{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T23:14:14Z","timestamp":1780528454830,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Giant plexiform neurofibroma (GPNF) of the scalp is an extremely rare lesion reported in association with neurofibromatosis. Occipital location of GPNF is even more infrequent, especially in association with occipital dysplasia (OD). The authors report 2 pediatric cases of GPNF associated with OD. The first case had an associated meningoencephalocele, and the second had large vascular channels within the lesion and the dominant ipsilateral transverse sinus lying in the center of the calvarial defect. The authors present these 2 unusual cases with a review of literature and discuss the radiological findings, theories of etiopathogenesis of the OD, and management dilemmas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.8.peds12624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,13]],"date-time":"2013-09-13T13:57:26Z","timestamp":1379080646000},"page":"458-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Congenital giant plexiform neurofibroma with occipital calvarial dysplasia in association with meningoencephalocele in neurofibromatosis Type 1 and segmental neurofibromatosis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ravi","family":"Dadlani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatraman","family":"Sadanand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandita","family":"Ghosal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alangar S.","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-peds12624","series-title":"Neurol India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.25140","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type I with occipital encephalocele","volume":"54","author":"Bodhey","year":"2006"},{"key":"b2-peds12624","series-title":"Gaoxiong Yi Xue Ke Xue Za Zhi","first-page":"650","article-title":"Huge plexiform neurofibroma of the head and liver\u2014case report","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"1991"},{"key":"b3-peds12624","series-title":"Skinmed","first-page":"156","article-title":"Segmental neurofibromatosis and malignancy","volume":"8","author":"Dang","year":"2010"},{"key":"b4-peds12624","series-title":"Aust N Z J Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1987.tb01448.x","article-title":"Life-threatening haemorrhage in patients with neurofibromatosis","volume":"57","author":"Francis","year":"1987"},{"key":"b5-peds12624","series-title":"Osteoporosis","first-page":"323","article-title":"The skeleton abnormalities in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1: important consequences of abnormal gene function","author":"Karwacki","year":"2012"},{"key":"b6-peds12624","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.48.271","article-title":"Giant plexiform neurofibroma and suboccipital meningocele manifesting as segmental neurofibromatosis","volume":"48","author":"Kurimoto","year":"2008"},{"key":"b7-peds12624","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.4.0465","article-title":"Congenital venous malformation of the scalp associated with plexiform neurofibroma and cranial defect. Case report","volume":"31","author":"Maroun","year":"1969"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"b8-peds12624","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"484","article-title":"Calvarial defects associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1. Report of two cases","volume":"106","author":"Mislow","year":"2007"},{"key":"b9-peds12624","series-title":"Singapore Med J","first-page":"450","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis and multiple skull defects: a case report","volume":"27","author":"Mohamed","year":"1986"},{"key":"b10-peds12624","series-title":"No To Shinkei","first-page":"181","article-title":"[Giant neurofibroma of the occipital scalp associated with lambda defect-case report (author's transl).]","volume":"33","author":"Nakasu","year":"1981"},{"key":"b11-peds12624","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1977.46.2.0245","article-title":"\u201cCongenital\u201d plexiform neurofibroma of the occipital scalp. Case report","volume":"46","author":"Ohaegbulam","year":"1977"},{"key":"b12-peds12624","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417670","article-title":"Thoracic and lumbar meningocele in neurofibromatosis type 1. Report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Rainov","year":"1995"},{"key":"b13-peds12624","series-title":"Br J Plast Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(03)00151-6","article-title":"Massive plexiform neurofibroma with associated meningo-encephalocoele and occipital bone defect presenting as a cervical mass","volume":"56","author":"Renshaw","year":"2003"},{"key":"b14-peds12624","series-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.105.2.319","article-title":"Calvarial bone defects in neurofibromatosis","volume":"105","author":"Saha","year":"1969"},{"key":"b15-peds12624","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1966.25.1.0081","article-title":"Massive plexiform neurofibroma of the occipital scalp. 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