{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T15:29:16Z","timestamp":1789399756577,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs) are rare intracranial tumors, and the optimal management of these tumors remains unclear. Resection can be undertaken, but the tumor\u2019s intimate association with the facial nerve makes resection with neurological preservation quite challenging. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been used to treat FNSs, and this study evaluates the outcome of this approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>At 8 medical centers participating in the North American Gamma Knife Consortium (NAGKC), 42 patients undergoing SRS for an FNS were identified, and clinical and radiographic data were obtained for these cases. Males outnumbered females at a ratio of 1.2:1, and the patients\u2019 median age was 48 years (range 11\u201376 years). Prior resection was performed in 36% of cases. The mean tumor volume was 1.8 cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, and a mean margin dose of 12.5 Gy (range 11\u201315 Gy) was delivered to the tumor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>At a median follow-up of 28 months, tumor control was achieved in 36 (90%) of the 40 patients with reliable radiographic follow-up. Actuarial tumor control was 97%, 97%, 97%, and 90% at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years postradiosurgery. Preoperative facial nerve function was preserved in 38 of 42 patients, with 60% of evaluable patients having House-Brackmann scores of 1 or 2 at last follow-up. Treated patients with a House-Brackmann score of 1 to 3 were more likely to demonstrate this level of facial nerve function at last evaluation (OR 6.09, 95% CI 1.7\u201322.0, p = 0.006). Avoidance of temporary or permanent neurological symptoms was more likely to be achieved in patients who received a tumor margin dose of 12.5 Gy or less (log-rank test, p = 0.024) delivered to a tumor of \u2264 1 cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> in volume (log-rank test, p = 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Stereotactic radiosurgery resulted in tumor control and neurological preservation in most FNS patients. When the tumor is smaller and the patient exhibits favorable normal facial nerve function, SRS portends a better result. The authors believe that early, upfront SRS may be the treatment of choice for small FNSs, but it is an effective salvage treatment for residual\/recurrent tumor that remain or progress after resection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.11.jns141160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,8]],"date-time":"2015-05-08T13:59:09Z","timestamp":1431093549000},"page":"387-394","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Gamma Knife radiosurgery for facial nerve schwannomas: a multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Jason P.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Kano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berkcan","family":"Akpinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Y.K.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James B.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Mei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yuh","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Symeon","family":"Missios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Kondziolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University, New York, New York;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Alonso-Basanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gene H.","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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