{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T18:18:47Z","timestamp":1773771527978,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common diagnosis in neurosurgical and neurocritical practice. Comprehensive outcome data are lacking for nontraumatic SDH. The authors determined which factors are associated with in-hospital mortality in a large sample of patients with nontraumatic SDH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, the authors selected adults who had been hospitalized in the US between 2007 and 2009 and in whom a primary diagnosis of nontraumatic SDH (ICD-9-CM code 432.1) had been made. Demographics, comorbidities, surgical treatment, and discharge outcomes were identified. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among 14,093 patients with acute nontraumatic SDH, the mean age was 71.4 \u00b1 14.8 (mean \u00b1 standard deviation). In addition, 22.2% of the patients were admitted during the weekend. Surgical evacuation was performed in 51.4% of the patients, and 11.8% of all patients died during hospitalization. In multivariate analyses, patient age (adjusted OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.012\u20131.022), congestive heart failure (adjusted OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19\u20131.71), warfarin use (adjusted OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.17\u20131.70), coagulopathy (adjusted OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.75\u20132.61), mechanical ventilation (adjusted OR 16.85, 95% CI 14.29\u201319.86), and weekend admission (adjusted OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.38) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Race (Hispanic: adjusted OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51\u20130.83; black: adjusted OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63\u20130.96), urban hospital location (adjusted OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.54\u20130.89), and surgical SDH evacuation (adjusted OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.45\u20130.60) were strong independent predictors for decreased mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>One in 9 patients with nontraumatic SDH dies during hospitalization. Among the several predictors of in-hospital mortality, the weekend effect and treatment with surgical evacuation are potentially modifiable factors. Further investigation may lead to improvements in management and outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.4.jns122236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,7]],"date-time":"2013-06-07T13:58:02Z","timestamp":1370613482000},"page":"1296-1301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Predictors of mortality in nontraumatic subdural hematoma"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Katharina M.","family":"Busl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences, Section of Neurocritical Care, Rush University Medical Center; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyam","family":"Prabhakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns122236","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000298908.94129.67","article-title":"The role of postoperative patient posture in the recurrence of traumatic chronic subdural hematoma after burr-hole surgery","volume":"61","author":"Abouzari","year":"2007"},{"key":"b2-jns122236","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1080\/02688699944203","article-title":"Subdural haematomas in the elderly: experience with treatment by trephine craniotomy and not closing the dura or replacing the bone plate","volume":"13","author":"Beatty","year":"1999"},{"key":"b3-jns122236","series-title":"Med Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000160417.39497.a9","article-title":"Accuracy of ICD-9-CM codes for identifying cardiovascular and stroke risk factors","volume":"43","author":"Birman-Deych","year":"2005"},{"key":"b4-jns122236","series-title":"J Neurotrauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2000.17.573","article-title":"Age","volume":"17","author":"Bullock","year":"2000"},{"key":"b5-jns122236","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3109\/02688699209002930","article-title":"The outcome from acute subdural and epidural intracranial haematomas in very elderly patients","volume":"6","author":"Cagetti","year":"1992"},{"key":"b6-jns122236","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318251791a","article-title":"The impact of provider volume on the outcomes after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"70","author":"Dasenbrock","year":"2012"},{"key":"b7-jns122236","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318232d1ee","article-title":"The impact of weekend hospital admission on the timing of intervention and outcomes after surgery for spinal metastases","volume":"70","author":"Dasenbrock","year":"2012"},{"key":"b8-jns122236","series-title":"Crit Care Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182186ed6","article-title":"National trend in prevalence, cost, and discharge disposition after subdural hematoma from 1998-2007","volume":"39","author":"Frontera","year":"2011"},{"key":"b9-jns122236","series-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-12-92","article-title":"Effects of hospital delivery during off-hours on perinatal outcome in several subgroups: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Gijsen","year":"2012"},{"key":"b10-jns122236","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.6.JNS101989","article-title":"Hospital costs, incidence, and inhospital mortality rates of traumatic subdural hematoma in the United States. 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