{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:23:21Z","timestamp":1794324201064,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The authors report a very rare presentation of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) with extensive edema of the basal ganglia and brainstem because of an anatomical variation of the basal vein of Rosenthal (BVR). A 45-year-old woman was admitted to the authors' institution for left hemiparesis, dysarthria, and a comatose state caused by right orbital trauma from a thin metal rod. Brain MRI showed a right CCF and vasogenic edema of the right side of the brainstem, right temporal lobe, and basal ganglia. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed a high-flow direct CCF and revealed a hypoplastic second segment of the BVR responsible for the hypertension in inferior striate veins and venous congestion. Endovascular treatment was performed on an emergency basis. One month after treatment, the patient's symptoms and MRI signal abnormalities almost totally disappeared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Basal ganglia and brainstem venous congestion may occur in traumatic CCF in cases of a hypoplastic or agenetic second segment of the BVR and may provoke emergency treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.1.jns132016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,14]],"date-time":"2014-02-14T10:00:57Z","timestamp":1392372057000},"page":"63-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Extensive basal ganglia edema caused by a traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula: a rare presentation related to a basal vein of Rosenthal anatomical variation"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ract","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Pontchaillou Hospital, CHU Rennes;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Drier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroradiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Leclercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroradiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nader","family":"Sourour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroradiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Gabrieli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Yger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Neurology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Nouet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosugery, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, Paris VI University, Paris, France; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Dormont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroradiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Chiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroradiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Claren\u00e7on","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neuroradiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-13-2016","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.2.0248","article-title":"Classification and treatment of spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas","volume":"62","author":"Barrow","year":"1985"},{"key":"b2-13-2016","series-title":"J Neuroradiol","first-page":"220","article-title":"[Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula complicated by edematous cerebral lesions from venous etiology.]","volume":"31","author":"Blanc","year":"2004"},{"key":"b3-13-2016","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.81.4.0531","article-title":"Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae: angiographic predictors of intracranial hemorrhage and clinical outcome in nonsurgical patients","volume":"81","author":"Brown","year":"1994"},{"key":"b4-13-2016","series-title":"J Neuroophthalmol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e31818e3db9","article-title":"Direct carotidcavernous fistula causing brainstem venous congestion","volume":"29","author":"Bussi\u00e8re","year":"2009"},{"key":"b5-13-2016","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.194.3.7862961","article-title":"Cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical and angiographic correlation with a revised classification of venous drainage","volume":"194","author":"Cognard","year":"1995"},{"key":"b6-13-2016","series-title":"J Neuroimaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2009.00400.x","article-title":"Traumatic carotidcavernous fistula with pontomesencephalic and cervical cord venous drainage presenting as tetraparesis","volume":"21","author":"Herrera","year":"2011"},{"key":"b7-13-2016","series-title":"Radiographics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.246045026","article-title":"Treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: current strategies based on location and hemodynamics, and alternative techniques of transcatheter embolization","volume":"24","author":"Kiyosue","year":"2004"},{"key":"b8-13-2016","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-008-0468-5","article-title":"Clinical and angiographic characteristics of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas manifesting as venous infarction and\/or intracranial hemorrhage","volume":"51","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9-13-2016","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.43.255","article-title":"Brainstem congestion caused by direct carotid-cavernous fistula\u2014case report","volume":"43","author":"Murata","year":"2003"},{"key":"b10-13-2016","series-title":"Am J Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000980302","article-title":"The cranial venous system in man in reference to development, adult configuration, and relation to the arteries","volume":"98","author":"Padget","year":"1956"},{"key":"b11-13-2016","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2004.08.004","article-title":"Carotid cavernous fistulas: anatomy, classification, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ringer","year":"2005"},{"key":"b12-13-2016","series-title":"Skull Base","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16609","article-title":"Carotid-cavernous fistulas: pathogenesis and routes of approach to endovascular treatment","volume":"11","author":"Shownkeen","year":"2001"},{"key":"b13-13-2016","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"670","article-title":"Variations of the basal vein: identification using three-dimensional CT angiography","volume":"22","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001"},{"key":"b14-13-2016","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"139","article-title":"Brainstem edema: an unusual complication of carotid cavernous fistula","volume":"12","author":"Teng","year":"1991"},{"key":"b15-13-2016","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.4.0680","article-title":"Spontaneous intracerebral hematoma in carotid-cavernous fistula. 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