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Neurological surgery residents (postgraduate year 3 or greater) performed a standard EEA to repair a CSF leak using a combination of fat, fascia lata, and pedicled nasoseptal flaps. A standardized 5-point Likert questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge gained, techniques learned, degree of safety, benefit of CSF perfusion during repair, and pre- and posttraining confidence scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intrathecal perfusion of fluorescein-infused saline into the ventricular\/subarachnoid space was successful in 9 of 9 cases. The addition of CSF reconstitution offered the residents visual feedback for confirmation of intraoperative CSF leak repair. Residents gained new knowledge and a realistic simulation experience by rehearsing the psychomotor skills and techniques required to repair a CSF leak with fat and fascial grafts, as well as to prepare and rotate vascularized nasoseptal flaps. All trainees reported feeling safer with the procedure in a clinical setting and higher average posttraining confidence scores (pretraining 2.22 \u00b1 0.83, posttraining 4.22 \u00b1 0.44, p &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perfusion-based human cadaveric models can be utilized as a simulation training model for repairing CSF leaks during EEA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.5.jns162982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]],"date-time":"2017-11-03T13:59:00Z","timestamp":1509717540000},"page":"792-796","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Perfusion-based human cadaveric specimen as a simulation training model in repairing cerebrospinal fluid leaks during endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Eisha A.","family":"Christian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Bakhsheshian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben A.","family":"Strickland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vance L.","family":"Fredrickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian A.","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin H.","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Skills and Simulation Center, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Minneti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Skills and Simulation Center, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bozena B.","family":"Wrobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Keck School of Medicine; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Giannotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Zada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.12.JNS141551","article-title":"\u201cLive cadavers\u201d for training in the management of intraoperative aneurysmal rupture","volume":"123","author":"Aboud E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aboud E, Aboud G, Al-Mefty O, Aboud T, Rammos S, Abolfotoh M, : \u201cLive cadavers\u201d for training in the management of intraoperative aneurysmal rupture. 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