{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T19:56:04Z","timestamp":1793044564718,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The dentatorubrothalamic tract (DRTT) is the major efferent cerebellar pathway arising from the dentate nucleus (DN) and decussating to the contralateral red nucleus (RN) and thalamus. Surprisingly, hemispheric cerebellar output influences bilateral limb movements. In animals, uncrossed projections from the DN to the ipsilateral RN and thalamus may explain this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to clarify the anatomy of the dentatorubrothalamic connections in humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors applied advanced deterministic fiber tractography to a template of 488 subjects from the Human Connectome Project (Q1\u2013Q3 release, WU-Minn HCP consortium) and validated the results with microsurgical dissection of cadaveric brains prepared according to Klingler\u2019s method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors identified the \u201cclassic\u201d decussating DRTT and a corresponding nondecussating path (the nondecussating DRTT, nd-DRTT). Within each of these 2 tracts some fibers stop at the level of the RN, forming the dentatorubro tract and the nondecussating dentatorubro tract. The left nd-DRTT encompasses 21.7% of the tracts and 24.9% of the volume of the left superior cerebellar peduncle, and the right nd-DRTT encompasses 20.2% of the tracts and 28.4% of the volume of the right superior cerebellar peduncle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The connections of the DN with the RN and thalamus are bilateral, not ipsilateral only. This affords a potential anatomical substrate for bilateral limb motor effects originating in a single cerebellar hemisphere under physiological conditions, and for bilateral limb motor impairment in hemispheric cerebellar lesions such as ischemic stroke and hemorrhage, and after resection of hemispheric tumors and arteriovenous malformations. Furthermore, when a lesion is located on the course of the dentatorubrothalamic system, a careful preoperative tractographic analysis of the relationship of the DRTT, nd-DRTT, and the lesion should be performed in order to tailor the surgical approach properly and spare all bundles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.4.jns142741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]],"date-time":"2015-10-09T14:00:25Z","timestamp":1444399225000},"page":"1406-1412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["The nondecussating pathway of the dentatorubrothalamic tract in humans: human connectome-based tractographic study and microdissection validation"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Meola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pisa, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayhan","family":"Comert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center;"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Cheng","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sananthan","family":"Sivakanthan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Fernandez-Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-jns142741","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000293","article-title":"The dentate nucleus and its projection system in the human cerebellum: the dentate nucleus microsurgical anatomical study","volume":"74","author":"Akakin","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2-jns142741","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.6.1304","article-title":"Ipsilateral motor responses to focal transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy subjects and acute-stroke patients","volume":"32","author":"Alagona","year":"2001"},{"key":"b3-jns142741","series-title":"Neuroimage","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.04.008","article-title":"Optimal imaging parameters for fiber-orientation estimation in diffusion MRI","volume":"27","author":"Alexander","year":"2005"},{"key":"b4-jns142741","series-title":"Brain Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(96)00899-2","article-title":"Bilateral contributions to motor recovery in the monkey following lesions of the deep cerebellar nuclei","volume":"740","author":"Amrani","year":"1996"},{"key":"b5-jns142741","series-title":"Biol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.01.003","article-title":"The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia","volume":"64","author":"Andreasen","year":"2008"},{"key":"b6-jns142741","series-title":"J Comp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19961216)376:3<420::AID-CNE5>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Ramification and termination of single axons in the cerebellothalamic pathway of the rat","volume":"376","author":"Aumann","year":"1996"},{"key":"b7-jns142741","series-title":"Exp Brain Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00238106","article-title":"Participation of the cerebellar dentate nucleus in the control of a goal-directed movement in monkeys. 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