"1","article-title":"Intracarotid fluorescein angiography: a new method for examination of the epicerebral circulation in man","volume":"96","author":"Feindel","year":"1967"},{"key":"b4-0360015","series-title":"Ophthalmology","first-page":"529","article-title":"Adverse reactions due to indocyanine green","volume":"101","author":"Hope-Ross","year":"1994"},{"key":"b5-0360015","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"177","article-title":"Cortical fluorescein angiography in neurosurgery","volume":"44","author":"J\u00e4rpe","year":"1968"},{"key":"b6-0360015","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"829","article-title":"Preliminary evaluation of the role of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative FLOW 800 colored indocyanine fluorescence angiography in arteriovenous malformation surgery","volume":"59","author":"Kato","year":"2011"},{"key":"b7-0360015","series-title":"Adv Neurol","first-page":"149","article-title":"Mechanisms of contrast enhancement in cerebral infarction: computerized tomography, regional cerebral blood flow, fluorescein angiography, and pathological study","volume":"30","author":"Kawase","year":"1981"},{"key":"b8-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"456","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green angiography during cerebral arteriovenous malformation surgery","volume":"65","author":"Killory","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9-0360015","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","first-page":"99","article-title":"Fluorescein sodium-guided surgery in glioblastoma multiforme: a prospective evaluation","volume":"22","author":"Koc","year":"2008"},{"key":"b10-0360015","series-title":"Curr Drug Discov Technol","first-page":"160","article-title":"Fluorescein fluorescence use in the management of intracranial neoplastic and vascular lesions: a review and report of a new technique","volume":"10","author":"Lane","year":"2013"},{"key":"b11-0360015","series-title":"World Neurosurg","article-title":"Intraoperative fluorescence-guided resection of high-grade gliomas: a comparison of the present techniques and evolution of future strategies","author":"Li","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 2","key":"b12-0360015","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"345","article-title":"Neuronavigation for arteriovenous malformation surgery by intraoperative three-dimensional ultrasound angiography","volume":"60","author":"Mathiesen","year":"2007"},{"key":"b13-0360015","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"392","article-title":"The clinical use of fluorescein in neurosurgery. 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