{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T17:55:56Z","timestamp":1783446956978,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultrasound technology continues to improve with better image resolution and availability. Its use in evaluating peripheral nerve lesions is increasing. The current review focuses on the utility of ultrasound in traumatic injuries. In this report, the authors present 4 illustrative cases in which high-resolution ultrasound dramatically enhanced the anatomical understanding and surgical planning of traumatic peripheral nerve lesions. Cases include a lacerating injury of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa, a femoral nerve injury from a pseudoaneurysm, an ulnar nerve neuroma after attempted repair with a conduit, and, finally, a spinal accessory nerve injury after biopsy of a supraclavicular fossa lesion. Preoperative ultrasound images and intraoperative pictures are presented with a focus on how ultrasound aided with surgical decision making. These cases are set into context with a review of the literature on peripheral nerve ultrasound and a comparison between ultrasound and MRI modalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.6.focus15214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T03:41:33Z","timestamp":1441078893000},"page":"E3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The utility of ultrasound in the assessment of traumatic peripheral nerve lesions: report of 4 cases"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Zeidenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Miami\/Jackson Memorial Hospital; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Shelby","family":"Burks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Jose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Miami\/Jackson Memorial Hospital; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ty K.","family":"Subhawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Miami\/Jackson Memorial Hospital; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan D.","family":"Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-focus15214","series-title":"Oman Med J","first-page":"314","article-title":"High resolution ultrasound in the evaluation and management of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries: review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Alaqeel","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2-focus15214","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","first-page":"152","article-title":"MR imaging of claustrophobic patients in an open 1.0T scanner: motion artifacts and patient acceptability compared with closed bore magnets","volume":"64","author":"Bangard","year":"2007"},{"key":"b3-focus15214","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"305","article-title":"High-resolution sonography of the peripheral nervous system\u2014a review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Beekman","year":"2004"},{"key":"b4-focus15214","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"733","article-title":"Limitations of nerve repair of segmental defects using acellular conduits","volume":"119","author":"Berrocal","year":"2013"},{"key":"b5-focus15214","series-title":"Joint Bone Spine","first-page":"643","article-title":"Ultrasound of the peripheral nerves","volume":"75","author":"Bianchi","year":"2008"},{"key":"b6-focus15214","series-title":"J Ultrasound Med","first-page":"1159","article-title":"Ultrasonography of the accessory nerve: normal and pathologic findings in cadavers and patients with iatrogenic accessory nerve palsy","volume":"21","author":"Bodner","year":"2002"},{"key":"b7-focus15214","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e113099","article-title":"Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of axillary artery combined with brachial plexus injury","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2014"},{"key":"b8-focus15214","series-title":"Semin Musculoskelet Radiol","first-page":"79","article-title":"Current MR neurography techniques and whole-body MR neurography","volume":"19","author":"Chhabra","year":"2015"},{"key":"b9-focus15214","series-title":"Radiographics","first-page":"e15","article-title":"Peripheral nerve lesions: role of high-resolution US","volume":"23","author":"Chiou","year":"2003"},{"key":"b10-focus15214","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"197","article-title":"Ultrasound examination in the surgical treatment of lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries: part II","volume":"17","author":"Cokluk","year":"2007"},{"key":"b11-focus15214","series-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol","first-page":"63","article-title":"Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow: how frequent is the idiopathic form? An ultrasonographic study in a cohort of patients","volume":"28","author":"Filippou","year":"2010"},{"key":"b12-focus15214","series-title":"Eur Radiol","first-page":"1611","article-title":"High-resolution ultrasound of the supraclavicular brachial plexus \u2014can it improve therapeutic decisions in patients with plexus trauma?","volume":"17","author":"Gruber","year":"2007"},{"key":"b13-focus15214","series-title":"Chirurg","first-page":"690","article-title":"Iatrogenic lesion of the accessory nerve in cervical lymph node biopsy","volume":"70","author":"Harpf","year":"1999"},{"key":"b14-focus15214","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"W63","article-title":"Musculoskeletal sonography: a dynamic tool for usual and unusual disorders","volume":"188","author":"Khoury","year":"2007"},{"key":"b15-focus15214","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"750","article-title":"Magnetic resonance neurography of peripheral nerve lesions in the lower extremity","volume":"39","author":"Kuntz","year":"1996"},{"key":"b16-focus15214","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"206","article-title":"High-resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis and intraoperative management of peripheral nerve lesions","volume":"114","author":"Lee","year":"2011"},{"key":"b17-focus15214","series-title":"Vascular","first-page":"378","article-title":"Median nerve neuropraxia by a large false brachial artery aneurysm","volume":"22","author":"Lijftogt","year":"2014"},{"key":"b18-focus15214","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"1621","article-title":"The top 10 reasons musculoskeletal sonography is an important complementary or alternative technique to MRI","volume":"190","author":"Nazarian","year":"2008"},{"key":"b19-focus15214","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol","first-page":"188","article-title":"High resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ulnar nerve lesions with particular reference to posttraumatic lesions and sites outside the elbow","volume":"122","author":"Ng","year":"2011"},{"key":"b20-focus15214","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"116","article-title":"Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries","volume":"45","author":"Noble","year":"1998"},{"key":"b21-focus15214","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol","first-page":"1237","article-title":"Ultrasound as a useful tool in the diagnosis and management of traumatic nerve lesions","volume":"124","author":"Padua","year":"2013"},{"key":"b22-focus15214","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"415","article-title":"Examination of postoperative peripheral nerve lesions with high-resolution sonography","volume":"177","author":"Peer","year":"2001"},{"key":"b23-focus15214","series-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"381","article-title":"The incidence of peripheral nerve injury in extremity trauma","volume":"87","author":"Taylor","year":"2008"},{"key":"b24-focus15214","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"762","article-title":"Evaluation of peripheral nerves of the upper limb with ultrasonography: a comparison of ultrasonographic examination and the intra-operative findings","volume":"91","author":"Toros","year":"2009"},{"key":"b25-focus15214","series-title":"J Vasc Surg","first-page":"440","article-title":"Accessory nerve injury during carotid endarterectomy","volume":"5","author":"Tucker","year":"1987"},{"key":"b26-focus15214","series-title":"Eur Radiol","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Preliminary study of the types of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries by ultrasound","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2011"},{"key":"b1-focus15214","series-title":"Oman Med J","first-page":"314","article-title":"High resolution ultrasound in the evaluation and management of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries: review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Alaqeel","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2-focus15214","series-title":"Eur J Radiol","first-page":"152","article-title":"MR imaging of claustrophobic patients in an open 1.0T scanner: motion artifacts and patient acceptability compared with closed bore magnets","volume":"64","author":"Bangard","year":"2007"},{"key":"b3-focus15214","series-title":"Eur J Neurol","first-page":"305","article-title":"High-resolution sonography of the peripheral nervous system\u2014a review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Beekman","year":"2004"},{"key":"b4-focus15214","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"733","article-title":"Limitations of nerve repair of segmental defects using acellular conduits","volume":"119","author":"Berrocal","year":"2013"},{"key":"b5-focus15214","series-title":"Joint Bone Spine","first-page":"643","article-title":"Ultrasound of the peripheral nerves","volume":"75","author":"Bianchi","year":"2008"},{"key":"b6-focus15214","series-title":"J Ultrasound Med","first-page":"1159","article-title":"Ultrasonography of the accessory nerve: normal and pathologic findings in cadavers and patients with iatrogenic accessory nerve palsy","volume":"21","author":"Bodner","year":"2002"},{"key":"b7-focus15214","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e113099","article-title":"Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of axillary artery combined with brachial plexus injury","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2014"},{"key":"b8-focus15214","series-title":"Semin Musculoskelet Radiol","first-page":"79","article-title":"Current MR neurography techniques and whole-body MR neurography","volume":"19","author":"Chhabra","year":"2015"},{"key":"b9-focus15214","series-title":"Radiographics","first-page":"e15","article-title":"Peripheral nerve lesions: role of high-resolution US","volume":"23","author":"Chiou","year":"2003"},{"key":"b10-focus15214","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"197","article-title":"Ultrasound examination in the surgical treatment of lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries: part II","volume":"17","author":"Cokluk","year":"2007"},{"key":"b11-focus15214","series-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol","first-page":"63","article-title":"Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow: how frequent is the idiopathic form? An ultrasonographic study in a cohort of patients","volume":"28","author":"Filippou","year":"2010"},{"key":"b12-focus15214","series-title":"Eur Radiol","first-page":"1611","article-title":"High-resolution ultrasound of the supraclavicular brachial plexus \u2014can it improve therapeutic decisions in patients with plexus trauma?","volume":"17","author":"Gruber","year":"2007"},{"key":"b13-focus15214","series-title":"Chirurg","first-page":"690","article-title":"Iatrogenic lesion of the accessory nerve in cervical lymph node biopsy","volume":"70","author":"Harpf","year":"1999"},{"key":"b14-focus15214","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"W63","article-title":"Musculoskeletal sonography: a dynamic tool for usual and unusual disorders","volume":"188","author":"Khoury","year":"2007"},{"key":"b15-focus15214","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"750","article-title":"Magnetic resonance neurography of peripheral nerve lesions in the lower extremity","volume":"39","author":"Kuntz","year":"1996"},{"key":"b16-focus15214","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"206","article-title":"High-resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis and intraoperative management of peripheral nerve lesions","volume":"114","author":"Lee","year":"2011"},{"key":"b17-focus15214","series-title":"Vascular","first-page":"378","article-title":"Median nerve neuropraxia by a large false brachial artery aneurysm","volume":"22","author":"Lijftogt","year":"2014"},{"key":"b18-focus15214","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"1621","article-title":"The top 10 reasons musculoskeletal sonography is an important complementary or alternative technique to MRI","volume":"190","author":"Nazarian","year":"2008"},{"key":"b19-focus15214","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol","first-page":"188","article-title":"High resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ulnar nerve lesions with particular reference to posttraumatic lesions and sites outside the elbow","volume":"122","author":"Ng","year":"2011"},{"key":"b20-focus15214","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"116","article-title":"Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries","volume":"45","author":"Noble","year":"1998"},{"key":"b21-focus15214","series-title":"Clin Neurophysiol","first-page":"1237","article-title":"Ultrasound as a useful tool in the diagnosis and management of traumatic nerve lesions","volume":"124","author":"Padua","year":"2013"},{"key":"b22-focus15214","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"415","article-title":"Examination of postoperative peripheral nerve lesions with high-resolution sonography","volume":"177","author":"Peer","year":"2001"},{"key":"b23-focus15214","series-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil","first-page":"381","article-title":"The incidence of peripheral nerve injury in extremity trauma","volume":"87","author":"Taylor","year":"2008"},{"key":"b24-focus15214","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"762","article-title":"Evaluation of peripheral nerves of the upper limb with ultrasonography: a comparison of ultrasonographic examination and the intra-operative findings","volume":"91","author":"Toros","year":"2009"},{"key":"b25-focus15214","series-title":"J Vasc Surg","first-page":"440","article-title":"Accessory nerve injury during carotid endarterectomy","volume":"5","author":"Tucker","year":"1987"},{"key":"b26-focus15214","series-title":"Eur Radiol","first-page":"1097","article-title":"Preliminary study of the types of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries by ultrasound","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/39\/3\/article-pE3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/39\/3\/article-pE3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/39\/3\/article-pE3.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T08:23:33Z","timestamp":1775895813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/39\/3\/article-pE3.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2015.6.focus15214","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}}}