{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T21:47:45Z","timestamp":1787694465619,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Visual field defects (VFDs) due to optic radiation (OR) injury are a common complication of temporal lobe surgery. The authors analyzed whether preoperative visualization of the optic tract would reduce this complication by influencing the surgeon\u2019s decisions about surgical approaches. The authors also determined whether white matter shifts caused by temporal lobe tumors would follow predetermined patterns based on the tumor\u2019s topography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>One hundred thirteen patients with intraaxial tumors of the temporal lobe underwent preoperative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fiber tracking. In 54 of those patients, both pre- and postoperative VFDs were documented using computerized perimetry. Brainlab\u2019s iPlan 2.5 navigation software was used for tumor reconstruction and fiber visualization after the fusion of DTI studies with their respective magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) images. The tracking algorithm was as follows: minimum fiber length 100 mm, fractional anisotropy threshold 0.1. The lateral geniculate body and the calcarine cortex were employed as tract seeding points. Shifts of the OR caused by tumor were visualized in comparison with the fiber tracking of the patient\u2019s healthy hemisphere.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Temporal tumors produced a dislocation of the OR but no apparent fiber destruction. The shift of white matter tracts followed fixed patterns dependent on tumor location: Temporolateral tumors resulted in a medial fiber shift, and thus a lateral transcortical approach is recommended. Temporopolar tumors led to a posterior shift, always including Meyer\u2019s loop; therefore, a pterional transcortical approach is recommended. Temporomesial tumors produced a lateral and superior shift; thus, a transsylvian-transcisternal approach will result in maximum sparing of the fibers. Temporocentric tumors also induced a lateral fiber shift. For those tumors, a transsylvian-transopercular approach is recommended. Tumors of the fusiform gyrus generated a superior (and lateral) shift; consequently, a subtemporal approach is recommended to avoid white matter injury. In applying the approaches recommended above, new or worsened VFDs occurred in 4% of the patient cohort. Total neurological and surgical morbidity were less than 10%. In 90% of patients, gross-total resection was accomplished.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Preoperative visualization of the OR may help in avoiding postoperative VFDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.jns141584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,2]],"date-time":"2015-10-02T10:00:00Z","timestamp":1443780000000},"page":"1343-1352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Distinct displacements of the optic radiation based on tumor location revealed using preoperative diffusion tensor imaging"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Katharina","family":"Faust","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vajkoczy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns141584","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0720-048X(02)00311-X","article-title":"In vivo MR tractography using diffusion imaging","volume":"45","author":"Bammer","year":"2003"},{"key":"b2-jns141584","series-title":"Magn Reson Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200010)44:4<625::AID-MRM17>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"In vivo fiber tractography using DT-MRI data","volume":"44","author":"Basser","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3-jns141584","series-title":"Neuroimage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.11.038","article-title":"Prediction of visual field deficits by diffusion tensor imaging in temporal lobe epilepsy surgery","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2009"},{"key":"b4-jns141584","series-title":"Hum Brain Mapp","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20101","article-title":"Optic radiation changes after optic neuritis detected by tractography-based group mapping","volume":"25","author":"Ciccarelli","year":"2005"},{"key":"b5-jns141584","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10422","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.18.10422","article-title":"Tracking neuronal fiber pathways in the living human brain","volume":"96","author":"Conturo","year":"1999"},{"key":"b6-jns141584","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01401969","article-title":"Neurosurgical topography of the optic radiation in the temporal lobe","volume":"92","author":"Ebeling","year":"1988"},{"key":"b7-jns141584","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-013-1917-4","article-title":"Approaches to temporal lobe lesions: a proposal for classification","volume":"156","author":"Faust","year":"2014"},{"key":"b8-jns141584","series-title":"Front Neuroanat","first-page":"15","article-title":"Reconstruction and dissection of the entire human visual pathway using diffusion tensor MRI","volume":"4","author":"Hofer","year":"2010"},{"key":"b9-jns141584","series-title":"Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1126\/science.819992","article-title":"Visual discrimination impaired by cutting temporal lobe connections","volume":"193","author":"Horel","year":"1976"},{"key":"b10-jns141584","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.1.167","article-title":"Visual field defects after temporal lobe resection: a prospective quantitative analysis","volume":"53","author":"Hughes","year":"1999"},{"key":"b11-jns141584","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"356","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter: a pictorial review of physics, fiber tract anatomy, and tumor imaging patterns","volume":"25","author":"Jellison","year":"2004"},{"key":"b12-jns141584","series-title":"Br J Ophthalmol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.8.884","article-title":"Anatomy of optic nerve radiations as assessed by static perimetry and MRI after tailored temporal lobectomy","volume":"84","author":"Krolak-Salmon","year":"2000"},{"key":"b13-jns141584","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fb44db","article-title":"Changes in fiber tract integrity and visual fields after anterior temporal lobectomy","volume":"75","author":"McDonald","year":"2010"},{"key":"b14-jns141584","series-title":"NMR Biomed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.781","article-title":"Fiber tracking: principles and strategies - 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