{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T20:22:55Z","timestamp":1743538975139},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Leprosy has a predilection for peripheral nerves and is not considered to involve the CNS. The idea that the CNS is exempt from <jats:italic>Mycobacterium leprae<\/jats:italic> bacilli has been suspected from a clinical perspective or CSF study in leprosy patients. However, there has been no direct evidence for CNS involvement by leprosy in a living patient. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the present case is the first report providing histopathological and molecular evidence for CNS involvement by leprosy in a living patient. Brain MRI revealed a 2-cm cystic lesion in the right frontal lobe of the patient. The medical history revealed that the patient had been receiving multidrug therapy for borderline lepromatous leprosy. Neuronavigation-guided craniotomy and lesion removal were performed due to a presumptive diagnosis of low-grade glioma. The brain specimen demonstrated variably thickened blood vessels and densely scattered foamy macrophages in the perivascular spaces and parenchymal stroma. Fite acid-fast stain displayed red granular inclusions that were suggestive for fragmented <jats:italic>M. leprae. M. leprae<\/jats:italic>-specific nested polymerase chain reaction amplification showed positive bands, and DNA sequencing also demonstrated homology with the <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic> genome. This case supports the notion that <jats:italic>M. leprae<\/jats:italic> can involve the cerebral cortex regardless of cranial nerve engagement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.1.jns131429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,14]],"date-time":"2014-02-14T15:00:57Z","timestamp":1392390057000},"page":"184-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Brain involvement by leprosy presenting as a frontal cystic lesion"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Kyung-Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung-Sub","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sook Jung","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Ho","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Hyuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min-Cheol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-13-1429","series-title":"Microbiol Immunol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2003.tb03375.x","article-title":"Degradation process of Mycobacterium leprae cells in infected tissue examined by the freeze-substitution method in electron microscopy","volume":"47","author":"Amako","year":"2003"},{"key":"b2-13-1429","series-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/nen.0b013e31803d597e","article-title":"Mycobacterium leprae in neurons of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord in leprosy","volume":"66","author":"Aung","year":"2007"},{"key":"b3-13-1429","series-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis","first-page":"94","article-title":"Visceral lesions in lepromatous leprosy. 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