{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T03:43:34Z","timestamp":1783223014928,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of this study was to show that microendoscopic guidance using a double-channel technique could be safely applied during percutaneous cordotomy and provides clear real-time visualization of the spinal cord and surrounding structures during the entire procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Twenty-four adult patients with intractable cancer pain were treated by microendoscopic-guided percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) cordotomy using the double-channel technique under local anesthesia. A percutaneous lateral puncture was performed initially under fluoroscopy guidance to localize the target. When the subarachnoid space was reached by the guiding cannula, the endoscope was inserted for visualization of the spinal cord and surrounding structures. After target visualization, a second needle was inserted to guide the RF electrode. Cordotomy was performed by a standard RF method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The microendoscopic double-channel approach provided real-time visualization of the target in 91% of the cases. The other 9% of procedures were performed by the single-channel technique. Significant analgesia was achieved in over 90% of the cases. Two patients had transient ataxia that lasted for a few weeks until total recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The use of percutaneous microendoscopic cordotomy with the double-channel technique is useful for specific manipulations of the spinal cord. It provides real-time visualization of the RF probe, thereby adding a degree of safety to the procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.12.jns141616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,31]],"date-time":"2015-07-31T13:59:54Z","timestamp":1438351194000},"page":"389-396","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Microendoscopy-guided percutaneous cordotomy for intractable pain: case series of 24 patients"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Erich Talamoni","family":"Fonoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William Omar Contreras","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil; and"},{"name":"Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ywzhe Sifuentes Almeida","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoel Jacobsen","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns141616","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-9160-6_39","article-title":"Bilateral versus unilateral percutaneous high cervical cordotomy as a surgical method of pain relief","volume":"52","author":"Amano","year":"1991"},{"key":"b2-jns141616","series-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2009.09.011","article-title":"Bilateral open thoracic cordotomy for refractory cancer pain: a neglected technique?","volume":"39","author":"Atkin","year":"2010"},{"key":"b3-jns141616","series-title":"J Palliat Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2013.0027","article-title":"Percutaneous cervical cordotomy for the management of pain from cancer: a prospective review of 45 cases","volume":"16","author":"Bain","year":"2013"},{"key":"b4-jns141616","series-title":"Calif Med","first-page":"21","article-title":"Percutaneous cordotomy. A simplified approach to the management of intractable pain","volume":"112","author":"Batzdorf","year":"1970"},{"key":"b5-jns141616","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2006.07.025","article-title":"Bilateral high-level percutaneous cervical cordotomy in cancer pain due to lung cancer: a case report","volume":"67","author":"Bekar","year":"2007"},{"key":"b6-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1963.20.3.0225","article-title":"Clinical observations on respiratory and vasomotor disturbance as related to cervical cordotomies","volume":"20","author":"Belmusto","year":"1963"},{"key":"b7-jns141616","series-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2011.05.018","article-title":"Episodic (breakthrough) pain prevalence in a population of cancer pain patients. Comparison of clinical diagnoses with the QUDEI\u2014Italian questionnaire for intense episodic pain","volume":"43","author":"Caraceni","year":"2012"},{"key":"b8-jns141616","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1159\/000337535","article-title":"Four-decade maintenance of analgesia with percutaneous cordotomy","volume":"90","author":"Collins","year":"2012"},{"key":"b9-jns141616","series-title":"J Headache Pain","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-005-0145-6","article-title":"The present role of percutaneous cervical cordotomy for the treatment of cancer pain","volume":"6","author":"Crul","year":"2005"},{"key":"b10-jns141616","series-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2013.02.015","article-title":"Prevalence of breakthrough cancer pain: a systematic review and a pooled analysis of published literature","volume":"47","author":"Deandrea","year":"2014"},{"key":"b11-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.4.JNS091779","article-title":"Endoscopic-guided percutaneous radiofrequency cordotomy","volume":"113","author":"Fonoff","year":"2010"},{"key":"b12-jns141616","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-99370-5_12","article-title":"Endoscopic approaches to the spinal cord","volume":"108","author":"Fonoff","year":"2011"},{"key":"b13-jns141616","series-title":"Studie Ztschr ges Neurol Psychiat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02870563","article-title":"Die Vorderseitenstrangdurchschneidung beim Menschen. Eine klinischpatho-physiologisch-anatomische","volume":"138","author":"Foerster","year":"1932"},{"key":"b14-jns141616","series-title":"Bon-ica\u2019s Managements of Pain","first-page":"2023","article-title":"Neurosurgical operations on the spinal cord","author":"Garber","year":"2001"},{"key":"b15-jns141616","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E521","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000384047.03035.D5","article-title":"Computed tomography-guided percutaneous cordotomy","volume":"67","author":"Gilbert","year":"2010"},{"key":"b16-jns141616","series-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr","first-page":"258","article-title":"Ciliospinal reflex in man","volume":"34","author":"Henriques","year":"1976"},{"key":"b17-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1967.27.4.0320","article-title":"Somatotopic representation of the respiratory pathways in the cervical cord of man","volume":"27","author":"Hitchcock","year":"1967"},{"key":"b18-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.2.141","article-title":"Bilateral percutaneous cervical cordotomy: immediate and long-term results in 36 patients with neoplastic disease","volume":"47","author":"Ischia","year":"1984"},{"key":"b19-jns141616","series-title":"Youman\u2019s Neurological Surgery","first-page":"3059","article-title":"Cordotomy for pain","volume":"3","author":"Kanpolat","year":"2004"},{"key":"b20-jns141616","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2004.02.013","article-title":"The surgical treatment of chronic pain: destructive therapies in the spinal cord","volume":"15","author":"Kanpolat","year":"2004"},{"key":"b21-jns141616","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01476292","article-title":"CT-guided percutaneous selective cordotomy","volume":"123","author":"Kanpolat","year":"1993"},{"key":"b22-jns141616","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"81","article-title":"CT-guided percutaneous cordotomy for intractable pain in what is more than a disease: lung malignancies","volume":"23","author":"Kanpolat","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"b23-jns141616","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"e4","article-title":"Computerized tomography-guided percutaneous bilateral selective cordotomy","volume":"2","author":"Kanpolat","year":"1997"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"b24-jns141616","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"ons187","article-title":"Computed tomography-guided percutaneous cordotomy for intractable pain in malignancy","volume":"64","author":"Kanpolat","year":"2009"},{"key":"b25-jns141616","series-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2008.07.003","article-title":"Adhesive arachnoiditis following percutaneous cervical cordotomy\u2014may we still use lipiodol?","volume":"36","author":"Lukas","year":"2008"},{"key":"b26-jns141616","series-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1914","article-title":"Cancer pain and its impact on diagnosis, survival and quality of life","volume":"7","author":"Mantyh","year":"2006"},{"key":"b27-jns141616","series-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.450910.x","article-title":"Neurosurgical approaches to pain treatment","volume":"45","author":"Meyerson","year":"2001"},{"key":"b28-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1971.35.3.0360","article-title":"Percutaneous cordotomy","volume":"35","author":"Mullan","year":"1971"},{"key":"b29-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1963.20.11.0931","article-title":"Percutaneous interruption of spinal-pain tracts by means of a strontium90 needle","volume":"20","author":"Mullan","year":"1963"},{"key":"b30-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1965.22.6.0548","article-title":"Percutaneous, intramedullary cordotomy utilizing the unipolar anodal electrolytic lesion","volume":"22","author":"Mullan","year":"1965"},{"key":"b31-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2001.95.3.0425","article-title":"New pain following cordotomy: clinical features, mechanisms, and clinical importance","volume":"95","author":"Nagaro","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3 Suppl 1","key":"b32-jns141616","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"226","article-title":"Percutaneous computed tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation of upper spinal cord pain pathways for cancer-related pain","volume":"62","author":"Raslan","year":"2008"},{"key":"b33-jns141616","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1159\/000088992","article-title":"Percutaneous computed tomography-guided transdiscal low cervical cordotomy for cancer pain as a method to avoid sleep apnea","volume":"83","author":"Raslan","year":"2005"},{"key":"b34-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.6.JNS10119","article-title":"Destructive procedures for control of cancer pain: the case for cordotomy","volume":"114","author":"Raslan","year":"2011"},{"key":"b35-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.1.0041","article-title":"Bilateral percutaneous cervical radiofrequency cordotomy","volume":"31","author":"Rosomoff","year":"1969"},{"key":"b36-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1965.23.6.0639","article-title":"Percutaneous radiofrequency cervical cordotomy: technique","volume":"23","author":"Rosomoff","year":"1965"},{"key":"b37-jns141616","series-title":"The Management of Pain","first-page":"2067","article-title":"Neurosurgical operations on the spinal cord","author":"Rosomoff","year":"1990"},{"key":"b38-jns141616","series-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32830edafd","article-title":"Anesthesia for functional neurosurgery: the role of dexmedetomidine","volume":"21","author":"Rozet","year":"2008"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"b39-jns141616","series-title":"Clin Drug Investig","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2165\/11630050-000000000-00000","article-title":"The appropriate treatment of chronic pain","volume":"32","author":"Sarzi-Puttini","year":"2012"},{"key":"b40-jns141616","series-title":"Proceedings of the Fifth World Congress on Pain","first-page":"477","article-title":"Spinal cord ablation procedures for pain","author":"Sindou","year":"1988"},{"key":"b41-jns141616","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1489","article-title":"The treatment of persistent pain of organic origin in the lower part of the body by division of the anterolateral column of the spinal cord","volume":"58","author":"Spiller","year":"1912"},{"key":"b42-jns141616","series-title":"Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery","first-page":"2137","article-title":"Percutaneous cordotomy","author":"Tasker","year":"2009"},{"key":"b43-jns141616","series-title":"Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery","first-page":"1491","article-title":"Percutaneous cordotomy for persistent pain","author":"Tasker","year":"1998"},{"key":"b44-jns141616","series-title":"Textbook of Pain","first-page":"154","article-title":"Deafferentation and central pain","author":"Tasker","year":"1989"},{"key":"b45-jns141616","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.JNS11618","article-title":"Microendoscopic stereotactic-guided percutaneous radiofrequency trigeminal nucleotractotomy","volume":"116","author":"Teixeira","year":"2012"},{"key":"b46-jns141616","series-title":"Sensory Mechanisms of the Spinal Cord: Ascending Sensory Tracts and Their Descending Control","volume":"2","author":"Willis","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/2\/article-p389.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/2\/article-p389.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/2\/article-p389.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T09:58:46Z","timestamp":1709978326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/2\/article-p389.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.12.jns141616","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}