{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T12:50:57Z","timestamp":1783774257835,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"\nObject<\/jats:title>\nEndoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an alternative to ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus treatment. Choice of treatment options raises questions about which patients are likely to benefit from ETV. The authors performed a population-based analysis using an administrative claims database, examining current practice and outcomes for pediatric patients in the US.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods<\/jats:title>\nThe authors queried the MarketScan (Truven Health Analytics) database for Current Procedural Terminology codes corresponding to ETV and ventriculoperitoneal shunting from 2003 to 2011; they included patients 19 years or younger and extracted data from initial and subsequent hospitalizations. Hydrocephalus etiology was classified with ICD-9-CM coding. ETV failure was defined as any subsequent ETV or shunt procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nFive hundred one patients underwent ETV. Of these, 46% were female. The mean age was 8.7 \u00b1 6.4 years (\u00b1 SD). The mean follow-up was 1.9 \u00b1 1.8 years. Etiology of hydrocephalus was primarily tumor (41.7%) and congenital\/aqueductal stenosis (24.4%). ETV was successful in 354 patients (71%). The mean time to failure was 109.9 \u00b1 233 days. Of the 147 patients with ETV failure, 35 (24%) underwent repeat ETV and 112 (76%) had shunt placement. Patients in age groups 0 to < 6 months and 6 months to < 1 year had a significantly higher rate of ETV failure than those 10\u201319 years (HR 2.9, p = 0.05; and HR 2.3, p = 0.001, respectively). History of prior shunt was associated with higher risk of failure (HR 2.5, p < 0.001). There were no significant associations between hydrocephalus etiology and risk of failure. A second wave of failures occurred at 2.5\u20133.5 years postoperative in tumor and congenital\/aqueductal stenosis patients; this was not observed in other etiology groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusions<\/jats:title>\nThis study represents a cross-section of nationwide ETV practice over 9 years. ETV success was more likely among children 1 year and older and those with no history of prior shunt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.8.peds13680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T13:59:04Z","timestamp":1411135144000},"page":"455-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Pediatric endoscopic third ventriculostomy: a population-based study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sandi","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon G.","family":"Rocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra A.","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Social Sciences, University of Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-peds13680","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0335-4","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children younger than 2 years of age","volume":"23","author":"Baldauf","year":"2007"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"b2-peds13680","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"118","article-title":"Late rapid deterioration after endoscopic third ventriculostomy: additional cases and review of the literature","volume":"105","author":"Drake","year":"2006"},{"key":"b3-peds13680","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000255420.78431.E7","article-title":"Canadian Pediatric Neurosurgery Study Group: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in pediatric patients: the Canadian experience","volume":"60","author":"Drake","year":"2007"},{"key":"b4-peds13680","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.PEDS1166","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus: validation of a success score that predicts long-term outcome. 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