{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T19:59:57Z","timestamp":1783713597121,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECT<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Combining endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) with choroid plexus cauterization (CPC) has been shown to improve the success rate compared with ETV alone in infants (less than 24 months) with hydrocephalus who were treated in developing countries. The authors sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this procedure, using a rigid neuroendoscope, in a single North American center, and to assess whether the ETV success score (ETVSS), the CURE Children\u2019s Hospital of Uganda ETVSS (CCHU ETVSS), and other pre- and intraoperative variables could predict success.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors performed a retrospective review of consecutive ETV\/CPC procedures performed using a rigid neuroendoscope to treat infantile hydrocephalus. The infants underwent the procedure at Miami Children\u2019s Hospital between January 2007 and 2014, with at least one postoperative follow-up. Duration of follow-up or time to failure of ETV\/CPC, the primary outcome measure, was documented. A repeat CSF diversion procedure or death was considered as a failure of ETV\/CPC. The time to event was measured using a Kaplan-Meier analysis. The authors analyzed ETVSS, CCHU ETVSS, and pre- and intraoperative variables to determine their suitability to predict success.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Eighty-five patients (45 boys) with a mean age of 4.3 months (range 1 day to 20 months) underwent ETV\/CPC. Etiology included intraventricular hemorrhage of prematurity in 44 patients (51.7%), myelomeningocele (MMC) in 7 (8.2%), congenital aqueductal stenosis in 12 (14.1%), congenital communicating hydrocephalus in 6 (7.1%), Dandy-Walker complex in 6 (7.1%), postinfectious hydrocephalus in 5 (5.8%), and other cause in 5 (5.8%). Six procedure-related complications occurred in 5 (5.8%) patients, including 2 hygromas, 1 CSF leak, and 3 infections. There were 3 mortalities in this cohort. ETV\/CPC was successful in 42.1%, 37.7%, and 36.8% of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, respectively. The median (95% CI) time to ETV\/CPC failure was 4.0 months (0.9\u20137.1 months). In univariate analyses, both the ETVSS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.03; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.05; p = 0.004) and CCHU ETVSS (HR 1.48; 95% CI 1.04\u20132.09; p = .028) were predictive of outcome following ETV\/CPC. In multivariate analysis, the presence of prepontine scarring was associated with ETV\/CPC failure (HR 0.34; 95% CI 0.19\u20130.63; p &lt; 0.001). Other variables, such as radiological criteria (prepontine interval, prepontine space, aqueductal stenosis, Third Ventricular Morphology Index) and intraoperative findings (ventriculostomy pulsations, extent of CPC), did not predict outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>ETV\/CPC is a feasible alternative to ETV and ventriculoperitoneal shunt in infants with hydrocephalus. Both the ETVSS and CCHU ETVSS predicted success following ETV\/CPC in this single-center North American cohort of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.5.peds14692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,30]],"date-time":"2015-10-30T13:58:57Z","timestamp":1446213537000},"page":"163-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization with a rigid neuroendoscope in infants with hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Alexander G.","family":"Weil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aria","family":"Fallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parthasarathi","family":"Chamiraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Ragheb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjiv","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0335-4","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in children younger than 2 years of age","volume":"23","author":"Baldauf","year":"2007"},{"key":"b2-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.PEDS14228","article-title":"Early outcome of combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization in childhood hydrocephalus","volume":"15","author":"Bankole","year":"2015"},{"key":"b3-peds14692","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1597","article-title":"Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilazad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Results of the Third National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Randomized Controlled Trial National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study","volume":"277","author":"Bracken","year":"1997"},{"key":"b4-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000028693","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients less than 1 year old","volume":"29","author":"Buxton","year":"1998"},{"key":"b5-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.12.PEDS13219","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity","volume":"13","author":"Chamiraju","year":"2014"},{"key":"b6-peds14692","series-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65","DOI":"10.1038\/mtna.2012.57","article-title":"Pharmacological characterization of a novel ENaCa siRNA (GSK2225745) with potential for the treatment of cystic fibrosis","volume":"2","author":"Clark","year":"2013"},{"key":"b7-peds14692","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199808000-00068","article-title":"Randomized trial of cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve design in pediatric hydrocephalus","volume":"43","author":"Drake","year":"1998"},{"key":"b8-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-008-0761-y","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus ventriculoperitoneal shunt in pediatric patients: a decision analysis","volume":"25","author":"Drake","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.PEDS1166","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus: validation of a success score that predicts long-term outcome","volume":"8","author":"Durnford","year":"2011"},{"key":"b10-peds14692","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1202282","article-title":"Hydrocephalus in infants less than six months of age: effectiveness of endoscopic third ventriculostomy","volume":"19","author":"Faggin","year":"2009"},{"key":"b11-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-012-1961-z","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy in hydrocephalic children under 2 years of age: appropriate or not? A single-center retrospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Fani","year":"2013"},{"key":"b12-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.1.PEDS10461","article-title":"Third ventricular shape: a predictor of endoscopic third ventriculostomy success in pediatric patients","volume":"7","author":"Foroughi","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"b13-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"50","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in infants","volume":"103","author":"Fritsch","year":"2005"},{"key":"b14-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1159\/000324913","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in obstructive infantile hydrocephalus: remarks about the so-called \u2019unsuccessful cases\u2019","volume":"46","author":"Gallo","year":"2010"},{"key":"b15-peds14692","series-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol","first-page":"286","article-title":"The effect of intracranial pressure on myelination and the relationship with neurodevelopment in infantile hydrocephalus","volume":"39","author":"Hanlo","year":"1997"},{"key":"b16-peds14692","series-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2015.57.2.119","article-title":"The efficacy analysis of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in infantile hydrocephalus","volume":"57","author":"He","year":"2015"},{"key":"b17-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000050406","article-title":"The impact of endoscopic third ventriculostomy on the management of newly diagnosed hydrocephalus in infants","volume":"35","author":"Javadpour","year":"2001"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b18-peds14692","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"614","article-title":"Long-term reliability of endoscopic third ventriculostomy","volume":"62","author":"Kadrian","year":"2008"},{"key":"b19-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1159\/000055960","article-title":"Long-term follow-up data from the Shunt Design Trial","volume":"33","author":"Kestle","year":"2000"},{"key":"b20-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-004-0958-7","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in infants of less than 1 year of age: which factors influence the outcome?","volume":"20","author":"Koch","year":"2004"},{"key":"b21-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-006-0191-7","article-title":"Success and failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in young infants: are there different age distributions?","volume":"22","author":"Koch-Wiewrodt","year":"2006"},{"key":"b22-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.6.0915","article-title":"Imaging correlates of successful endoscopic third ventriculostomy","volume":"92","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2000"},{"key":"b23-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000028836","article-title":"Measurement of ventricular size: reliability of the frontal and occipital horn ratio compared to subjective assessment","volume":"31","author":"Kulkarni","year":"1999"},{"key":"b24-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.8.PEDS103","article-title":"Predicting who will benefit from endoscopic third ventriculostomy compared with shunt insertion in childhood hydrocephalus using the ETV Success Score","volume":"6","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2010"},{"key":"b25-peds14692","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000373199.79462.21","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy vs cerebrospinal fluid shunt in the treatment of hydrocephalus in children: a propensity score-adjusted analysis","volume":"67","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2010"},{"key":"b26-peds14692","series-title":"J Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.02.048","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus","volume":"155","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2009"},{"key":"b27-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-009-0983-7","article-title":"Quality of life in obstructive hydrocephalus: endoscopic third ventriculostomy compared to cerebrospinal fluid shunt","volume":"26","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2010"},{"key":"b28-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.11.PEDS10296","article-title":"Use of the ETV Success Score to explain the variation in reported endoscopic third ventriculostomy success rates among published case series of childhood hydrocephalus","volume":"7","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2011"},{"key":"b29-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.6.PEDS13492","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization in infants with hydrocephalus: a retrospective Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network study","volume":"14","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2014"},{"key":"b30-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-010-1195-x","article-title":"Surgery for hydrocephalus in sub-Saharan Africa versus developed nations: a risk-adjusted comparison of outcome","volume":"26","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2010"},{"key":"b31-peds14692","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199711000-00015","article-title":"Outcome for preterm infants with germinal matrix hemorrhage and progressive hydrocephalus","volume":"41","author":"Levy","year":"1997"},{"key":"b32-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.PEDS1145","article-title":"Evaluating the Children\u2019s Hospital of Alabama endoscopic third ventriculostomy experience using the Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Success Score: an external validation study","volume":"8","author":"Naftel","year":"2011"},{"key":"b33-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1159\/000028730","article-title":"Frontal and occipital horn ratio: A linear estimate of ventricular size for multiple imaging modalities in pediatric hydrocephalus","volume":"29","author":"O\u2019Hayon","year":"1998"},{"key":"b34-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-009-1019-z","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus in children younger than 6 months of age","volume":"26","author":"Ogiwara","year":"2010"},{"key":"b35-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.6.PEDS1438","article-title":"Obliteration of the choroid plexus after endoscopic coagulation","volume":"14","author":"Ogiwara","year":"2014"},{"key":"b36-peds14692","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199504000-00009","article-title":"The role of endoscopic choroid plexus coagulation in the management of hydrocephalus","volume":"36","author":"Pople","year":"1995"},{"key":"b37-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00573851","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcome of hydrocephalus following intra-\/periventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants: short-and long-term results","volume":"12","author":"Resch","year":"1996"},{"key":"b38-peds14692","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1159\/000339850","article-title":"Endoscopic choroid plexus coagulation in infants with hydranencephaly or hydrocephalus with a minimal cortical mantle","volume":"48","author":"Sandberg","year":"2012"},{"key":"b39-peds14692","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00593338","article-title":"Spontaneous closure of an intracranial middle cerebral arteriovenous fistula","volume":"33","author":"Santosh","year":"1991"},{"key":"b40-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.3.PEDS13488","article-title":"Choroid plexus coagulation in infants with extreme hydrocephalus or hydranencephaly","volume":"14","author":"Shitsama","year":"2014"},{"key":"b41-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.4.PEDS1450","article-title":"Combined choroid plexus coagulation and endoscopic third ventriculostomy: is North America ready?","volume":"14","author":"Souweidane","year":"2014"},{"key":"b42-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.PEDS09187","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with a diminished prepontine interval","volume":"5","author":"Souweidane","year":"2010"},{"key":"b43-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-004-0939-x","article-title":"Changes in ventricular volume in hydrocephalic children following successful endoscopic third ventriculostomy","volume":"20","author":"St George","year":"2004"},{"key":"b44-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.7.PEDS14152","article-title":"Combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization as primary treatment for infant hydrocephalus: a prospective North American series","volume":"14","author":"Stone","year":"2014"},{"key":"b45-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.11.PEDS09197","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients younger than 2 years: outcome analysis of 41 hydrocephalus cases","volume":"5","author":"Sufianov","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"b46-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"475","article-title":"Comparison of endoscopic third ventriculostomy alone and combined with choroid plexus cauterization in infants younger than 1 year of age: a prospective study in 550 African children","volume":"103","author":"Warf","year":"2005"},{"key":"b47-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-013-2072-1","article-title":"Congenital idiopathic hydrocephalus of infancy: the results of treatment by endoscopic third ventriculostomy with or without choroid plexus cauterization and suggestions for how it works","volume":"29","author":"Warf","year":"2013"},{"key":"b48-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.9.PEDS1236","article-title":"Shunt survival after failed endoscopic treatment of hydrocephalus","volume":"10","author":"Warf","year":"2012"},{"key":"b49-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3171\/PED.2008.2.11.310","article-title":"Combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization as primary treatment of hydrocephalus for infants with myelomeningocele: long-term results of a prospective intent-to-treat study in 115 East African infants","volume":"2","author":"Warf","year":"2008"},{"key":"b50-peds14692","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-011-1475-0","article-title":"Initial experience with combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization for post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity: the importance of prepontine cistern status and the predictive value of FIESTA MRI imaging","volume":"27","author":"Warf","year":"2011"},{"key":"b51-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.7.PEDS1198","article-title":"Management of Dandy-Walker complex-associated infant hydrocephalus by combined endoscopic third ventriculostomy and choroid plexus cauterization","volume":"8","author":"Warf","year":"2011"},{"key":"b52-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.9.PEDS09304","article-title":"Intraoperative assessment of cerebral aqueduct patency and cisternal scarring: impact on success of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in 403 African children","volume":"5","author":"Warf","year":"2010"},{"key":"b53-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.9.PEDS09196","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus in Uganda: report of a scoring system that predicts success","volume":"5","author":"Warf","year":"2010"},{"key":"b54-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.7.PEDS09136","article-title":"Neurocognitive outcome and ventricular volume in children with myelomeningocele treated for hydrocephalus in Uganda","volume":"4","author":"Warf","year":"2009"},{"key":"b55-peds14692","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.4.PEDS1253","article-title":"Long-term outcome for endoscopic third ventriculostomy alone or in combination with choroid plexus cauterization for congenital aqueductal stenosis in African infants","volume":"10","author":"Warf","year":"2012"},{"key":"b56-peds14692","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199504000-00044","article-title":"Early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging after resection of malignant glioma: objective evaluation of residual tumor and its influence on regrowth and prognosis","volume":"36","author":"Warnke","year":"1995"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/17\/2\/article-p163.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/17\/2\/article-p163.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/17\/2\/article-p163.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T13:19:46Z","timestamp":1681564786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/17\/2\/article-p163.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2015.5.peds14692","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}