{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:23:45Z","timestamp":1794324225451,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Administrative billing data may facilitate large-scale assessments of treatment outcomes for pediatric Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I). Validated\n                      <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ICD-9-CM) code algorithms for identifying CM-I surgery are critical prerequisites for such studies but are currently only available for adults. The objective of this study was to validate two ICD-9-CM code algorithms using hospital billing data to identify pediatric patients undergoing CM-I decompression surgery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors retrospectively analyzed the validity of two ICD-9-CM code algorithms for identifying pediatric CM-I decompression surgery performed at 3 academic medical centers between 2001 and 2013. Algorithm 1 included any discharge diagnosis code of 348.4 (CM-I), as well as a procedure code of 01.24 (cranial decompression) or 03.09 (spinal decompression or laminectomy). Algorithm 2 restricted this group to the subset of patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of 348.4. The positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity of each algorithm were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 625 first-time admissions identified by Algorithm 1, the overall PPV for CM-I decompression was 92%. Among the 581 admissions identified by Algorithm 2, the PPV was 97%. The PPV for Algorithm 1 was lower in one center (84%) compared with the other centers (93%\u201394%), whereas the PPV of Algorithm 2 remained high (96%\u201398%) across all subgroups. The sensitivity of Algorithms 1 (91%) and 2 (89%) was very good and remained so across subgroups (82%\u201397%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An ICD-9-CM algorithm requiring a primary diagnosis of CM-I has excellent PPV and very good sensitivity for identifying CM-I decompression surgery in pediatric patients. These results establish a basis for utilizing administrative billing data to assess pediatric CM-I treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.10.peds15370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,22]],"date-time":"2016-01-22T10:40:53Z","timestamp":1453459253000},"page":"519-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Chiari malformation Type I surgery in pediatric patients. Part 1: validation of an ICD-9-CM code search algorithm"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Travis R.","family":"Ladner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee;\u00a0"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob K.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine,"},{"name":"Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chevis N.","family":"Shannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee;\u00a0"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chester K.","family":"Yarbrough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay F.","family":"Piccirillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard C. E.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil A.","family":"Feldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Wellons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee;\u00a0"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae Sung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David D.","family":"Limbrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-peds15370","series-title":"Med Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3181649439","article-title":"Comparison and validity of procedures coded With ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CA\/CCI","volume":"46","author":"De Coster","year":"2008"},{"key":"b2-peds15370","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.338","article-title":"Trends, major medical complications, and charges associated with surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis in older adults","volume":"303","author":"Deyo","year":"2010"},{"key":"b3-peds15370","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3171\/PED\/2008\/2\/7\/042","article-title":"Comparison of posterior fossa decompression with and without duraplasty for the surgical treatment of Chiari malformation Type I in pediatric patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Durham","year":"2008"},{"key":"b4-peds15370","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000048671.17249.4F","article-title":"Procedural coding of spinal surgeries (CPT-4 versus ICD-9-CM) and decisions regarding standards: a multicenter study","volume":"28","author":"Faciszewski","year":"2003"},{"key":"b5-peds15370","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31820206e5","article-title":"Correlation of functional outcome and natural history with clinicoradiological factors in surgically managed pediatric Chiari I malformation","volume":"68","author":"Furtado","year":"2011"},{"key":"b6-peds15370","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000777","article-title":"Complications and resource use associated with surgery for Chiari malformation Type 1 in adults: a population perspective","volume":"77","author":"Greenberg","year":"2015"},{"key":"b7-peds15370","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000778","article-title":"Validation of an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision Code algorithm for identifying Chiari malformation Type 1 surgery in adults","volume":"77","author":"Greenberg","year":"2015"},{"key":"b8-peds15370","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.9.JNS14406","article-title":"Outcome methods used in clinical studies of Chiari malformation Type I: a systematic review","volume":"122","author":"Greenberg","year":"2015"},{"key":"b9-peds15370","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","article-title":"Chiari malformation Type I surgery in pediatric patients. 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