{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T06:09:31Z","timestamp":1778220571673,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Recording the auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a common method for monitoring the integrity of auditory pathways during surgery in the cerebellopontine angle. Electrocochleography (ECochG) is an alternative means of intraoperative neuromonitoring. In the present study the authors compared the practicability and prognostic significance of these two methods by performing simultaneous recordings in the operating room.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Between 2006 and 2011, 125 patients (mean age 55 years) underwent surgery in the cerebellopontine angle. Seventy-one percent of the patients presented with a hearing deficit, and 37% had useful hearing but with slight functional impairment. Auditory brainstem response was recorded with a subdermal needle electrode at the mastoid. For ECochG recording, a noninvasive ball electrode was attached to the tympanic membrane. Amplitudes obtained from both ECochG and ABR audiometry were compared and correlated to pre- and postoperative hearing deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Simultaneous intraoperative monitoring via ABR and ECochG was possible in 114 cases (91%). Postoperatively, 42% of patients showed some degree of new hearing deficit, whereas 4% had improvement. The mean amplitudes in ECochG monitoring were significantly higher (0.18 \u00b1 0.04 \u03bcV) than the ABR potentials (0.08 \u00b1 0.006 \u03bcV; p &lt; 0.05). All waves recorded at the mastoid needle electrode could be recognized in the potentials of the tympanic ball electrode. Hearing outcome correlated more reliably with the relative amplitude changes in Waves III and V in ECochG (III: p = 0.0008, V: p = 0.0015) than in ABR monitoring (III: p = 0.2075, V: p = 0.0398).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Intraoperative monitoring of the auditory system by recording with noninvasive tympanic ball electrodes is more practicable than with subcutaneous needle electrodes at the tragus. Since there is also a reliable correlation between ECochG and clinical outcome, the method can replace common ABR recording during surgery in the cerebellopontine angle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.1.jns13396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,21]],"date-time":"2014-02-21T16:03:28Z","timestamp":1392998608000},"page":"1042-1047","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Superiority of tympanic ball electrodes over mastoid needle electrodes for intraoperative monitoring of hearing function"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Sandro M.","family":"Krieg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Kempf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doris","family":"Droese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen K.","family":"Rosahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Lehmberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-13-396","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"1318","article-title":"Intraoperative BAER monitoring and hearing preservation in the treatment of acoustic neuromas","volume":"95","author":"Abramson","year":"1985"},{"key":"b2-13-396","series-title":"Mayo Clin Proc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)62028-X","article-title":"Hemifacial spasm: results of microvascular decompression of the facial nerve in 54 patients","volume":"61","author":"Auger","year":"1986"},{"key":"b3-13-396","series-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988209000119","article-title":"Monitoring of intraoperative auditory brain stem responses","volume":"90","author":"Daspit","year":"1982"},{"key":"b4-13-396","series-title":"Ear Hear","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-198906000-00004","article-title":"Tympanic ECochG and conventional ABR: a combined approach for the identification of wave I and the I-V interwave interval","volume":"10","author":"Ferraro","year":"1989"},{"key":"b5-13-396","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.4.0552","article-title":"Intraoperative brain-stem auditory evoked potentials during posterior fossa microvascular decompression","volume":"62","author":"Friedman","year":"1985"},{"key":"b6-13-396","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.2.0175","article-title":"Management of acoustic neuromas, 1978\u20131983","volume":"63","author":"Harner","year":"1985"},{"key":"b7-13-396","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.8.1551","article-title":"Effect of BAEP monitoring on hearing preservation during acoustic neuroma resection","volume":"42","author":"Harper","year":"1992"},{"key":"b8-13-396","series-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00714488","article-title":"Intraoperative monitoring by transtympanic electrocochleography and brainstem electrical response audiometry in acoustic neuroma surgery","volume":"249","author":"Lenarz","year":"1992"},{"key":"b9-13-396","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199705000-00007","article-title":"Management of vestibular schwannomas (acoustic neuromas): the value of neurophysiology for evaluation and prediction of auditory function in 420 cases","volume":"40","author":"Matthies","year":"1997"},{"key":"b10-13-396","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"459","article-title":"Management of vestibular schwannomas (acoustic neuromas): the value of neurophysiology for intraoperative monitoring of auditory function in 200 cases","volume":"40","author":"Matthies","year":"1997"},{"key":"b11-13-396","series-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(94)90099-X","article-title":"Neural conduction velocity of the human auditory nerve: bipolar recordings from the exposed intracranial portion of the eighth nerve during vestibular nerve section","volume":"92","author":"M\u00f8ller","year":"1994"},{"key":"b12-13-396","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.3.0493","article-title":"Monitoring auditory functions during cranial nerve microvascular decompression operations by direct recording from the eighth nerve","volume":"59","author":"M\u00f8ller","year":"1983"},{"key":"b13-13-396","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"688","article-title":"Preservation of hearing in operations on acoustic tumors: an alternative to recording brain stem auditory evoked potentials","volume":"34","author":"M\u00f8ller","year":"1994"},{"key":"b14-13-396","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.1.0017","article-title":"Loss of auditory function in microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. 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