{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:31:48Z","timestamp":1791433908498,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>Although CT-guided selective percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRFT) via the foramen rotundum (FR) has been used in the clinic as a novel successful treatment for isolated, second division (maxillary nerve [V2]), idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN), there is only very limited related literature published to date. This report aims to provide more detail for physicians about this technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>METHODS<\/jats:title>Between March 2013 and April 2014, 20 patients with isolated V2 ITN refractory to or intolerant of drug treatment were treated by CT-guided selective PRFT via the FR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. The outcome of pain relief was assessed using the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain score, and grouped as good (BNI Class I or II, no medication required) and bad (BNI Class III\u2013V, medication required or failed). Recurrence was defined as a relapse to a previous lower level after attainment of any higher level of pain relief. Adverse effects and complications were also monitored and recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>RESULTS<\/jats:title>All patients (100%) obtained good pain relief including BNI Class I in 17 patients (85%) and BNI Class II in 3 patients (15%) immediately postoperatively. None of the patients were lost to follow-up. During the mean follow-up period of 24.3 months (range 18\u201330 months), 2 patients (10%) experienced recurring pain and the mean time until recurrence was 10.5 months (range 8\u201313 months). No adverse effects or complications occurred except for transient numbness restricted to the V2 dermatome in all patients (100%) and facial hematoma in 3 patients (15%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>In the current study, CT-guided selective PRFT via the FR not only achieved absolute selective lesioning to V2, but also helped patients attain successful pain relief with few adverse effects. These limited data suggest that CT-guided selective PRFT via the FR appears to be a feasible, safe, effective, and even relatively ideal treatment for isolated V2 ITN, but these findings need confirmation from further studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.9.jns152520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T14:59:15Z","timestamp":1488553155000},"page":"211-214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["CT-guided selective percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation via the foramen rotundum for isolated maxillary nerve idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Quan","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pain and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pain and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xintian","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pain and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pain and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengye","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pain and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"b1-jns152520","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"25","article-title":"A review of percutaneous treatments for trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"10","author":"Cheng JS,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheng JS, Lim DA, Chang EF, Barbaro NM: A review of percutaneous treatments for trigeminal neuralgia. 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Neurology 71:1183\u20131190, 2008"},{"key":"b5-jns152520","series-title":"Cephalalgia","first-page":"629","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version)","volume":"33","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society","year":"2013","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society: The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia 33:629\u2013808, 201323771276"},{"key":"b6-jns152520","series-title":"Pain Med","first-page":"1418","article-title":"CT-guided percutaneous infrazygomatic radiofrequency neurolysis through foramen rotundum to treat V2 trigeminal neuralgia","volume":"15","author":"Huang B,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang B, Yao M, Feng Z, Guo J, Zereshki A, Leong M, : CT-guided percutaneous infrazygomatic radiofrequency neurolysis through foramen rotundum to treat V2 trigeminal neuralgia. 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