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Four illustrative cases demonstrate the efficacy of using the testing platform to administer sophisticated language paradigms, and the spatial agreement between intraoperative mapping and preoperative fMRI results. The testing platform substantially improved the ability of the surgeon to detect and characterize language deficits. Use of a written word generation task to assess language production helped confirm areas of speech apraxia and speech arrest that were inadequately characterized or missed with the use of traditional paradigms, respectively. Preoperative fMRI of the analogous writing task was also assistive, displaying excellent spatial agreement with intraoperative mapping in all 4 cases. Sole use of traditional testing paradigms can be limiting during awake craniotomy procedures. Comprehensive assessment of language function will require additional use of more sophisticated and ecologically valid testing paradigms. The platform presented here provides a means to do so.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.4.jns15312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,16]],"date-time":"2015-10-16T16:11:26Z","timestamp":1445011886000},"page":"938-944","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A novel tablet computer platform for advanced language mapping during awake craniotomy procedures"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto;"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco M.","family":"Garavaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laleh","family":"Golestanirad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. 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