{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T09:38:14Z","timestamp":1789724294722,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors report different MRI patterns in patients with essential tremor (ET) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) after transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) and discuss possible causes of occasional MRgFUS failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Between March 2012 and August 2013, MRgFUS was used to perform unilateral thalamotomy in 11 ET patients and bilateral anterior limb capsulotomy in 6 OCD patients; in all patients symptoms were refractory to drug therapy. Sequential MR images were obtained in patients across a 6-month follow-up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>For OCD patients, lesion size slowly increased and peaked 1 week after treatment, after which lesion size gradually decreased. For ET patients, lesions were visible immediately after treatment and markedly reduced in size as time passed. In 3 ET patients and 1 OCD patient, there was no or little temperature rise (i.e., &lt; 52\u00b0C) during MRgFUS. Successful and failed patient groups showed differences in their ratio of cortical-to-bone marrow thickness (i.e., skull density).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors found different MRI pattern evolution after MRgFUS for white matter and gray matter. Their results suggest that skull characteristics, such as low skull density, should be evaluated prior to MRgFUS to successfully achieve thermal rise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.8.jns132603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,24]],"date-time":"2014-10-24T14:12:05Z","timestamp":1414159925000},"page":"162-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Different magnetic resonance imaging patterns after transcranial magnetic resonance\u2013guided focused ultrasound of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus and anterior limb of the internal capsule in patients with essential tremor or obsessive-compulsive disorder"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Hyun Ho","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won Seok","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itay","family":"Rachmilevitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InSightec, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Tlusty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InSightec, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Zadicario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InSightec, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Woo","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns132603","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","article-title":"Unilateral magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor: practices and clinicoradiological outcomes","author":"Chang","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2-jns132603","series-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2586(199908)10:2<146::AID-JMRI6>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Study of focused ultrasound tissue damage using MRI and histology","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"1999"},{"key":"b3-jns132603","series-title":"Magn Reson Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910300115","article-title":"Magnetic resonance-guided thermal surgery","volume":"30","author":"Cline","year":"1993"},{"key":"b4-jns132603","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000245606.99946.C6","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound for thermal ablation in the brain: a feasibility study in a swine model","volume":"60","author":"Cohen","year":"2007"},{"key":"b5-jns132603","series-title":"Phys Med Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/47\/22\/302","article-title":"A unified model for the speed of sound in cranial bone based on genetic algorithm optimization","volume":"47","author":"Connor","year":"2002"},{"key":"b6-jns132603","series-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880030313","article-title":"On-line monitoring of ultrasonic surgery with MR imaging","volume":"3","author":"Darkazanli","year":"1993"},{"key":"b7-jns132603","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.196.2.7617870","article-title":"Hyperacute thermal lesions: MR imaging evaluation of development in the brain","volume":"196","author":"Farahani","year":"1995"},{"key":"b8-jns132603","series-title":"Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1126\/science.122.3168.517","article-title":"Ultrasonic lesions in the mammalian central nervous system","volume":"122","author":"Fry","year":"1955"},{"key":"b9-jns132603","series-title":"Mol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.55","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the ventral internal capsule\/ventral striatum for obsessive-compulsive disorder: worldwide experience","volume":"15","author":"Greenberg","year":"2010"},{"key":"b10-jns132603","series-title":"Indiana Med","first-page":"469","article-title":"Ultrasound augmentation of central nervous system tumor therapy","volume":"78","author":"Heimburger","year":"1985"},{"key":"b11-jns132603","series-title":"Med Phys","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3395553","article-title":"Ultrasound focusing using magnetic resonance acoustic radiation force imaging: application to ultrasound transcranial therapy","volume":"37","author":"Hertzberg","year":"2010"},{"key":"b12-jns132603","series-title":"Magn Reson Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20118","article-title":"500-element ultrasound phased array system for noninvasive focal surgery of the brain: a preliminary rabbit study with ex vivo human skulls","volume":"52","author":"Hynynen","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"b13-jns132603","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.10.FOCUS11248","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic resonance imagingguided focused ultrasound: noninvasive central lateral thalamotomy for chronic neuropathic pain","volume":"32","author":"Jeanmonod","year":"2012"},{"key":"b14-jns132603","series-title":"Phys Med Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4981","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/14\/4981","article-title":"Transcranial passive acoustic mapping with hemispherical sparse arrays using CT-based skull-specific aberration corrections: a simulation study","volume":"58","author":"Jones","year":"2013"},{"key":"b15-jns132603","series-title":"J Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1962.sp006862","article-title":"A simple method for production of trackless focal lesions with focused ultrasound: physical factors","volume":"160","author":"Lele","year":"1962"},{"key":"b16-jns132603","series-title":"Lancet Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70048-6","article-title":"MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor: a proof-of-concept study","volume":"12","author":"Lipsman","year":"2013"},{"key":"b17-jns132603","series-title":"Med Phys","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3678988","article-title":"MR-guided adaptive focusing of therapeutic ultrasound beams in the human head","volume":"39","author":"Marsac","year":"2012"},{"key":"b18-jns132603","series-title":"Ann Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21801","article-title":"High-intensity focused ultrasound for noninvasive functional neurosurgery","volume":"66","author":"Martin","year":"2009"},{"key":"b19-jns132603","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.10.JNS12449","article-title":"Potential intracranial applications of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery. A review","volume":"118","author":"Monteith","year":"2013"},{"key":"b20-jns132603","series-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880080126","article-title":"Brain edema development after MRI-guided focused ultrasound treatment","volume":"8","author":"M\u00f3rocz","year":"1998"},{"key":"b21-jns132603","series-title":"Phys Med Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/56\/1\/014","article-title":"Multi-frequency characterization of the speed of sound and attenuation coefficient for longitudinal transmission of freshly excised human skulls","volume":"56","author":"Pichardo","year":"2011"},{"key":"b22-jns132603","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(02)00114-6","article-title":"Neuroimaging and neurocircuitry models pertaining to the neurosurgical treatment of psychiatric disorders","volume":"14","author":"Rauch","year":"2003"},{"key":"b23-jns132603","series-title":"J Chem Neuroanat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2003.09.003","article-title":"The nucleus accumbens: a target for deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive-and anxiety-disorders","volume":"26","author":"Sturm","year":"2003"},{"key":"b24-jns132603","series-title":"J Neurotrauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1369","article-title":"In vivo longitudinal MRI and behavioral studies in experimental spinal cord injury","volume":"27","author":"Sundberg","year":"2010"},{"key":"b25-jns132603","series-title":"Nat Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3045","article-title":"Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning","volume":"15","author":"Zatorre","year":"2012"},{"key":"b26-jns132603","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.12.029","article-title":"Comparative study of the sensitivity of ADC value and T2 relaxation time for early detection of Wallerian degeneration","volume":"79","author":"Zhang","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/122\/1\/article-p162.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/122\/1\/article-p162.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/122\/1\/article-p162.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T22:41:40Z","timestamp":1658702500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/122\/1\/article-p162.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.8.jns132603","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}