{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T22:59:37Z","timestamp":1793487577547,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Both spontaneous and iatrogenic spondylodiscitis are becoming ever more frequent, yet there are no definite treatment guidelines. For many years the treatment protocol was conservative medical management or surgical debridement with patients immobilized or bedridden for weeks and often resulting in spinal deformity. The eventual development of spinal deformity can be difficult to treat. Over the last few years, the authors have preferred a single-approach instrumented arthrodesis when spondylolysis that evolves in deformity from somatic wedging occurs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical, radiological, and surgical records of 11 patients treated over the past 3 years for spondylodiscitis with osteosynthesis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Overall, the authors treated 11 patients: 3 cases with tuberculous spondylodiscitis (1 dorsal, 2 lumbar); 6 cases with\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n spondylodiscitis (1 cervical, 2 dorsal, 2 lumbar, 1 dorsolumbar); 1 spondylodiscitis with postsurgical lumbar deformity; and in 1 dorsolumbar case the germ was not identified. Surgical approaches were chosen according to spinal level: In 8 dorsolumbar cases a posterior osteosynthesis was achieved. In 1 cervical case an anterior approach was performed with autologous bone graft from iliac crest. In 2 thoracolumbar cases a posterolateral costotransversectomy was needed. In 1 lumbosacral case iliac somatic grafting was used. Ten patients received adequate antibiotic treatment with clinical remission, and 1 case is in initial follow-up. No complications due to instrumentation were recorded. Spinal deformity was prevented in 10 cases, whereas preexisting spinal deformity was partially corrected in 1 case. In all cases, arthrodesis achieved vertebral stability.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n This study has the limitations of a retrospective review with a limited number of patients. Instrumentation does not appear to hamper healing from infection. Moreover, spinal stabilization, which is assisted by the infectious process even in the absence of bone graft, allows early mobilization. Instrumented osteosynthesis should be preferred for spondylodiscitis with osteolysis and spinal instability because it allows early mobilization and rehabilitation whenever necessary. It prevents spinal deformity and does not hamper healing of infections.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.10.focus18442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T20:59:11Z","timestamp":1551214751000},"page":"E9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Single-approach vertebral osteosynthesis in the treatment of spinal osteolysis by spondylodiscitis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Oriela","family":"Rustemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Raneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Alvaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Gazzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Beggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovico","family":"Rossetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizio","family":"Cervellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61233-2","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks versus 12 weeks in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Bernard L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernard L, Dinh A, Ghout I, Simo D, Zeller V, Issartel B, : Antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks versus 12 weeks in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 385:875\u2013882, 20152546817010.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61233-2"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.06.014","article-title":"Spinal instrumentation in patients with primary spinal infections does not lead to greater recurrent infection rates: an analysis of 118 cases","volume":"82","author":"Bydon M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bydon M, De la Garza-Ramos R, Macki M, Naumann M, Sciubba DM, Wolinsky JP, : Spinal instrumentation in patients with primary spinal infections does not lead to greater recurrent infection rates: an analysis of 118 cases. World Neurosurg 82:e807\u2013e814, 201410.1016\/j.wneu.2014.06.014"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181839b9c","article-title":"Does Acute placement of instrumentation in the treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis predispose to recurrent infection: long-term follow-up in immune-suppressed patients","volume":"33","author":"Carragee E","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carragee E, Iezza A: Does Acute placement of instrumentation in the treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis predispose to recurrent infection: long-term follow-up in immune-suppressed patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:2089\u20132093, 200810.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181839b9c18758365"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"b4","series-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii11","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq303","article-title":"Spondylodiscitis: update on diagnosis and management","volume":"65","author":"Gouliouris T","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gouliouris T, Aliyu SH, Brown NM: Spondylodiscitis: update on diagnosis and management. J Antimicrob Chemother 65 (Suppl 3):iii11\u2013iii24, 201010.1093\/jac\/dkq303"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4451-2","article-title":"Anterior versus posterior approach in surgical treatment of tuberculous spondylodiscitis of thoracic and lumbar spine","volume":"25","author":"Hassan K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hassan K, Elmorshidy E: Anterior versus posterior approach in surgical treatment of tuberculous spondylodiscitis of thoracic and lumbar spine. Eur Spine J 25:1056\u20131063, 20162692273510.1007\/s00586-016-4451-2"},{"issue":"6","key":"b6","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.7","article-title":"Instrumentation in patients with spinal infection","volume":"17","author":"Lee MC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee MC, Wang MY, Fessler RG, Liauw J, Kim DH: Instrumentation in patients with spinal infection. Neurosurg Focus 17(6):E7, 20041563657710.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.7"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3467-2","article-title":"Management of spinal infection: a review of the literature","volume":"160","author":"Lener S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lener S, Hartmann S, Barbagallo GMV, Certo F, Thom\u00e9 C, Tschugg A: Management of spinal infection: a review of the literature. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 160:487\u2013496, 201810.1007\/s00701-018-3467-229356895"},{"issue":"6","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.5","article-title":"Single-stage debridement and instrumentation for pyogenic spinal infections","volume":"17","author":"Ogden AT","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ogden AT, Kaiser MG: Single-stage debridement and instrumentation for pyogenic spinal infections. Neurosurg Focus 17(6):E5, 20041563657510.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.5"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.12.SPINE09428","article-title":"Safety of instrumentation in patients with spinal infection","volume":"12","author":"Rayes M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rayes M, Colen CB, Bahgat DA, Higashida T, Guthikonda M, Rengachary S, : Safety of instrumentation in patients with spinal infection. J Neurosurg Spine 12:647\u2013659, 201010.3171\/2009.12.SPINE0942820515351"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4318-y","article-title":"Outcome of conservative and surgical treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis: a systematic literature review","volume":"25","author":"Rutges JP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rutges JP, Kempen DH, van Dijk M, Oner FC: Outcome of conservative and surgical treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis: a systematic literature review. Eur Spine J 25:983\u2013999, 20162658597510.1007\/s00586-015-4318-y"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Orthop Clin North Am","first-page":"9","article-title":"Microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of spinal infections","volume":"27","author":"Sapico FL","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sapico FL: Microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of spinal infections. Orthop Clin North Am 27:9\u201313, 19968539057"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.09.027","article-title":"Application of titanium and polyetheretherketone cages in the treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis","volume":"127","author":"Schomacher M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schomacher M, Finger T, Koeppen D, S\u00fcss O, Vajkoczy P, Kroppenstedt S, : Application of titanium and polyetheretherketone cages in the treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 127:65\u201370, 201410.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.09.02725459245"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"8","article-title":"Use of structural allografts in spinal osteomyelitis: a review of 47 cases","volume":"93","author":"Schuster JM","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schuster JM, Avellino AM, Mann FA, Girouard AA, Grady MS, Newell DW, : Use of structural allografts in spinal osteomyelitis: a review of 47 cases. J Neurosurg 93 (1 Suppl):8\u201314, 200010879752"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Int Orthop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-3063-5","article-title":"Pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: safety and outcomes","volume":"40","author":"Shetty AP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shetty AP, Aiyer SN, Kanna RM, Maheswaran A, Rajasekaran S: Pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: safety and outcomes. Int Orthop 40:1163\u20131170, 201610.1007\/s00264-015-3063-526711446"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2924-z","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages in combination with posterior pedicel screw fixation in pyogenic spinal infection","volume":"158","author":"Shiban E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shiban E, Janssen I, da Cunha PR, Rainer J, Stoffel M, Lehmberg J, : Safety and efficacy of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages in combination with posterior pedicel screw fixation in pyogenic spinal infection. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 158:1851\u20131857, 201610.1007\/s00701-016-2924-z27510825"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Infect Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.001","article-title":"Pyogenic spondylodiscitis: an overview","volume":"3","author":"Skaf GS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Skaf GS, Domloj NT, Fehlings MG, Bouclaous CH, Sabbagh AS, Kanafani ZA, : Pyogenic spondylodiscitis: an overview. J Infect Public Health 3:5\u201316, 201010.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.00120701886"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1320022","article-title":"A staged treatment algorithm for spinal infections","volume":"74","author":"St\u00fcer C","year":"2013","unstructured":"St\u00fcer C, Stoffel M, Hecker J, Ringel F, Meyer B: A staged treatment algorithm for spinal infections. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 74:87\u201395, 20132340455410.1055\/s-0032-1320022"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.08.023","article-title":"Spinal instrumentation in the setting of primary infection","volume":"82","author":"Than KD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Than KD, Mummaneni PV: Spinal instrumentation in the setting of primary infection. World Neurosurg 82:e713\u2013e714, 201410.1016\/j.wneu.2014.08.023"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2614-3","article-title":"Failure modes in conservative and surgical management of infectious spondylodiscitis","volume":"22","author":"Valancius K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valancius K, Hansen ES, H\u00f8y K, Helmig P, Niedermann B, B\u00fcnger C: Failure modes in conservative and surgical management of infectious spondylodiscitis. Eur Spine J 22:1837\u20131844, 20132324786110.1007\/s00586-012-2614-3"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61233-2","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks versus 12 weeks in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Bernard L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernard L, Dinh A, Ghout I, Simo D, Zeller V, Issartel B, : Antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks versus 12 weeks in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet 385:875\u2013882, 20152546817010.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61233-2"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.06.014","article-title":"Spinal instrumentation in patients with primary spinal infections does not lead to greater recurrent infection rates: an analysis of 118 cases","volume":"82","author":"Bydon M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bydon M, De la Garza-Ramos R, Macki M, Naumann M, Sciubba DM, Wolinsky JP, : Spinal instrumentation in patients with primary spinal infections does not lead to greater recurrent infection rates: an analysis of 118 cases. World Neurosurg 82:e807\u2013e814, 201410.1016\/j.wneu.2014.06.014"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181839b9c","article-title":"Does Acute placement of instrumentation in the treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis predispose to recurrent infection: long-term follow-up in immune-suppressed patients","volume":"33","author":"Carragee E","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carragee E, Iezza A: Does Acute placement of instrumentation in the treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis predispose to recurrent infection: long-term follow-up in immune-suppressed patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:2089\u20132093, 200810.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181839b9c18758365"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"b4","series-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii11","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq303","article-title":"Spondylodiscitis: update on diagnosis and management","volume":"65","author":"Gouliouris T","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gouliouris T, Aliyu SH, Brown NM: Spondylodiscitis: update on diagnosis and management. J Antimicrob Chemother 65 (Suppl 3):iii11\u2013iii24, 201010.1093\/jac\/dkq303"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4451-2","article-title":"Anterior versus posterior approach in surgical treatment of tuberculous spondylodiscitis of thoracic and lumbar spine","volume":"25","author":"Hassan K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hassan K, Elmorshidy E: Anterior versus posterior approach in surgical treatment of tuberculous spondylodiscitis of thoracic and lumbar spine. Eur Spine J 25:1056\u20131063, 20162692273510.1007\/s00586-016-4451-2"},{"issue":"6","key":"b6","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.7","article-title":"Instrumentation in patients with spinal infection","volume":"17","author":"Lee MC","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee MC, Wang MY, Fessler RG, Liauw J, Kim DH: Instrumentation in patients with spinal infection. Neurosurg Focus 17(6):E7, 20041563657710.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.7"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3467-2","article-title":"Management of spinal infection: a review of the literature","volume":"160","author":"Lener S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lener S, Hartmann S, Barbagallo GMV, Certo F, Thom\u00e9 C, Tschugg A: Management of spinal infection: a review of the literature. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 160:487\u2013496, 201810.1007\/s00701-018-3467-229356895"},{"issue":"6","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.5","article-title":"Single-stage debridement and instrumentation for pyogenic spinal infections","volume":"17","author":"Ogden AT","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ogden AT, Kaiser MG: Single-stage debridement and instrumentation for pyogenic spinal infections. Neurosurg Focus 17(6):E5, 20041563657510.3171\/foc.2004.17.6.5"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.12.SPINE09428","article-title":"Safety of instrumentation in patients with spinal infection","volume":"12","author":"Rayes M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rayes M, Colen CB, Bahgat DA, Higashida T, Guthikonda M, Rengachary S, : Safety of instrumentation in patients with spinal infection. J Neurosurg Spine 12:647\u2013659, 201010.3171\/2009.12.SPINE0942820515351"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4318-y","article-title":"Outcome of conservative and surgical treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis: a systematic literature review","volume":"25","author":"Rutges JP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rutges JP, Kempen DH, van Dijk M, Oner FC: Outcome of conservative and surgical treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis: a systematic literature review. Eur Spine J 25:983\u2013999, 20162658597510.1007\/s00586-015-4318-y"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Orthop Clin North Am","first-page":"9","article-title":"Microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of spinal infections","volume":"27","author":"Sapico FL","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sapico FL: Microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of spinal infections. Orthop Clin North Am 27:9\u201313, 19968539057"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.09.027","article-title":"Application of titanium and polyetheretherketone cages in the treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis","volume":"127","author":"Schomacher M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schomacher M, Finger T, Koeppen D, S\u00fcss O, Vajkoczy P, Kroppenstedt S, : Application of titanium and polyetheretherketone cages in the treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 127:65\u201370, 201410.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.09.02725459245"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"8","article-title":"Use of structural allografts in spinal osteomyelitis: a review of 47 cases","volume":"93","author":"Schuster JM","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schuster JM, Avellino AM, Mann FA, Girouard AA, Grady MS, Newell DW, : Use of structural allografts in spinal osteomyelitis: a review of 47 cases. J Neurosurg 93 (1 Suppl):8\u201314, 200010879752"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Int Orthop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-3063-5","article-title":"Pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: safety and outcomes","volume":"40","author":"Shetty AP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shetty AP, Aiyer SN, Kanna RM, Maheswaran A, Rajasekaran S: Pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: safety and outcomes. Int Orthop 40:1163\u20131170, 201610.1007\/s00264-015-3063-526711446"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2924-z","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages in combination with posterior pedicel screw fixation in pyogenic spinal infection","volume":"158","author":"Shiban E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shiban E, Janssen I, da Cunha PR, Rainer J, Stoffel M, Lehmberg J, : Safety and efficacy of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages in combination with posterior pedicel screw fixation in pyogenic spinal infection. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 158:1851\u20131857, 201610.1007\/s00701-016-2924-z27510825"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Infect Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.001","article-title":"Pyogenic spondylodiscitis: an overview","volume":"3","author":"Skaf GS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Skaf GS, Domloj NT, Fehlings MG, Bouclaous CH, Sabbagh AS, Kanafani ZA, : Pyogenic spondylodiscitis: an overview. J Infect Public Health 3:5\u201316, 201010.1016\/j.jiph.2010.01.00120701886"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1320022","article-title":"A staged treatment algorithm for spinal infections","volume":"74","author":"St\u00fcer C","year":"2013","unstructured":"St\u00fcer C, Stoffel M, Hecker J, Ringel F, Meyer B: A staged treatment algorithm for spinal infections. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 74:87\u201395, 20132340455410.1055\/s-0032-1320022"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.08.023","article-title":"Spinal instrumentation in the setting of primary infection","volume":"82","author":"Than KD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Than KD, Mummaneni PV: Spinal instrumentation in the setting of primary infection. World Neurosurg 82:e713\u2013e714, 201410.1016\/j.wneu.2014.08.023"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2614-3","article-title":"Failure modes in conservative and surgical management of infectious spondylodiscitis","volume":"22","author":"Valancius K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valancius K, Hansen ES, H\u00f8y K, Helmig P, Niedermann B, B\u00fcnger C: Failure modes in conservative and surgical management of infectious spondylodiscitis. Eur Spine J 22:1837\u20131844, 20132324786110.1007\/s00586-012-2614-3"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/46\/1\/2018.10.FOCUS18442.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/46\/1\/2018.10.FOCUS18442.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/46\/1\/2018.10.FOCUS18442.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T08:43:58Z","timestamp":1780130638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/46\/1\/2018.10.FOCUS18442.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2018.10.focus18442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}}}