{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:41:44Z","timestamp":1787802104036,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to describe the use of a minimally invasive surgical treatment of lumbar spondylolysis in athletes by a fluoroscopically guided direct pars screw placement with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein\u20132 (rhBMP-2) and to report on clinical and radiographic outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review was conducted of all patients treated surgically for lumbar spondylolysis via a minimally invasive direct pars repair with cannulated screws. Demographic information, clinical features of presentation, perioperative and intraoperative radiographic imaging, and postoperative data were collected. A 1-cm midline incision was performed for the placement of bilateral pars screws utilizing biplanar fluoroscopy, followed by placement of a fully threaded 4.0-mm-diameter titanium cannulated screw. A tubular table-mounted retractor was utilized for direct pars fracture visualization and debridement through a separate incision. The now-visualized pars fracture could then be decorticated, with care taken not to damage the titanium screw when using a high-speed drill. Local bone obtained from the curettage was then placed in the defect with 1.05 mg rhBMP-2 divided equally between the bilateral pars defects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine patients were identified (mean age 17.7 \u00b1 3.42 years, range 14\u201325 years; 6 male and 3 female). All patients had bilateral pars fractures of L-4 (n = 4) or L-5 (n = 5). The mean duration of preoperative symptoms was 17.22 \u00b1 13.2 months (range 9\u201348 months). The mean operative duration was 189 \u00b1 29 minutes (range 151\u2013228 minutes). The mean intraoperative blood loss was 17.5 \u00b1 10 ml (range 10\u201330 ml). Radiographic follow-up was available in all cases; the mean length of time from surgery to the most recent imaging study was 30.8 \u00b1 23.3 months (range 3\u201359 months). The mean hospital length of stay was 1.13 \u00b1 0.35 days (range 1\u20132 days). There were no intraoperative complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lumbar spondylolysis treatment with a minimally invasive direct pars repair is a safe and technically feasible option that minimizes muscle and soft-tissue dissection, which may particularly benefit adolescent patients with a desire to return to a high level of physical activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.5.focus17153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T03:36:48Z","timestamp":1501558608000},"page":"E6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Minimally invasive direct pars repair with cannulated screws and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein: case series and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"George M.","family":"Ghobrial","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth M.","family":"Crandall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seth K.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan D.","family":"Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"28","key":"b1","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"354","article-title":"Scott wiring for direct repair of lumbar spondylolysis","author":"Askar Z","year":"2003","unstructured":"Askar Z, Wardlaw D, Koti M: Scott wiring for direct repair of lumbar spondylolysis. 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