{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T13:27:49Z","timestamp":1774358869816,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Dr. John Howship, a pioneering British surgeon, described the clinical features and pathophysiology of various surgical disorders of the human body. His critical contributions to pediatric neurosurgery came in 1816 when he first described the features of an important childhood condition following head trauma, what he referred to as parietal bone absorption. This condition as depicted by Dr. Howship was soon to be christened by later scholars as traumatic cephalhydrocele, traumatic meningocele, leptomeningeal cyst, meningocele spuria, fibrosing osteitis, cerebrocranial erosion, and growing skull fracture. Nevertheless, the basic features of the condition as observed by Dr. Howship were virtually identical to the characteristics of the above-mentioned disorders. This article describes the life and accomplishments of Dr. Howship and his contributions to the current understanding of growing skull fracture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.12.peds14484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,17]],"date-time":"2015-07-17T13:58:48Z","timestamp":1437141528000},"page":"472-476","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["John Howship (1781\u20131841) and growing skull fracture: historical perspective"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shyamal C.","family":"Bir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piyush","family":"Kalakoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Notarianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-peds14484","series-title":"Some Points in the Surgery of the Brain and Its Membranes","author":"Ballance","year":"1907"},{"key":"b2-peds14484","series-title":"Arch Klin Chir","first-page":"398","article-title":"Ein Fall von Meningocele spuria cum fistula ventriculi cerebri","volume":"3","author":"Billroth","year":"1862"},{"key":"b3-peds14484","series-title":"Am J Med Sci","first-page":"103","article-title":"Traumatic cephalhydrocele: with a report of two 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pulsating subcutaneous tumour","volume":"36","author":"Godlee","year":"1885"},{"key":"b8-peds14484","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01411301","article-title":"Growing skull fractures: a clinical study of 41 patients","volume":"139","author":"Gupta","year":"1997"},{"key":"b9-peds14484","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199001000-00025","article-title":"Leptomeningeal cyst resulting from adulthood trauma: case report","volume":"26","author":"Halliday","year":"1990"},{"key":"b10-peds14484","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)67686-X","article-title":"On a case of fracture of skull, followed by pulsating fluid tumour of scalp, and escape of cerebro-spinal fluid","volume":"94","author":"Haward","year":"1869"},{"key":"b11-peds14484","series-title":"Practical Observations in Surgery, and Morbid Anatomy","author":"Howship","year":"1816"},{"key":"b12-peds14484","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1961.18.4.0479","article-title":"Growing skull fractures of childhood","volume":"18","author":"Lende","year":"1961"},{"key":"b13-peds14484","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.09.020","article-title":"Growing skull fracture in an adult nine years after blunt head trauma","volume":"18","author":"Leung","year":"2011"},{"key":"b14-peds14484","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.2.PEDS11538","article-title":"Growing skull fracture stages and treatment strategy","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2012"},{"key":"b15-peds14484","series-title":"Recovery Guys Hosp Rep","first-page":"363","article-title":"A case of fracture of the skull, followed by a collection of cerebro-spinal 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Cerebral Localization A Study of the Mechanism, Treatment and Prevention of Epileptic Seizures","author":"Penfield","year":"1941"},{"key":"b21-peds14484","series-title":"Zentralbl Neurochir","first-page":"1","article-title":"Growing skull fractures of childhood","volume":"13","author":"Pia","year":"1953"},{"key":"b22-peds14484","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1970.32.4.0427","article-title":"Rationale for surgery in growing fractures of the skull","volume":"32","author":"Ramamurthi","year":"1970"},{"key":"b23-peds14484","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"909","article-title":"Fracture of skull; effusion of cerebro-spinal fluid beneath the scalp; aspiration; recovery","volume":"1","author":"Reckitt","year":"1881"},{"key":"b24-peds14484","series-title":"Lehrbuch der pathologischen Anatomie","volume":"2","author":"Rokitansky","year":"1856"},{"key":"b25-peds14484","series-title":"Can Serv Med 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