{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T05:48:31Z","timestamp":1771307311055,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Typical hemifacial spasm (HFS) commonly initiates from the orbicularis oculi muscle to the orbicularis oris muscle. Atypical HFS (AHFS) is different from typical HFS, in which the spasm of muscular orbicularis oris is the primary presenting symptom. The objective of this study was to analyze the sites of compression and the effectiveness of microvascular decompression (MVD) for AHFS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical data for 12 consecutive patients who underwent MVD for AHFS between July 2008 and July 2013.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Postoperatively, complete remission of facial spasm was found in 10 of the 12 patients, which gradually disappeared after 2 months in 2 patients. No recurrence of spasm was observed during follow-up. Immediate postoperative facial paralysis accompanied by hearing loss occurred in 1 patient and temporary hearing loss with tinnitus in 2. All 3 patients with complications had gradual improvement during the follow-up period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors conclude that most cases of AHFS were caused by neurovascular compression on the posterior\/rostral side of the facial nerve distal to the root entry zones. MVD is a safe treatment for AHFS, but the incidence of postoperative complications, such as facial paralysis and decrease in hearing, remains high.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.jns142501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,4]],"date-time":"2015-09-04T13:59:26Z","timestamp":1441375166000},"page":"397-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Microvascular decompression for atypical hemifacial spasm: lessons learned from a retrospective study of 12 cases"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Jiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Li","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Ju","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-Bing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns142501","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.82.2.0201","article-title":"Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm","volume":"82","author":"Barker","year":"1995"},{"key":"b2-jns142501","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1947.4.4.0342","article-title":"Hemifacial spasm; a note on the etiology in two cases","volume":"4","author":"Campbell","year":"1947"},{"key":"b3-jns142501","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1159\/000064620","article-title":"Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: a long-term follow-up of 1, 169 consecutive cases","volume":"77","author":"Chung","year":"2001"},{"key":"b4-jns142501","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1962.19.11.0947","article-title":"Concerning the mechanism of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm","volume":"19","author":"Gardner","year":"1962"},{"key":"b5-jns142501","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS-07\/07\/0216","article-title":"Arterial compression of the trigeminal nerve at the pons in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. 1967","volume":"107","author":"Jannetta","year":"2007"},{"key":"b6-jns142501","series-title":"Neurochirurgia (Stuttg)","first-page":"145","article-title":"Observations on the etiology of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, acoustic nerve dysfunction and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. 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