{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:08:00Z","timestamp":1773266880408,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort study, the authors assessed which surgical approach, 1) the unilateral laminotomy with bilateral spinal canal decompression (ULBD; also called \u201cover the top\u201d) or 2) the standard open bilateral decompression (SOBD), achieves better clinical outcomes in the long-term follow-up. The optimal surgical approach (ULBD vs SOBD) to treat lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main outcomes of this study were changes in a spinal stenosis measure (SSM) symptoms score, SSM function score, and quality of life (sum score of the 3-level version of the EQ-5D tool [EQ-5D-3L]) over time. These outcome parameters were measured at baseline and at 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-ups. To obtain an unbiased result on the effect of ULBD compared to SOBD the authors used matching techniques relying on propensity scores. The latter were calculated based on a logistic regression model including relevant confounders. Additional outcomes of interest were raw changes in main outcomes and in the Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire from baseline to 12, 24, and 36 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>For this study, 277 patients met the inclusion criteria. One hundred forty-nine patients were treated by ULBD, and 128 were treated by SOBD. After propensity score matching, 128 patients were left in each group. In the matched cohort, the mean (95% CI) estimated differences between ULBD and SOBD for change in SSM symptoms score from baseline to 12 months were \u22120.04 (\u22120.25 to 0.17), to 24 months \u22120.07 (\u22120.29 to 0.15), and to 36 months \u22120.04 (\u22120.28 to 0.21). For change in SSM function score, the estimated differences from baseline to 12 months were 0.06 (\u22120.08 to 0.21), to 24 months 0.08 (\u22120.07 to 0.22), and to 36 months 0.01 (\u22120.16 to 0.17). Differences in changes between groups in EQ-5D-3L sum scores were estimated to be \u22120.32 (\u22124.04 to 3.40), \u22120.89 (\u22124.76 to 2.98), and \u22122.71 (\u22127.16 to 1.74) from baseline to 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. None of the group differences between ULBD and SOBD were statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both surgical techniques, ULBD and SOBD, may provide effective treatment options for DLSS patients. The authors further determined that the patient outcome results for the technically more challenging ULBD seem not to be superior to those for the SOBD even after 3 years of follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.2.spine181309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,27]],"date-time":"2019-04-27T03:28:53Z","timestamp":1556335733000},"page":"236-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Outcome of unilateral versus standard open midline approach for bilateral decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis: is \u201cover the top\u201d really better? A Swiss prospective multicenter cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Nils H.","family":"Ulrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakob M.","family":"Burgstaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Gravestock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pichierri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria M.","family":"Wertli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich;"},{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Bern University, Bern;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Steurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horten Centre for Patient Oriented Research and Knowledge Transfer, University of Zurich;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mazda","family":"Farshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Spine Centre Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Porchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Spine Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Eur Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-014-3346-z","article-title":"Consensus conference on core radiological parameters to describe lumbar stenosis\u2014an initiative for structured reporting","volume":"24","author":"Andreisek G","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andreisek G, Deyo RA, Jarvik JG, Porchet F, Winklhofer SFX, Steurer J: Consensus conference on core radiological parameters to describe lumbar stenosis\u2014an initiative for structured reporting. Eur Radiol 24:3224\u20133232, 201410.1007\/s00330-014-3346-z"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.461","article-title":"Minimally invasive compared with open lumbar laminotomy: no functional benefits at 6 or 24 months after surgery","volume":"15","author":"Ang CL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ang CL, Phak-Boon Tow B, Fook S, Guo CM, Chen JL, Yue WM, : Minimally invasive compared with open lumbar laminotomy: no functional benefits at 6 or 24 months after surgery. Spine J 15:1705\u20131712, 201510.1016\/j.spinee.2013.07.461"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199502001-00007","article-title":"No relationship between epidural fibrosis and sciatica in the lumbar postdiscectomy syndrome. A study with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients","volume":"20","author":"Annertz M","year":"1995","unstructured":"Annertz M, J\u00f6nsson B, Str\u00f6mqvist B, Holt\u00e5s S: No relationship between epidural fibrosis and sciatica in the lumbar postdiscectomy syndrome. A study with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 20:449\u2013453, 199510.1097\/00007632-199502001-00007"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Stat Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2580","article-title":"A comparison of the ability of different propensity score models to balance measured variables between treated and untreated subjects: a Monte Carlo study","volume":"26","author":"Austin PC","year":"2007","unstructured":"Austin PC, Grootendorst P, Anderson GM: A comparison of the ability of different propensity score models to balance measured variables between treated and untreated subjects: a Monte Carlo study. Stat Med 26:734\u2013753, 200710.1002\/sim.258016708349"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318191438b","article-title":"A biomechanical evaluation of graded posterior element removal for treatment of lumbar stenosis: comparison of a minimally invasive approach with two standard laminectomy techniques","volume":"34","author":"Bresnahan L","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bresnahan L, Ogden AT, Natarajan RN, Fessler RG: A biomechanical evaluation of graded posterior element removal for treatment of lumbar stenosis: comparison of a minimally invasive approach with two standard laminectomy techniques. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:17\u201323, 200910.1097\/BRS.0b013e318191438b"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000161","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis does not affect the outcome of unilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression in patients with lumbar stenosis","volume":"39","author":"Chang HS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chang HS, Fujisawa N, Tsuchiya T, Oya S, Matsui T: Degenerative spondylolisthesis does not affect the outcome of unilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression in patients with lumbar stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 39:400\u2013408, 201410.1097\/BRS.0000000000000161"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI-07\/12\/579","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: analysis of results in a series of 374 patients treated with unilateral laminotomy for bilateral microdecompression","volume":"7","author":"Costa F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Costa F, Sassi M, Cardia A, Ortolina A, De Santis A, Luccarell G, : Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: analysis of results in a series of 374 patients treated with unilateral laminotomy for bilateral microdecompression. J Neurosurg Spine 7:579\u2013586, 200710.3171\/SPI-07\/12\/579"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","first-page":"326","article-title":"Bilateral versus unilateral interlaminar approach for bilateral decompression in patients with single-level degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a multicenter retrospective study of 175 patients on postoperative pain, functional disability, and patient satisfaction","volume":"23","author":"den Boogert HF","year":"2015","unstructured":"den Boogert HF, Keers JC, Marinus Oterdoom DL, Kuijlen JM: Bilateral versus unilateral interlaminar approach for bilateral decompression in patients with single-level degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a multicenter retrospective study of 175 patients on postoperative pain, functional disability, and patient satisfaction. J Neurosurg Spine 23:326\u2013335, 201526091439"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199318110-00010","article-title":"Lumbar spinal fusion. A cohort study of complications, reoperations, and resource use in the Medicare population","volume":"18","author":"Deyo RA","year":"1993","unstructured":"Deyo RA, Ciol MA, Cherkin DC, Loeser JD, Bigos SJ: Lumbar spinal fusion. A cohort study of complications, reoperations, and resource use in the Medicare population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 18:1463\u20131470, 199310.1097\/00007632-199318110-00010"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0033-4","article-title":"Patient-based outcomes for the operative treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"15","author":"Fokter SK","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fokter SK, Yerby SA: Patient-based outcomes for the operative treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Eur Spine J 15:1661\u20131669, 200610.1007\/s00586-005-0033-416369827"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200103000-00004","article-title":"Decompression, fusion, and instrumentation surgery for complex lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"384","author":"Hansraj KK","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hansraj KK, O\u2019Leary PF, Cammisa FP Jr, Hall JC, Fras CI, Cohen MS, : Decompression, fusion, and instrumentation surgery for complex lumbar spinal stenosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res (384):18\u201325, 200110.1097\/00003086-200103000-00004"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E276","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318195d943","article-title":"Muscle-preserving interlaminar decompression for the lumbar spine: a minimally invasive new procedure for lumbar spinal canal stenosis","volume":"34","author":"Hatta Y","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hatta Y, Shiraishi T, Sakamoto A, Yato Y, Harada T, Mikami Y, : Muscle-preserving interlaminar decompression for the lumbar spine: a minimally invasive new procedure for lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:E276\u2013E280, 200910.1097\/BRS.0b013e318195d943"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Arch Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2010.193","article-title":"Introduction to propensity scores: A case study on the comparative effectiveness of laparoscopic vs open appendectomy","volume":"145","author":"Hemmila MR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hemmila MR, Birkmeyer NJ, Arbabi S, Osborne NH, Wahl WL, Dimick JB: Introduction to propensity scores: A case study on the comparative effectiveness of laparoscopic vs open appendectomy. Arch Surg 145:939\u2013945, 201010.1001\/archsurg.2010.19320956761"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Eur Spine J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4643-9","article-title":"Does surgical technique influence clinical outcome after lumbar spinal stenosis decompression? A comparative effectiveness study from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery","volume":"26","author":"Hermansen E","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hermansen E, Romild UK, Austevoll IM, Solberg T, Storheim K, Brox JI, : Does surgical technique influence clinical outcome after lumbar spinal stenosis decompression? A comparative effectiveness study from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. Eur Spine J 26:420\u2013427, 201710.1007\/s00586-016-4643-927262561"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-867061","article-title":"[The Quality of Life Questionnaire EQ-5D: modelling and norm values for the general population","volume":"56","author":"Hinz A","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hinz A, Klaiberg A, Br\u00e4hler E, K\u00f6nig HH: [The Quality of Life Questionnaire EQ-5D: modelling and norm values for the general population.] Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 56:42\u201348, 2006 (Ger)1645324110.1055\/s-2005-867061"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Polit Anal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpl013","article-title":"Matching as nonparametric preprocessing for reducing model dependence in parametric causal inference","volume":"15","author":"Ho DE","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ho DE, Imai K, King G, Stuart EA: Matching as nonparametric preprocessing for reducing model dependence in parametric causal inference. Polit Anal 15:199\u2013236, 200710.1093\/pan\/mpl013"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198802000-00018","article-title":"Postdecompression lumbar instability","volume":"227","author":"Hopp E","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hopp E, Tsou PM: Postdecompression lumbar instability. Clin Orthop Relat Res 227:143\u2013151, 1988296279810.1097\/00003086-198802000-00018"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-20-08-527","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: evaluation and management","volume":"20","author":"Issack PS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Issack PS, Cunningham ME, Pumberger M, Hughes AP, Cammisa FP Jr: Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: evaluation and management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 20:527\u2013535, 201210.5435\/JAAOS-20-08-52722855855"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Clin Spine Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31827566a8","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and radiologic changes after microsurgical bilateral decompression by a unilateral approach in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis with a minimum 3-year follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Jang JW","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jang JW, Park JH, Hyun SJ, Rhim SC: Clinical outcomes and radiologic changes after microsurgical bilateral decompression by a unilateral approach in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis with a minimum 3-year follow-up. Clin Spine Surg 29:268\u2013271, 201610.1097\/BSD.0b013e31827566a8"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2010.10.043","article-title":"Reoperations after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"75","author":"Javalkar V","year":"2011","unstructured":"Javalkar V, Cardenas R, Tawfik TA, Khan IR, Bollam P, Banerjee AD, : Reoperations after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis. World Neurosurg 75:737\u2013742, 20112170494510.1016\/j.wneu.2010.10.043"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181f9f55e","article-title":"Bilateral operation of lumbar degenerative central spinal stenosis in full-endoscopic interlaminar technique with unilateral approach: prospective 2-year results of 74 patients","volume":"24","author":"Komp M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Komp M, Hahn P, Merk H, Godolias G, Ruetten S: Bilateral operation of lumbar degenerative central spinal stenosis in full-endoscopic interlaminar technique with unilateral approach: prospective 2-year results of 74 patients. J Spinal Disord Tech 24:281\u2013287, 201110.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181f9f55e20975592"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.195","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic laminotomy with flavectomy by uniportal, unilateral approach for the lumbar canal or lateral recess stenosis","volume":"113","author":"Lee CW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee CW, Yoon KJ, Jun JH: Percutaneous endoscopic laminotomy with flavectomy by uniportal, unilateral approach for the lumbar canal or lateral recess stenosis. World Neurosurg 113:e129\u2013e137, 201810.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.195"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp038162","article-title":"Spinal-fusion surgery\u2014advances and concerns","volume":"350","author":"Lipson SJ","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lipson SJ: Spinal-fusion surgery\u2014advances and concerns. N Engl J Med 350:643\u2013644, 20041496073910.1056\/NEJMp038162"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000254104.55716.46","article-title":"Reoperation rates following lumbar spine surgery and the influence of spinal fusion procedures","volume":"32","author":"Martin BI","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martin BI, Mirza SK, Comstock BA, Gray DT, Kreuter W, Deyo RA: Reoperation rates following lumbar spine surgery and the influence of spinal fusion procedures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32:382\u2013387, 200710.1097\/01.brs.0000254104.55716.46"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Stat Methods Med Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280212445945","article-title":"A comparison of two methods of estimating propensity scores after multiple imputation","volume":"25","author":"Mitra R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mitra R, Reiter JP: A comparison of two methods of estimating propensity scores after multiple imputation. Stat Methods Med Res 25:188\u2013204, 20162268787710.1177\/0962280212445945"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.4.SPINE13420","article-title":"Outcomes after decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: comparison between minimally invasive unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression and open laminectomy: clinical article","volume":"21","author":"Mobbs RJ","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mobbs RJ, Li J, Sivabalan P, Raley D, Rao PJ: Outcomes after decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: comparison between minimally invasive unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression and open laminectomy: clinical article. J Neurosurg Spine 21:179\u2013186, 201410.3171\/2014.4.SPINE1342024878273"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e623","article-title":"Unilateral laminotomy with bilateral spinal canal decompression for lumbar stenosis: a technical note","volume":"8","author":"Moisi M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moisi M, Fisahn C, Tkachenko L, Tubbs RS, Ginat D, Grunert P, : Unilateral laminotomy with bilateral spinal canal decompression for lumbar stenosis: a technical note. Cureus 8:e623, 201627433402"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173080-00007","article-title":"Long-term roentgenographic and functional changes in patients who were treated with wide fenestration for central lumbar stenosis","volume":"73","author":"Nakai O","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nakai O, Ookawa A, Yamaura I: Long-term roentgenographic and functional changes in patients who were treated with wide fenestration for central lumbar stenosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 73:1184\u20131191, 199110.2106\/00004623-199173080-000071890119"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318247f1fd","article-title":"Medium-term clinical results of microsurgical lumbar flavectomy that preserves facet joints in cases of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: comparison of bilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression by a unilateral approach","volume":"26","author":"Nakanishi K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nakanishi K, Tanaka N, Fujimoto Y, Okuda T, Kamei N, Nakamae T, : Medium-term clinical results of microsurgical lumbar flavectomy that preserves facet joints in cases of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: comparison of bilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression by a unilateral approach. J Spinal Disord Tech 26:351\u2013358, 201310.1097\/BSD.0b013e318247f1fd22331069"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Br J Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/60355971","article-title":"Spondylolysis and isthmic spondylolisthesis: impact of vertebral hypoplasia on the use of the Meyerding classification","volume":"85","author":"Niggemann P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niggemann P, Kuchta J, Grosskurth D, Beyer HK, Hoeffer J, Delank KS: Spondylolysis and isthmic spondylolisthesis: impact of vertebral hypoplasia on the use of the Meyerding classification. Br J Radiol 85:358\u2013362, 201210.1259\/bjr\/6035597121750127"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000245616.32226.58","article-title":"Long-term results of microsurgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis by unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression","volume":"59","author":"Oertel MF","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oertel MF, Ryang YM, Korinth MC, Gilsbach JM, Rohde V: Long-term results of microsurgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis by unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression. Neurosurgery 59:1264\u20131270, 20061727768910.1227\/01.NEU.0000245616.32226.58"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys","volume":"Vol 81","author":"Rubin DB","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rubin DB: Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2004, Vol 81"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI.2008.8.08122","article-title":"Microsurgical bilateral decompression via a unilateral approach for lumbar spinal canal stenosis including degenerative spondylolisthesis","volume":"9","author":"Sasai K","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sasai K, Umeda M, Maruyama T, Wakabayashi E, Iida H: Microsurgical bilateral decompression via a unilateral approach for lumbar spinal canal stenosis including degenerative spondylolisthesis. J Neurosurg Spine 9:554\u2013559, 200810.3171\/SPI.2008.8.08122"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200210000-00012","article-title":"Outcome after chronic sciatica as the only reason for lumbar microdiscectomy","volume":"15","author":"Schoeggl A","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schoeggl A, Maier H, Saringer W, Reddy M, Matula C: Outcome after chronic sciatica as the only reason for lumbar microdiscectomy. J Spinal Disord Tech 15:415\u2013419, 200210.1097\/00024720-200210000-0001212394667"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Stat Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1214\/09-STS313","article-title":"Matching methods for causal inference: a review and a look forward","volume":"25","author":"Stuart EA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stuart EA: Matching methods for causal inference: a review and a look forward. Stat Sci 25:1\u201321, 201010.1214\/09-STS313"},{"issue":"21","key":"b36","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199604010-00004","article-title":"Measurement properties of a self-administered outcome measure in lumbar spinal stenosis","author":"Stucki G","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stucki G, Daltroy L, Liang MH, Lipson SJ, Fossel AH, Katz JN: Measurement properties of a self-administered outcome measure in lumbar spinal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 21:796\u2013803, 199610.1097\/00007632-199604010-00004"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"J Clin Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(95)00054-2","article-title":"Relative responsiveness of condition-specific and generic health status measures in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"48","author":"Stucki G","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stucki G, Liang MH, Fossel AH, Katz JN: Relative responsiveness of condition-specific and generic health status measures in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. J Clin Epidemiol 48:1369\u20131378, 1995749060010.1016\/0895-4356(95)00054-2"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.3.2.0129","article-title":"Outcome after less-invasive decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized comparison of unilateral laminotomy, bilateral laminotomy, and laminectomy","volume":"3","author":"Thom\u00e9 C","year":"2005","unstructured":"Thom\u00e9 C, Zevgaridis D, Leheta O, B\u00e4zner H, P\u00f6ckler-Sch\u00f6niger C, W\u00f6hrle J, : Outcome after less-invasive decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized comparison of unilateral laminotomy, bilateral laminotomy, and laminectomy. J Neurosurg Spine 3:129\u2013141, 20051637030210.3171\/spi.2005.3.2.0129"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000217615.20018.6c","article-title":"Methodological approaches to developing criteria for improvement in lumbar spinal stenosis surgery","volume":"31","author":"Tuli SK","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tuli SK, Yerby SA, Katz JN: Methodological approaches to developing criteria for improvement in lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31:1276\u20131280, 200610.1097\/01.brs.0000217615.20018.6c"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.03.196","article-title":"Does preoperative degenerative spondylolisthesis influence outcome in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis? Three-year results of a Swiss prospective multicenter cohort study","volume":"114","author":"Ulrich NH","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ulrich NH, Gravestock I, Held U, Schawkat K, Pichierri G, Wertli MM, : Does preoperative degenerative spondylolisthesis influence outcome in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis? Three-year results of a Swiss prospective multicenter cohort study. World Neurosurg 114:e1275\u2013e1283, 20182962668610.1016\/j.wneu.2018.03.196"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"J Stat Softw","first-page":"1","article-title":"mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R","volume":"45","author":"van Buuren S","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Buuren S, Groothuis-Oudshoorn K: mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R. J Stat Softw 45:1\u201367, 2011"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199911010-00016","article-title":"Microdecompression for lumbar spinal canal stenosis","volume":"24","author":"Weiner BK","year":"1999","unstructured":"Weiner BK, Walker M, Brower RS, McCulloch JA: Microdecompression for lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 24:2268\u20132272, 199910.1097\/00007632-199911010-00016"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198811000-00014","article-title":"Relief of lumbar canal stenosis using multilevel subarticular fenestrations as an alternative to wide laminectomy: preliminary report","volume":"23","author":"Young S","year":"1988","unstructured":"Young S, Veerapen R, O\u2019Laoire SA: Relief of lumbar canal stenosis using multilevel subarticular fenestrations as an alternative to wide laminectomy: preliminary report. Neurosurgery 23:628\u2013633, 1988320039310.1227\/00006123-198811000-00014"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000166618.42749.d1","article-title":"A multicenter, prospective, randomized trial evaluating the X STOP interspinous process decompression system for the treatment of neurogenic intermittent claudication: two-year follow-up results","volume":"30","author":"Zucherman JF","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zucherman JF, Hsu KY, Hartjen CA, Mehalic TF, Implicito DA, Martin MJ, : A multicenter, prospective, randomized trial evaluating the X STOP interspinous process decompression system for the treatment of neurogenic intermittent claudication: two-year follow-up results. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:1351\u20131358, 200510.1097\/01.brs.0000166618.42749.d1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/31\/2\/article-p236.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/31\/2\/article-p236.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/31\/2\/article-p236.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T22:42:15Z","timestamp":1681598535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/31\/2\/article-p236.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.2.spine181309","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-5654"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-5654","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}}}