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The authors hypothesized that vertebral augmentation procedures offer a QOL benefit, but that this benefit would be diminished in patients with a history of depression and\/or in patients undergoing vertebral augmentation at more than 1 level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariable linear regression was used to identify predictors of postoperative pain assessed using the Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ), Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and EQ-5D scores. Eleven candidate predictors were selected a priori: age, sex, smoking history, coronary artery disease, depression, diabetes, procedure location (thoracic, lumbar), BMI, prior spine surgery, procedure indication (metastases, osteoporosis\/osteopenia, other), and number of levels (1, 2, 3, or more).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 143 patients were included in the study. For each 10-year increase in age, postoperative PDQ scores decreased (improved) by 9.7 points (p &lt; 0.001). Patients with osteoporosis\/osteopenia had significantly higher (worse) postoperative PDQ scores (+17.97, p = 0.028) than patients with metastatic lesions. Male sex was associated with higher (worse) postoperative PHQ-9 scores (+2.48, p = 0.010). Compared to single-level augmentation, operations at 2 levels were associated with significantly higher PHQ-9 scores (+2.58, p = 0.017). Current smokers had significantly lower PHQ-9 scores (\u22121.98, p = 0.023) than never smokers. No predictors were associated with significantly different EQ-5D score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Variables associated with worse postoperative PDQ scores included younger age and osteoporosis\/osteopenia. Variables associated with decreased (better) postoperative PHQ-9 scores included female sex, single operative vertebral level, and positive smoking status (i.e., current smoker). These clinically relevant predictors may permit identification of patients who may benefit from vertebral augmentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.3.spine18419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T22:24:08Z","timestamp":1558736648000},"page":"389-396","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Predictors of favorable quality of life outcome following kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jaes C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dattanand M.","family":"Sudarshana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward C.","family":"Benzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spine Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Mroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Spine Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000101422.36419.D8","article-title":"Effect of nicotine on spinal disc cells: a cellular mechanism for disc degeneration","volume":"29","author":"Akmal M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Akmal M, Kesani A, Anand B, Singh A, Wiseman M, Goodship A: Effect of nicotine on spinal disc cells: a cellular mechanism for disc degeneration. 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