{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:05:07Z","timestamp":1780131907936,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches (EEAs) to the skull base are increasingly being used to address a variety of skull base pathologies. Postoperative CSF leakage from the large skull base defects has been well described as one of the most common complications of EEAs. There are reports of associated formation of delayed subdural hematoma and tension pneumocephalus from approximately 1 week to 3 months postoperatively. However, there have been no reports of immediate complications of high-volume CSF leakage from EEA skull base surgery. The authors describe two cases of EEAs in which complications related to rapid, large-volume CSF egress through the skull base surgical defect were detected in the immediate postoperative period. Preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of these immediate complications are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.7.focus14294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]],"date-time":"2014-10-01T04:43:47Z","timestamp":1412138627000},"page":"E3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Immediate complications associated with high-flow cerebrospinal fluid egress during endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Edward E.","family":"Kerr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Prevedello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Departments of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Jamshidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo F.","family":"Ditzel Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley A.","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Departments of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L.","family":"Carrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Departments of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0370003","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"893","article-title":"Cranial subdural haematoma after spinal anaesthesia","volume":"86","author":"Acharya","year":"2001"},{"key":"b2-0370003","series-title":"Skull Base","first-page":"133","article-title":"Utilization of preoperative cerebrospinal fluid drain in skull base surgery","volume":"17","author":"Bien","year":"2007"},{"key":"b3-0370003","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"217","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid volume replacement following large endoscopic anterior cranial base resection","volume":"2","author":"Blount","year":"2012"},{"key":"b4-0370003","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","first-page":"496","article-title":"Subdural haematoma after endoscopic skull base surgery: case report and lesson learned","volume":"113","author":"Dallan","year":"2011"},{"key":"b5-0370003","series-title":"Head Neck","first-page":"12","article-title":"Complications of anterior craniofacial resection","volume":"21","author":"Dias","year":"1999"},{"key":"b6-0370003","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"1959","article-title":"Complications in skull base surgery for malignancy","volume":"109","author":"Donald","year":"1999"},{"key":"b7-0370003","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"970","article-title":"Transpterygoid transposition of a temporoparietal fascia flap: a new method for skull base reconstruction after endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches","volume":"117","author":"Fortes","year":"2007"},{"key":"b8-0370003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1361","article-title":"Cerebellar hemorrhage after spinal surgery: report of two cases and literature review","volume":"50","author":"Friedman","year":"2002"},{"key":"b9-0370003","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1327","article-title":"Remote cerebellar hemorrhage after supratentorial surgery","volume":"49","author":"Friedman","year":"2001"},{"key":"b10-0370003","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"1882","article-title":"A novel reconstructive technique after endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches: vascular pedicle nasoseptal flap","volume":"116","author":"Hadad","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1","key":"b11-0370003","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E8","article-title":"Evolution of reconstructive techniques 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