{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:05:33Z","timestamp":1780131933451,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n With the development of minimally invasive procedures, percutaneous pedicle screw systems have been used to attempt to correct spondylolisthesis. No previous studies have reported on reduction measures using long tab percutaneous pedicle screws for spondylolisthesis. Additional intraoperative correction has been proposed with the \u201cswing\u201d technique. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of standard minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) with the efficacy of MIS-TLIF with the \u201cswing\u201d technique (MIS-TLIF and swing) in lumbar spondylolisthesis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n This was a matched-control study and included 30 consecutive patients who were followed up for 6 months after surgery. Of those patients, 15 were treated with operative reduction via MIS-TLIF with the \u201cswing\u201d technique, whereas the other 15 were treated with the standard MIS-TLIF procedure. The swing technique is a new reduction procedure for use with long tab percutaneous screws. In the swing technique, the entire system is swung back and forth several times after all constructs are placed. Only patients with Meyerding grade I or II lumbar spondylolisthesis were included in the study (18 with grade I and 12 with grade II). Perioperative and clinical outcomes, radiological parameters (Meyerding grade, percentage of slip, slip correction rate, segmental lordosis, and lumbar lordosis) were compared between groups at 6 months after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Demographic data did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Postoperative clinical outcomes showed significant improvement in both groups. Postoperative radiological parameters showed that the degree of spondylolisthesis (swing: 4.7% vs standard: 8.9%) and reduction rate (swing: 77.3% vs standard: 57.1%) favored the swing group. The swing technique effectively decreased the degree of spondylolisthesis (swing: 24.1% to 4.7% vs standard: 21.8% to 8.9%). No complications related to the procedure were reported.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n MIS-TLIF with the \u201cswing\u201d technique with long tab percutaneous pedicle screws is a safe and effective reduction method for monosegmental spondylolisthesis. This technique cannot only alleviate symptoms but also achieve nearly completely reduction of slippage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.2.focus18724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]],"date-time":"2019-05-03T18:48:59Z","timestamp":1556909339000},"page":"E11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Reduction and monosegmental fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis with a long tab percutaneous pedicle screw system: \u201cswing\u201d technique"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Bumsoo","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hyun","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Yoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"717","article-title":"Segmental analysis of the sagittal plane alignment of the normal thoracic and lumbar spines and thoracolumbar junction","volume":"14","author":"Bernhardt M","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bernhardt M, Bridwell KH: Segmental analysis of the sagittal plane alignment of the normal thoracic and lumbar spines and thoracolumbar junction. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 14:717\u2013721, 19892772721"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"b2","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"663","article-title":"Correlation of clinical outcome and spinopelvic sagittal alignment after surgical treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis","volume":"20","author":"Bourghli A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bourghli A, Aunoble S, Reebye O, Le Huec JC: Correlation of clinical outcome and spinopelvic sagittal alignment after surgical treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J 20 (Suppl 5):663\u2013668, 201121809014"},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E11","article-title":"Unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"35","author":"Choi UY","year":"2013","unstructured":"Choi UY, Park JY, Kim KH, Kuh SU, Chin DK, Kim KS, : Unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurg Focus 35(2):E11, 201323905949"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"492","article-title":"Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: the influence of geometrical features on the pattern of disc degeneration\u2014a post mortem study","volume":"54","author":"Farfan HF","year":"1972","unstructured":"Farfan HF, Huberdeau RM, Dubow HI: Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: the influence of geometrical features on the pattern of disc degeneration\u2014a post mortem study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 54:492\u2013510, 19725055149"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"477","article-title":"Instrumented slip reduction and fusion for painful unstable isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults","volume":"21","author":"Floman Y","year":"2008","unstructured":"Floman Y, Millgram MA, Ashkenazi E, Smorgick Y, Rand N: Instrumented slip reduction and fusion for painful unstable isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults. 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J Spinal Disord Tech 22:321\u2013327, 200919525786"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"444","article-title":"Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion-indications and clinical experience","volume":"64","author":"Hari A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hari A, Krishna M, Rajagandhi S, Rajakumar DV: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion-indications and clinical experience. Neurol India 64:444\u2013454, 201627147152"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"E302","article-title":"Instrumented minimally invasive spinal-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF): minimum 5-year follow-up with clinical and radiologic outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Kim JS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim JS, Jung B, Lee SH: Instrumented minimally invasive spinal-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF): minimum 5-year follow-up with clinical and radiologic outcomes. Clin Spine Surg 31:E302\u2013E309, 201823027364"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"b9","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"S134","article-title":"\u201cIn situ\u201d fusion or reduction in high-grade high dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis (HDSS)","volume":"21","author":"Martiniani M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martiniani M, Lamartina C, Specchia N: \u201cIn situ\u201d fusion or reduction in high-grade high dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis (HDSS). Eur Spine J 21 (Suppl 1):S134\u2013S140, 201222415760"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E1384","article-title":"Percutaneous transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of degenerative lumbar instability","volume":"62","author":"Mummaneni PV","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mummaneni PV: Percutaneous transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of degenerative lumbar instability. 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Iran J Med Sci 41:13\u201318, 201626722140"},{"issue":"2","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E12","article-title":"Complete anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis of Grade II and higher: use of the minimally invasive \u201crocking\u201d technique","volume":"43","author":"Rajakumar DV","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rajakumar DV, Hari A, Krishna M, Sharma A, Reddy M: Complete anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis of Grade II and higher: use of the minimally invasive \u201crocking\u201d technique. Neurosurg Focus 43(2):E12, 201728760034"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"SAS J","first-page":"29","article-title":"Cost-utility analysis of posterior minimally invasive fusion compared with conventional open fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"5","author":"Rampersaud YR","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rampersaud YR, Gray R, Lewis SJ, Massicotte EM, Fehlings MG: Cost-utility analysis of posterior minimally invasive fusion compared with conventional open fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis. SAS J 5:29\u201335, 201125802665"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb","first-page":"33","article-title":"[Anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for high-grade developmental spondylolisthesis L5\/S1.]","volume":"144","author":"Ruf M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruf M, Melcher R, Merk H, Harms J: [Anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for high-grade developmental spondylolisthesis L5\/S1.] Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 144:33\u201339, 2006 (German)16498558"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e1017","article-title":"Reduction of slippage influences surgical outcomes of grade II and III lumbar isthmic spondylolistheis","volume":"120","author":"Shi L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shi L, Chen Y, Miao J, Shi J, Chen D: Reduction of slippage influences surgical outcomes of grade II and III lumbar isthmic spondylolistheis. World Neurosurg 120:e1017\u2013e1023, 201830201580"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Int J Spine Surg","first-page":"399","article-title":"Long-term experience with reduction technique in high-grade spondylolisthesis in the young","volume":"12","author":"Sudarshan PK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sudarshan PK, Suthar HR, Varma VK, Krishnan A, Hegde SK: Long-term experience with reduction technique in high-grade spondylolisthesis in the young. Int J Spine Surg 12:399\u2013407, 2018"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"182","article-title":"Intraoperative reduction does not result in better outcomes in low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis with neurogenic symptoms after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion\u2014a 5-year follow-up study","volume":"16","author":"Tay KS","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tay KS, Bassi A, Yeo W, Yue WM: Intraoperative reduction does not result in better outcomes in low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis with neurogenic symptoms after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion\u2014a 5-year follow-up study. Spine J 16:182\u2013190, 2016"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"1780","article-title":"Comparison of one-level minimally invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis grades 1 and 2","volume":"19","author":"Wang J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhou Y, Zhang ZF, Li CQ, Zheng WJ, Liu J: Comparison of one-level minimally invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis grades 1 and 2. Eur Spine J 19:1780\u20131784, 201020411281"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"471","article-title":"Using lumbar interspinous anchor with transforaminal lumbar interbody fixation","volume":"73","author":"Wu JC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu JC, Mummaneni PV: Using lumbar interspinous anchor with transforaminal lumbar interbody fixation. World Neurosurg 73:471\u2013472, 201020920928"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"717","article-title":"Segmental analysis of the sagittal plane alignment of the normal thoracic and lumbar spines and thoracolumbar junction","volume":"14","author":"Bernhardt M","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bernhardt M, Bridwell KH: Segmental analysis of the sagittal plane alignment of the normal thoracic and lumbar spines and thoracolumbar junction. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 14:717\u2013721, 19892772721"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"b2","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"663","article-title":"Correlation of clinical outcome and spinopelvic sagittal alignment after surgical treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis","volume":"20","author":"Bourghli A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bourghli A, Aunoble S, Reebye O, Le Huec JC: Correlation of clinical outcome and spinopelvic sagittal alignment after surgical treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J 20 (Suppl 5):663\u2013668, 201121809014"},{"issue":"2","key":"b3","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E11","article-title":"Unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion","volume":"35","author":"Choi UY","year":"2013","unstructured":"Choi UY, Park JY, Kim KH, Kuh SU, Chin DK, Kim KS, : Unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurg Focus 35(2):E11, 201323905949"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"492","article-title":"Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: the influence of geometrical features on the pattern of disc degeneration\u2014a post mortem study","volume":"54","author":"Farfan HF","year":"1972","unstructured":"Farfan HF, Huberdeau RM, Dubow HI: Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: the influence of geometrical features on the pattern of disc degeneration\u2014a post mortem study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 54:492\u2013510, 19725055149"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"477","article-title":"Instrumented slip reduction and fusion for painful unstable isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults","volume":"21","author":"Floman Y","year":"2008","unstructured":"Floman Y, Millgram MA, Ashkenazi E, Smorgick Y, Rand N: Instrumented slip reduction and fusion for painful unstable isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults. J Spinal Disord Tech 21:477\u2013483, 200818836358"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","first-page":"321","article-title":"Radiographic and clinical outcomes after instrumented reduction and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion of mid and high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis","volume":"22","author":"Goyal N","year":"2009","unstructured":"Goyal N, Wimberley DW, Hyatt A, Zeiller S, Vaccaro AR, Hilibrand AS, : Radiographic and clinical outcomes after instrumented reduction and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion of mid and high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. J Spinal Disord Tech 22:321\u2013327, 200919525786"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Neurol India","first-page":"444","article-title":"Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion-indications and clinical experience","volume":"64","author":"Hari A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hari A, Krishna M, Rajagandhi S, Rajakumar DV: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion-indications and clinical experience. Neurol India 64:444\u2013454, 201627147152"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","first-page":"E302","article-title":"Instrumented minimally invasive spinal-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF): minimum 5-year follow-up with clinical and radiologic outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Kim JS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim JS, Jung B, Lee SH: Instrumented minimally invasive spinal-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF): minimum 5-year follow-up with clinical and radiologic outcomes. Clin Spine Surg 31:E302\u2013E309, 201823027364"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"b9","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"S134","article-title":"\u201cIn situ\u201d fusion or reduction in high-grade high dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis (HDSS)","volume":"21","author":"Martiniani M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martiniani M, Lamartina C, Specchia N: \u201cIn situ\u201d fusion or reduction in high-grade high dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis (HDSS). Eur Spine J 21 (Suppl 1):S134\u2013S140, 201222415760"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E1384","article-title":"Percutaneous transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of degenerative lumbar instability","volume":"62","author":"Mummaneni PV","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mummaneni PV: Percutaneous transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of degenerative lumbar instability. Neurosurgery 62:E1384, 200818824969"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Korean J Spine","first-page":"232","article-title":"Slip reduction rate between minimal invasive and conventional unilateral transforaminal interbody fusion in patients with low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis","volume":"10","author":"Oh CH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oh CH, Ji GY, Jeon JK, Lee J, Yoon SH, Hyun DK: Slip reduction rate between minimal invasive and conventional unilateral transforaminal interbody fusion in patients with low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Korean J Spine 10:232\u2013236, 201324891854"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Iran J Med Sci","first-page":"13","article-title":"Surgical outcome of reduction and instrumented fusion in lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"41","author":"Omidi-Kashani F","year":"2016","unstructured":"Omidi-Kashani F, Hassankhani EG, Shiravani R, Mirkazemi M: Surgical outcome of reduction and instrumented fusion in lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. Iran J Med Sci 41:13\u201318, 201626722140"},{"issue":"2","key":"b13","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E12","article-title":"Complete anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis of Grade II and higher: use of the minimally invasive \u201crocking\u201d technique","volume":"43","author":"Rajakumar DV","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rajakumar DV, Hari A, Krishna M, Sharma A, Reddy M: Complete anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis of Grade II and higher: use of the minimally invasive \u201crocking\u201d technique. Neurosurg Focus 43(2):E12, 201728760034"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"SAS J","first-page":"29","article-title":"Cost-utility analysis of posterior minimally invasive fusion compared with conventional open fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"5","author":"Rampersaud YR","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rampersaud YR, Gray R, Lewis SJ, Massicotte EM, Fehlings MG: Cost-utility analysis of posterior minimally invasive fusion compared with conventional open fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis. SAS J 5:29\u201335, 201125802665"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb","first-page":"33","article-title":"[Anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for high-grade developmental spondylolisthesis L5\/S1.]","volume":"144","author":"Ruf M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruf M, Melcher R, Merk H, Harms J: [Anatomic reduction and monosegmental fusion for high-grade developmental spondylolisthesis L5\/S1.] Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 144:33\u201339, 2006 (German)16498558"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"e1017","article-title":"Reduction of slippage influences surgical outcomes of grade II and III lumbar isthmic spondylolistheis","volume":"120","author":"Shi L","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shi L, Chen Y, Miao J, Shi J, Chen D: Reduction of slippage influences surgical outcomes of grade II and III lumbar isthmic spondylolistheis. World Neurosurg 120:e1017\u2013e1023, 201830201580"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Int J Spine Surg","first-page":"399","article-title":"Long-term experience with reduction technique in high-grade spondylolisthesis in the young","volume":"12","author":"Sudarshan PK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sudarshan PK, Suthar HR, Varma VK, Krishnan A, Hegde SK: Long-term experience with reduction technique in high-grade spondylolisthesis in the young. Int J Spine Surg 12:399\u2013407, 2018"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"182","article-title":"Intraoperative reduction does not result in better outcomes in low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis with neurogenic symptoms after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion\u2014a 5-year follow-up study","volume":"16","author":"Tay KS","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tay KS, Bassi A, Yeo W, Yue WM: Intraoperative reduction does not result in better outcomes in low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis with neurogenic symptoms after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion\u2014a 5-year follow-up study. Spine J 16:182\u2013190, 2016"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Eur Spine J","first-page":"1780","article-title":"Comparison of one-level minimally invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis grades 1 and 2","volume":"19","author":"Wang J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhou Y, Zhang ZF, Li CQ, Zheng WJ, Liu J: Comparison of one-level minimally invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis grades 1 and 2. Eur Spine J 19:1780\u20131784, 201020411281"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"World Neurosurg","first-page":"471","article-title":"Using lumbar interspinous anchor with transforaminal lumbar interbody fixation","volume":"73","author":"Wu JC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu JC, Mummaneni PV: Using lumbar interspinous anchor with transforaminal lumbar interbody fixation. 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