{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:17:59Z","timestamp":1791289079782,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"\nObject<\/jats:title>\nThe aim of this study was to demonstrate that paclitaxel could function as a radiosensitizer for malignant glioma in vitro and in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods<\/jats:title>\nThe radiosensitizing effect of paclitaxel was tested in vitro using the human U373MG and rat 9L glioma cell lines. Cell cycle arrest in response to paclitaxel exposure was quantified by flow cytometry. Cells were subsequently irradiated, and toxicity was measured using the clonogenic assay. In vivo studies were performed in Fischer 344 rats implanted with intracranial 9L gliosarcoma. Rats were treated with control polymer implants, paclitaxel controlled-release polymers, radiotherapy, or a combination of the 2 treatments. The study end point was survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nFlow cytometry demonstrated G2<\/jats:sub>-M arrest in both U373MG and 9L cells following 6\u201312 hours of paclitaxel exposure. The order in which the combination treatment was administered was significant. Exposure to radiation treatment (XRT) during the 6\u201312 hours after paclitaxel treatment resulted in a synergistic reduction in colony formation. This effect was greater than the effect from either treatment alone and was also greater than the effect of radiation exposure followed by paclitaxel. Rats bearing 9L gliosarcoma tumors treated with paclitaxel polymer administration followed by single-fraction radiotherapy demonstrated a synergistic improvement in survival compared with any other treatment, including radiotherapy followed by paclitaxel treatment. Median survival for control animals was 13 days; for those treated with paclitaxel alone, 21 days; for those treated with XRT alone, 21 days; for those treated with XRT followed by paclitaxel, 45 days; and for those treated with paclitaxel followed by XRT, more than 150 days (p < 0.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusions<\/jats:title>\nThese results indicate that paclitaxel is an effective radiosensitizer for malignant gliomas because it renders glioma cells more sensitive to ionizing radiation by causing G2<\/jats:sub>-M arrest, and induces a synergistic response to chemoradiotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.1.jns13235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,7]],"date-time":"2014-03-07T15:00:41Z","timestamp":1394204441000},"page":"1078-1085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Radiosensitization of malignant gliomas following intracranial delivery of paclitaxel biodegradable polymer microspheres"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Patrik","family":"Gabikian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Neurosurgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty M.","family":"Tyler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irma","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khan W.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Brem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Oncology,"},{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, and"},{"name":"Ophthalmology, Baltimore, Maryland; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin A.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns13235","series-title":"Int J Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19991008)83:2<151::AID-IJC1>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Molecular effects of paclitaxel: myths and reality (a critical review)","volume":"83","author":"Blagosklonny","year":"1999"},{"key":"b2-jns13235","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.9.JNS101223","article-title":"Safety and maximum tolerated dose of superselective intraarterial cerebral infusion of bevacizumab after osmotic blood-brain barrier disruption for recurrent malignant glioma. 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