{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T20:14:56Z","timestamp":1782332096539,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>As life expectancy continues to increase, primary degenerative sagittal imbalance (PDSI) is diagnosed in an increasing number of elderly people. Although corrective surgery for this sagittal deformity is becoming more popular, the effectiveness of the procedure remains unclear. The authors aimed to collate the available evidence on the effectiveness and complications of deformity-correction surgery in patients with PDSI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors carried out a meta-analysis of clinical studies regarding deformity correction in patients with PDSI. The studies were identified through searches of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Surgery outcomes were evaluated and overall treatment effectiveness was assessed in terms of the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values and pain levels according to visual analog scale (VAS) scores and in terms of restoration of spinopelvic parameters to within a normal range. Data are expressed as mean differences with 95% CIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten studies comprising 327 patients were included. The VAS and ODI values improved after deformity-correction surgery. The smallest treatment effect exceeded the MCID for VAS values (4.15 [95% CI 3.48\u20134.82]) but not for ODI values (18.11 [95% CI 10.99\u201325.23]). At the final follow-up visit, the mean lumbar lordosis angle (\u221238.60\u00b0 [95% CI \u221244.19\u00b0 to \u221233.01\u00b0]), thoracic kyphosis angle (31.10\u00b0 [95% CI 24.67\u00b0\u201337.53\u00b0]), C-7 sagittal vertical axis (65.00 mm [95% CI 35.27\u201394.72 mm]), and pelvic tilt angle (30.82\u00b0 [95% CI 24.41\u00b0\u201337.23\u00b0]) remained outside their normal ranges. Meta-regression analyses revealed a significant effect of ODI change in relation to lumbar lordosis change (p = 0.004). After a mean of 2 years after deformity correction, the mean lumbar lordosis angle and C-7 sagittal vertical axis decreased by 5.82\u00b0 and 38.91 mm, respectively, and the mean thoracic kyphosis angle increased by 4.7\u00b0. The incidences of proximal junctional kyphosis and pseudarthrosis were 23.7% and 12.8%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Deformity correction substantially relieves back pain for about 2 years in adult patients with PDSI. Sufficient surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis can lead to substantial improvement in patient disability and reduced decompensation. Deformity correction represents a viable therapeutic option for patients with PDSI, but further technical advancements are necessary to achieve sufficient lumbar lordosis and reduce complication rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.3.spine161134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T14:02:17Z","timestamp":1502460137000},"page":"540-551","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effectiveness of deformity-correction surgery for primary degenerative sagittal imbalance: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Chang-Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Kee","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine;"},{"name":"Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jee-Soo","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanoori Suwon Hospital, Suwon;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Kyu","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Spine Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Kil","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam University Hospital, Chonnam University College of Medicine, Gwangju;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Hwan","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Taek","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Heon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine;"},{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Jae","family":"Hyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.7.SPINE10640","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality after spinal deformity surgery in patients 75 years and older: complications and predictive factors","volume":"15","author":"Acosta FL Jr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Acosta FL Jr, McClendon J Jr, O\u2019Shaughnessy BA, Koller H, Neal CJ, Meier O, : Morbidity and mortality after spinal deformity surgery in patients 75 years and older: complications and predictive factors. 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