{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:31:03Z","timestamp":1787790663660,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"\n Object<\/jats:title>\n Patients suffering from cervical radiculopathy in whom a course of nonoperative treatment has failed are often candidates for a single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF). The objective of this analysis was to identify any significant cost differences between these surgical methods by comparing direct costs to the hospital. Furthermore, patient-specific characteristics were also considered for their effect on component costs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n After obtaining approval from the medical center institutional review board, the authors conducted a retrospective cross-sectional comparative cohort study, with a sample of 101 patients diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy and who underwent an initial single-level ACDF or minimally invasive PCF during a 3-year period. Using these data, bivariate analyses were conducted to determine significant differences in direct total procedure and component costs between surgical techniques. Factorial ANOVAs were also conducted to determine any relationship between patient sex and smoking status to the component costs per surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The mean total direct cost for an ACDF was $8192, and the mean total direct cost for a PCF was $4320. There were significant differences in the cost components for direct costs and operating room supply costs. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in component costs with regard to patient sex or smoking status.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n In the management of single-level cervical radiculopathy, the present analysis has revealed that the average cost of an ACDF is 89% more than a PCF. This increased cost is largely due to the cost of surgical implants. These results do not appear to be dependent on patient sex or smoking status. When combined with results from previous studies highlighting the comparable patient outcomes for either procedure, the authors' findings suggest that from a health care economics standpoint, physicians should consider a minimally invasive PCF in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.8.focus14373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T04:36:15Z","timestamp":1414816575000},"page":"E9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus minimally invasive posterior cervical foraminotomy for patients with cervical radiculopathy: a cost analysis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Haley E.","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Jeffrey","family":"Canar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Systems Management, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carter S.","family":"Gerard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"O'Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-focus14373","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","article-title":"Cost-utility analysis of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with plating (ACDFP) versus posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF) for patients with single-level cervical radiculopathy at 1-year follow-up","author":"Alvin","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2-focus14373","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"1989","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylosis","volume":"30","author":"Angevine","year":"2005"},{"key":"b3-focus14373","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"471","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion five years after surgery","volume":"38","author":"Carreon","year":"2013"},{"key":"b4-focus14373","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"5","article-title":"Same-segment and adjacent-segment disease following posterior cervical foraminotomy","volume":"6","author":"Clarke","year":"2007"},{"key":"b5-focus14373","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"504","article-title":"Posterior-lateral foraminotomy as an exclusive operative technique for cervical radiculopathy: a review of 846 consecutively operated cases","volume":"13","author":"Henderson","year":"1983"},{"key":"b6-focus14373","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"1026","article-title":"Surgical management of cervical soft disc herniation. A comparison between the anterior and posterior approach","volume":"15","author":"Herkowitz","year":"1990"},{"key":"b7-focus14373","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"347","article-title":"The posterior cervical foraminotomy in the treatment of cervical disc\/osteophyte disease: a single-surgeon experience with a minimum of 5 years' clinical and radiographic followup. Clinical article","volume":"10","author":"Jagannathan","year":"2009"},{"key":"b8-focus14373","series-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther","first-page":"279","article-title":"A nonsurgical approach to the management of patients with cervical radiculopathy: a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Murphy","year":"2006"},{"key":"b9-focus14373","series-title":"World Neurosurg","article-title":"Surgical complications of anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion for cervical degenerative disk disease: a single surgeon's experience of 1576 patients","author":"Nanda","year":"2013"},{"key":"b10-focus14373","series-title":"Rev Chir Orthop\u00e9dique R\u00e9paratrice Appar Mot","first-page":"296","article-title":"[Surgical treatment of cervical disk displacement. Anterior or posterior approach?]","volume":"81","author":"Onimus","year":"1995"},{"key":"b11-focus14373","series-title":"World Neurosurg","article-title":"Complications in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical degenerative disc disease","author":"Quintana","year":"2013"},{"key":"b12-focus14373","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"546","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis: comparing single-level cervical disc replacement and single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. 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