{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:44:33Z","timestamp":1790387073965,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tinnitus can be distressful, and tinnitus distress has been linked to increased beta oscillatory activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). The amount of distress is linked to alpha activity in the medial temporal lobe (amygdala and parahippocampal area), as well as the subgenual (sg)ACC and insula, and the functional connectivity between the parahippocampal area and the sgACC at 10 and 11.5 Hz.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>The authors describe 2 patients with very severely distressing intractable tinnitus who underwent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with a double-cone coil targeting the dACC and subsequent implantation of electrodes on the dACC. One of the patients responded to the implant and one did not, even though phenomenologically they both expressed the same tinnitus loudness and distress.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>The responder has remained dramatically improved for more than 2 years with 6-Hz burst stimulation of the dACC. The 2 patients differed in functional connectivity between the area of the implant and a tinnitus network consisting of the parahippocampal area as well as the sgACC and insula; that is, the responder had increased functional connectivity between these areas, whereas the nonresponder had decreased functional connectivity between these areas. Only the patient with increased functional connectivity linked to the target area of repetitive TMS or implantation might transmit the stimulation current to the entire tinnitus network and thus clinically improve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.jns142880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]],"date-time":"2015-08-28T15:50:23Z","timestamp":1440777023000},"page":"893-901","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Anterior cingulate implants for tinnitus: report of 2 cases"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Dirk","family":"De Ridder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Joos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Vanneste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Auditory & Integrative Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns142880","series-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)31266-0","article-title":"Tinnitus treatment with acamprosate: double\u2013blind study","volume":"71","author":"Azevedo","year":"2005"},{"key":"b2-jns142880","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000321","article-title":"Targeting the affective component of chronic pain: a case series of deep brain stimulation of the anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"74","author":"Boccard","year":"2014"},{"key":"b3-jns142880","series-title":"Brain Topogr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-009-0113-6","article-title":"On the \u201cdependence\u201d of \u201cindependent\u201d group EEG sources; an EEG study on two large databases","volume":"23","author":"Congedo","year":"2010"},{"key":"b4-jns142880","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2004.100.3.0560","article-title":"Magnetic and electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex for intractable tinnitus. 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