{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:41:29Z","timestamp":1792676489482,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Donor-side morbidity associated with contralateral C-7 (CC7) nerve transfer remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional deficits in the donor limb resulting from prespinal route CC7 nerve transfer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 63 patients were included. Forty-one patients had undergone CC7 nerve transfer surgery at least 6 months previously and were assigned to one of 2 groups based on the duration of postoperative follow-up. Group 1 (n = 21) consisted of patients who had undergone surgery between 6 months and 2 years previously, and Group 2 (n = 20) consisted of patients who had undergone surgery more than 2 years previously. An additional 22 patients who underwent CC7 nerve transfer surgery later than those in Groups 1 and 2 were included as a control group (Group 3). Results of preoperative testing in these patients and postoperative testing in Groups 1 and 2 were compared. Testing included subjective assessments and objective examinations. An additional 3 patients had undergone surgery more than 6 months previously but had severe motor weakness and were therefore evaluated separately; these 3 patients were not included in any of the study groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The revised Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) was the only subjective test that showed a significant difference between Group 3 and the other 2 groups, while no significant differences were found in objective sensory, motor, or dexterity outcomes. The interval from injury to surgery for patients with a normal SF-MPQ-2 score in Groups 1 and 2 was significantly less than for those with abnormal SF-MFQ-2 scores (2.4 \u00b1 1.1 months vs 4.6 \u00b1 2.9 months, p = 0.002). The 3 patients with obvious motor weakness showed a tendency to gradually recover.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Although some patients suffered from long-term sensory disturbances, resection of the C-7 nerve had little effect on the function of the donor limb. Shortening preoperative delay time can improve sensory recovery of the donor limb.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.jns142213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,11]],"date-time":"2015-09-11T14:07:34Z","timestamp":1441980454000},"page":"1434-1441","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Donor-side morbidity after contralateral C-7 nerve transfer: results at a minimum of 6 months after surgery"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Xiang-Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Tao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben-Gang","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Qiang","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery and Orthopedic Trauma, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns142213","series-title":"Pain","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00413-4","article-title":"Neuropathic pain after C7 spinal nerve transection in man","volume":"96","author":"Ali","year":"2002"},{"key":"b2-jns142213","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.7.JNS11672","article-title":"C5\u20138 brachial plexus root injury: the \u201cT-1 hand\u201d","volume":"116","author":"Bertelli","year":"2012"},{"key":"b3-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.05.013","article-title":"Contralateral C7 transfer for the treatment of brachial plexus root avulsions in children - a report of 12 cases","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2007"},{"key":"b4-jns142213","series-title":"Br J Plast Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1054\/bjps.1997.0193","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of C7 spinal nerve transection: 21 patients with at least 2 years\u2019 follow-up","volume":"51","author":"Chuang","year":"1998"},{"key":"b5-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.10.014","article-title":"Minimum 4-year follow-up on contralateral C7 nerve transfers for brachial plexus injuries","volume":"37","author":"Chuang","year":"2012"},{"key":"b6-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(98)80042-7","article-title":"Reliability and validity testing of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire","volume":"23","author":"Chung","year":"1998"},{"key":"b7-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(96)80319-4","article-title":"Long-term follow-up evaluation of cold sensitivity following nerve injury","volume":"21","author":"Collins","year":"1996"},{"key":"b8-jns142213","series-title":"Rheumatol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-007-0420-8","article-title":"Relative validity of the modified American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (M-ASES) questionnaire using item response theory","volume":"28","author":"Cook","year":"2008"},{"key":"b9-jns142213","series-title":"Pain","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.02.007","article-title":"Development and initial validation of an expanded and revised version of the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2)","volume":"144","author":"Dworkin","year":"2009"},{"key":"b10-jns142213","series-title":"Microsurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20972","article-title":"Outcome models in peripheral nerve repair: time for a reappraisal or for a novel?","volume":"32","author":"Galanakos","year":"2012"},{"key":"b11-jns142213","series-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1097\/00029330-200707010-00001","article-title":"Contralateral C7 root transfer over the last 20 years in China","volume":"120","author":"Gu","year":"2007"},{"key":"b12-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Br","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(94)90052-3","article-title":"Distribution of the sensory endings of the C7 nerve root and its clinic significance","volume":"19","author":"Gu","year":"1994"},{"key":"b13-jns142213","series-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1006902","article-title":"Long-term functional results of contralateral C7 transfer","volume":"14","author":"Gu","year":"1998"},{"key":"b14-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Br","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(05)80235-9","article-title":"Seventh cervical nerve root transfer from the contralateral healthy side for treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion","volume":"17","author":"Gu","year":"1992"},{"key":"b15-jns142213","series-title":"Eur J Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05737.x","article-title":"Sensory nerves have altered function contralateral to a monoarthritis and may contribute to the symmetrical spread of inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Kelly","year":"2007"},{"key":"b16-jns142213","series-title":"Muscles Testing and function","first-page":"179","author":"Kendall","year":"1993"},{"key":"b17-jns142213","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"349","article-title":"The function of the hand after operations for obstetric injuries to the brachial plexus","volume":"90","author":"Kirjavainen","year":"2008"},{"key":"b18-jns142213","series-title":"J Spinal Cord Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1179\/107902611X13186000420242","article-title":"Reference for the 2011 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"34","author":"Kirshblum","year":"2011"},{"key":"b19-jns142213","series-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-20-08-506","article-title":"Nerve transfers for the upper extremity: new horizons in nerve reconstruction","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2012"},{"key":"b20-jns142213","series-title":"Muscle Nerve","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23864","article-title":"C7 nerve root sensory distribution in peripheral nerves: a bold functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation at 9.4 T","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"2014"},{"key":"b21-jns142213","series-title":"Microsurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20911","article-title":"Electrophysiological study of the dominant motor innervation to the extensor digitorum communis muscle and long head of triceps brachii at posterior divisions of brachial plexus","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2011"},{"key":"b22-jns142213","series-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000230","article-title":"Neurologic deficit and recovery in the donor limb following cross-C7 transfer in brachial-plexus injury","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"1997"},{"key":"b23-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Br","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1054\/JHSB.2001.0665","article-title":"The prespinal route in contralateral C7 nerve root transfer for brachial plexus avulsion injuries","volume":"27","author":"Mcguiness","year":"2002"},{"key":"b24-jns142213","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00110","article-title":"Biomedical and psychosocial factors associated with disability after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"93","author":"Novak","year":"2011"},{"key":"b25-jns142213","series-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000132","article-title":"A comparison of five tests for determining hand sensibility","volume":"15","author":"Patel","year":"1999"},{"key":"b26-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2000.6458","article-title":"A model instrument for the documentation of outcome after nerve repair","volume":"25","author":"Ros\u00e9n","year":"2000"},{"key":"b27-jns142213","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01075","article-title":"Hemi-contralateral C7 transfer in traumatic brachial plexus injuries: outcomes and complications","volume":"94","author":"Sammer","year":"2012"},{"key":"b28-jns142213","series-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg397","article-title":"A review of contralateral responses to a unilateral inflammatory lesion","volume":"42","author":"Shenker","year":"2003"},{"key":"b29-jns142213","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52230","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052230","article-title":"Effects on contralateral muscles after unilateral electrical muscle stimulation and exercise","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2012"},{"key":"b30-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2001.27764","article-title":"Hemi-contralateral C7 transfer to median nerve in the treatment of root avulsion brachial plexus injury","volume":"26","author":"Songcharoen","year":"2001"},{"key":"b31-jns142213","series-title":"Microsurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2752(1999)19:6<287::AID-MICR6>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Sensory abnormalities after the seventh cervical nerve root transfer","volume":"19","author":"Sungpet","year":"1999"},{"key":"b32-jns142213","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31819ba48a","article-title":"Selective contralateral C7 transfer in posttraumatic brachial plexus injuries: a report of 56 cases","volume":"123","author":"Terzis","year":"2009"},{"key":"b33-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Surg Br","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1054\/JHSB.1999.0264","article-title":"Clinical results of contralateral C7 root neurotization to the median nerve in brachial plexus injuries with total root avulsions","volume":"24","author":"Waikakul","year":"1999"},{"key":"b34-jns142213","series-title":"Clin J Pain","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181a68c64","article-title":"Quantitative sensory testing and mapping: a review of nonautomated quantitative methods for examination of the patient with neuropathic pain","volume":"25","author":"Walk","year":"2009"},{"key":"b35-jns142213","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00039","article-title":"Contralateral C7 nerve transfer with direct coaptation to restore lower trunk function after traumatic brachial plexus avulsion","volume":"95","author":"Wang","year":"2013"},{"key":"b36-jns142213","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000324729.03588.BA","article-title":"Contralateral C7 transfer via the prespinal and retropharyngeal route to repair brachial plexus root avulsion: a preliminary report","volume":"63","author":"Xu","year":"2008"},{"key":"b37-jns142213","series-title":"J Hand Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2008.11.004","article-title":"A narrative review of dexterity assessments","volume":"22","author":"Yancosek","year":"2009"},{"key":"b38-jns142213","series-title":"J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj","first-page":"10","article-title":"Contralateral C7 nerve transfer - our experiences over past 25 years","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2011"},{"key":"b39-jns142213","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182486b35","article-title":"Spinal nerve origins of the muscular branches of the radial nerve: an electrophysiological study","volume":"70","author":"Zhang","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/5\/article-p1434.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/5\/article-p1434.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/5\/article-p1434.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T09:55:58Z","timestamp":1709978158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/124\/5\/article-p1434.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2015.3.jns142213","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}}}