{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:33:45Z","timestamp":1790620425416,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a result of complex interactions between biochemical and mechanical forces and can lead to significant morbidity if they rupture and cause subarachnoid hemorrhage. This review explores the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the pathogenesis and progression of IAs. In addition to providing a review of the normal function of MMPs, it is intended to explore the interaction between inflammation and abnormal blood flow and the resultant pathological vascular remodeling processes seen in the development and rupture of IAs. Also reviewed is the potential for the use of MMPs as a diagnostic tool for assessment of aneurysm development and progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.4.focus19214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T19:10:19Z","timestamp":1562353819000},"page":"E4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Role of matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Ares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Taussky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew F.","family":"Ducruet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Grandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5872","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.11.5872","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is an interstitial collagenase. Inhibitor-free enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of collagen fibrils and soluble native type I collagen generating the specific 3\/4- and 1\/4-length fragments","volume":"270","author":"Aimes RT","year":"1995","unstructured":"Aimes RT, Quigley JP: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is an interstitial collagenase. Inhibitor-free enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of collagen fibrils and soluble native type I collagen generating the specific 3\/4- and 1\/4-length fragments. J Biol Chem 270:5872\u20135876, 1995789071710.1074\/jbc.270.11.5872"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2018.1427213","article-title":"Association of functional MMP-2 gene variant with intracranial aneurysms: case-control genetic association study and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Alg VS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alg VS, Ke X, Grieve J, Bonner S, Walsh DC, Bulters D, : Association of functional MMP-2 gene variant with intracranial aneurysms: case-control genetic association study and meta-analysis. Br J Neurosurg 32:255\u2013259, 201810.1080\/02688697.2018.142721329334797"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.109","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 induces phenotypic modulation in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells: implications for cerebral aneurysm pathology","volume":"33","author":"Ali MS","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali MS, Starke RM, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, Rosenwasser RH, : TNF-\u03b1 induces phenotypic modulation in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells: implications for cerebral aneurysm pathology. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 33:1564\u20131573, 201310.1038\/jcbfm.2013.10923860374"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Clin Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI2909","article-title":"Local overexpression of TIMP-1 prevents aortic aneurysm degeneration and rupture in a rat model","volume":"102","author":"Allaire E","year":"1998","unstructured":"Allaire E, Forough R, Clowes M, Starcher B, Clowes AW: Local overexpression of TIMP-1 prevents aortic aneurysm degeneration and rupture in a rat model. J Clin Invest 102:1413\u20131420, 199810.1172\/JCI2909"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.532556","article-title":"Impact of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 deficiency on cerebral aneurysm formation","volume":"40","author":"Aoki T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Ishibashi R, Nozaki K, Egashira K, Hashimoto N: Impact of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 deficiency on cerebral aneurysm formation. Stroke 40:942\u2013951, 200910.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.53255619164781"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.180760","article-title":"Reduced collagen biosynthesis is the hallmark of cerebral aneurysm: contribution of interleukin-1\u03b2 and nuclear factor-\u03baB","volume":"29","author":"Aoki T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Ishibashi R, Nozaki K, Morishita R, Hashimoto N: Reduced collagen biosynthesis is the hallmark of cerebral aneurysm: contribution of interleukin-1\u03b2 and nuclear factor-\u03baB. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 29:1080\u20131086, 200910.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.18076019359664"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000252129.18605.c8","article-title":"Macrophage-derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms in rats","volume":"38","author":"Aoki T","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Morimoto M, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Macrophage-derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms in rats. Stroke 38:162\u2013169, 200710.1161\/01.STR.0000252129.18605.c817122420"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.481838","article-title":"Role of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the progression of cerebral aneurysms","volume":"38","author":"Aoki T","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Moriwaki T, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Role of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the progression of cerebral aneurysms. Stroke 38:2337\u20132345, 200710.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.48183817569872"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci","first-page":"97","article-title":"The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms","volume":"23","author":"Austin G","year":"1993","unstructured":"Austin G, Fisher S, Dickson D, Anderson D, Richardson S: The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms. Ann Clin Lab Sci 23:97\u2013105, 19937681275"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4838(99)00279-4","article-title":"Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: evolution, structure and function","volume":"1477","author":"Brew K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brew K, Dinakarpandian D, Nagase H: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: evolution, structure and function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1477:267\u2013283, 20001070886310.1016\/S0167-4838(99)00279-4"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Thromb Haemost","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650533","article-title":"Identification of quantifiable hemodynamic factors in the assessment of cerebral aneurysm behavior. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Biorheology of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the ISTH","volume":"76","author":"Burleson AC","year":"1996","unstructured":"Burleson AC, Turitto VT: Identification of quantifiable hemodynamic factors in the assessment of cerebral aneurysm behavior. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Biorheology of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the ISTH. Thromb Haemost 76:118\u2013123, 199610.1055\/s-0038-1650533"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Protein Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2400","article-title":"Architecture and function of metallopeptidase catalytic domains","volume":"23","author":"Cerd\u00e0-Costa N","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cerd\u00e0-Costa N, Gomis-R\u00fcth FX: Architecture and function of metallopeptidase catalytic domains. Protein Sci 23:123\u2013144, 20142459696510.1002\/pro.2400"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.84","article-title":"Biology of intracranial aneurysms: role of inflammation","volume":"32","author":"Chalouhi N","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chalouhi N, Ali MS, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, Rosenwasser RH, : Biology of intracranial aneurysms: role of inflammation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 32:1659\u20131676, 201210.1038\/jcbfm.2012.84"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199911000-00024","article-title":"Inflammation and intracranial aneurysms","volume":"45","author":"Chyatte D","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chyatte D, Bruno G, Desai S, Todor DR: Inflammation and intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery 45:1137\u20131147, 19991054993010.1097\/00006123-199911000-00024"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47310-3","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases degrade insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in dermal fibroblast cultures","volume":"269","author":"Fowlkes JL","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fowlkes JL, Enghild JJ, Suzuki K, Nagase H: Matrix metalloproteinases degrade insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in dermal fibroblast cultures. J Biol Chem 269:25742\u201325746, 199410.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47310-37523391"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Transl Stroke Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-014-0340-3","article-title":"Smooth muscle cells and the formation, degeneration, and rupture of saccular intracranial aneurysm wall\u2014a review of current pathophysiological knowledge","volume":"5","author":"Fr\u00f6sen J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6sen J: Smooth muscle cells and the formation, degeneration, and rupture of saccular intracranial aneurysm wall\u2014a review of current pathophysiological knowledge. Transl Stroke Res 5:347\u2013356, 201410.1007\/s12975-014-0340-324683005"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000140636.30204.da","article-title":"Remodeling of saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall is associated with rupture: histological analysis of 24 unruptured and 42 ruptured cases","volume":"35","author":"Fr\u00f6sen J","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6sen J, Piippo A, Paetau A, Kangasniemi M, Niemel\u00e4 M, Hernesniemi J, : Remodeling of saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall is associated with rupture: histological analysis of 24 unruptured and 42 ruptured cases. Stroke 35:2287\u20132293, 200410.1161\/01.STR.0000140636.30204.da15322297"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0939-3","article-title":"Saccular intracranial aneurysm: pathology and mechanisms","volume":"123","author":"Fr\u00f6sen J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6sen J, Tulamo R, Paetau A, Laaksamo E, Korja M, Laakso A, : Saccular intracranial aneurysm: pathology and mechanisms. Acta Neuropathol 123:773\u2013786, 201210.1007\/s00401-011-0939-322249619"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Neurol Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.1999.11740948","article-title":"Metalloproteases and intracranial vascular lesions","volume":"21","author":"Gaetani P","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gaetani P, Rodriguez y Baena R, Tartara F, Messina AL, Tancioni F, Schiavo R, : Metalloproteases and intracranial vascular lesions. Neurol Res 21:385\u2013390, 19991040601110.1080\/01616412.1999.11740948"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Circ Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.75.1.181","article-title":"Cytokine-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extracellular matrix digestion","volume":"75","author":"Galis ZS","year":"1994","unstructured":"Galis ZS, Muszynski M, Sukhova GK, Simon-Morrissey E, Unemori EN, Lark MW, : Cytokine-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extracellular matrix digestion. Circ Res 75:181\u2013189, 199410.1161\/01.RES.75.1.1818013077"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.2.402","article-title":"Macrophage foam cells from experimental atheroma constitutively produce matrix-degrading proteinases","volume":"92","author":"Galis ZS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Galis ZS, Sukhova GK, Kranzh\u00f6fer R, Clark S, Libby P: Macrophage foam cells from experimental atheroma constitutively produce matrix-degrading proteinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:402\u2013406, 199510.1073\/pnas.92.2.4027831299"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"181","article-title":"Intracranial aneurysms: flow analysis of their origin and progression","volume":"13","author":"Gonzalez CF","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gonzalez CF, Cho YI, Ortega HV, Moret J: Intracranial aneurysms: flow analysis of their origin and progression. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 13:181\u2013188, 19921595440"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.48.6.1014","article-title":"Collagenolytic activity in amphibian tissues: a tissue culture assay","volume":"48","author":"Gross J","year":"1962","unstructured":"Gross J, Lapiere CM: Collagenolytic activity in amphibian tissues: a tissue culture assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 48:1014\u20131022, 19621390221910.1073\/pnas.48.6.1014"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.11.018","article-title":"Increased apoptosis and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-3 gene expression in human intracranial aneurysm","volume":"14","author":"Guo F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Guo F, Li Z, Song L, Han T, Feng Q, Guo Y, : Increased apoptosis and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-3 gene expression in human intracranial aneurysm. J Clin Neurosci 14:550\u2013555, 20071743077810.1016\/j.jocn.2005.11.018"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.655829","article-title":"Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in wall of ruptured human cerebral aneurysms: preliminary results","volume":"43","author":"Hasan D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hasan D, Hashimoto T, Kung D, Macdonald RL, Winn HR, Heistad D: Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in wall of ruptured human cerebral aneurysms: preliminary results. Stroke 43:1964\u20131967, 201210.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.65582922588264"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.619411","article-title":"Aspirin as a promising agent for decreasing incidence of cerebral aneurysm rupture","volume":"42","author":"Hasan DM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hasan DM, Mahaney KB, Brown RD Jr, Meissner I, Piepgras DG, Huston J, : Aspirin as a promising agent for decreasing incidence of cerebral aneurysm rupture. Stroke 42:3156\u20133162, 201110.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.61941121980208"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(07)61315-3","article-title":"Elevated plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms: a circulating marker of degenerative aneurysm disease","volume":"11","author":"Hovsepian DM","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hovsepian DM, Ziporin SJ, Sakurai MK, Lee JK, Curci JA, Thompson RW: Elevated plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms: a circulating marker of degenerative aneurysm disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol 11:1345\u20131352, 200010.1016\/S1051-0443(07)61315-311099248"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Pharmacology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000166183","article-title":"Aspirin inhibits MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions and activities through upregulation of PPARalpha\/gamma and TIMP gene expressions in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages derived from human monocytes","volume":"83","author":"Hua Y","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hua Y, Xue J, Sun F, Zhu L, Xie M: Aspirin inhibits MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions and activities through upregulation of PPARalpha\/gamma and TIMP gene expressions in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages derived from human monocytes. Pharmacology 83:18\u201325, 20091897160110.1159\/000166183"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200211000-00001","article-title":"The probability of sudden death from rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Huang J","year":"2002","unstructured":"Huang J, van Gelder JM: The probability of sudden death from rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a meta-analysis. Neurosurgery 51:1101\u20131107, 20021238335410.1097\/00006123-200211000-00001"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47291","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305150200","article-title":"Oscillatory shear stress stimulates endothelial production of O2- from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidases, leading to monocyte adhesion","volume":"278","author":"Hwang J","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hwang J, Saha A, Boo YC, Sorescu GP, McNally JS, Holland SM, : Oscillatory shear stress stimulates endothelial production of O2- from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidases, leading to monocyte adhesion. J Biol Chem 278:47291\u201347298, 200310.1074\/jbc.M30515020012958309"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Hum Pathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2000.7642","article-title":"Collagen and elastin degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase in aortic dissection","volume":"31","author":"Ishii T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ishii T, Asuwa N: Collagen and elastin degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase in aortic dissection. Hum Pathol 31:640\u2013646, 20001087265510.1053\/hupa.2000.7642"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS-07\/08\/0405","article-title":"Endothelial injury and inflammatory response induced by hemodynamic changes preceding intracranial aneurysm formation: experimental study in rats","volume":"107","author":"Jamous MA","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jamous MA, Nagahiro S, Kitazato KT, Tamura T, Aziz HA, Shono M, : Endothelial injury and inflammatory response induced by hemodynamic changes preceding intracranial aneurysm formation: experimental study in rats. J Neurosurg 107:405\u2013411, 20071769539710.3171\/JNS-07\/08\/0405"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000170439.89041.D6","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key modulator of inflammation in cerebral aneurysms","volume":"57","author":"Jayaraman T","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jayaraman T, Berenstein V, Li X, Mayer J, Silane M, Shin YS, : Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key modulator of inflammation in cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery 57:558\u2013564, 200510.1227\/01.NEU.0000170439.89041.D6"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b34","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.02.060","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expression in human cerebral ruptured and unruptured aneurysm","volume":"68","author":"Jin D","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jin D, Sheng J, Yang X, Gao B: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expression in human cerebral ruptured and unruptured aneurysm. Surg Neurol 68 (Suppl 2):S11\u2013S16, 200710.1016\/j.surneu.2007.02.06017714769"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.2.485","article-title":"Factors affecting formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"32","author":"Juvela S","year":"2001","unstructured":"Juvela S, Poussa K, Porras M: Factors affecting formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms: a long-term follow-up study. Stroke 32:485\u2013491, 20011115718710.1161\/01.STR.32.2.485"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.590976","article-title":"Critical roles of macrophages in the formation of intracranial aneurysm","volume":"42","author":"Kanematsu Y","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kanematsu Y, Kanematsu M, Kurihara C, Tada Y, Tsou TL, van Rooijen N, : Critical roles of macrophages in the formation of intracranial aneurysm. Stroke 42:173\u2013178, 20112110695910.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.590976"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1396","article-title":"Structural fragility and inflammatory response of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. A comparative study between ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms","volume":"30","author":"Kataoka K","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kataoka K, Taneda M, Asai T, Kinoshita A, Ito M, Kuroda R: Structural fragility and inflammatory response of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. A comparative study between ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Stroke 30:1396\u20131401, 19991039031310.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1396"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1208","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (92-kd gelatinase\/type IV collagenase equals gelatinase B) can degrade arterial elastin","volume":"145","author":"Katsuda S","year":"1994","unstructured":"Katsuda S, Okada Y, Okada Y, Imai K, Nakanishi I: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (92-kd gelatinase\/type IV collagenase equals gelatinase B) can degrade arterial elastin. Am J Pathol 145:1208\u20131218, 19947977651"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"642","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cerebral aneurysms","volume":"41","author":"Kim SC","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kim SC, Singh M, Huang J, Prestigiacomo CJ, Winfree CJ, Solomon RA, : Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery 41:642\u2013647, 19979310982"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Interv Neuroradiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019916659262","article-title":"Neurovascular manifestations of connective-tissue diseases: a review","volume":"22","author":"Kim ST","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim ST, Brinjikji W, Lanzino G, Kallmes DF: Neurovascular manifestations of connective-tissue diseases: a review. Interv Neuroradiol 22:624\u2013637, 201610.1177\/159101991665926227511817"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.1.181","article-title":"Apoptosis of medial smooth muscle cells in the development of saccular cerebral aneurysms in rats","volume":"29","author":"Kondo S","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kondo S, Hashimoto N, Kikuchi H, Hazama F, Nagata I, Kataoka H: Apoptosis of medial smooth muscle cells in the development of saccular cerebral aneurysms in rats. Stroke 29:181\u2013189, 199810.1161\/01.STR.29.1.1819445349"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199407000-00012","article-title":"Immunocytochemical studies of atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral berry aneurysms","volume":"53","author":"Kosierkiewicz TA","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kosierkiewicz TA, Factor SM, Dickson DW: Immunocytochemical studies of atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral berry aneurysms. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 53:399\u2013406, 199410.1097\/00005072-199407000-000128021714"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182770e8c","article-title":"Oxidative stress is associated with cell death, wall degradation, and increased risk of rupture of the intracranial aneurysm wall","volume":"72","author":"Laaksamo E","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laaksamo E, Tulamo R, Liiman A, Baumann M, Friedlander RM, Hernesniemi J, : Oxidative stress is associated with cell death, wall degradation, and increased risk of rupture of the intracranial aneurysm wall. Neurosurgery 72:109\u2013117, 201310.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182770e8c23096423"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.2000.1151","article-title":"The plasma level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 may predict the natural history of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. A preliminary study","volume":"20","author":"Lindholt JS","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lindholt JS, Vammen S, Fasting H, Henneberg EW, Heickendorff L: The plasma level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 may predict the natural history of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. A preliminary study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 20:281\u2013285, 20001098602710.1053\/ejvs.2000.1151"},{"key":"b45","series-title":"J Clin Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215334","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 work in concert to produce aortic aneurysms","volume":"110","author":"Longo GM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Longo GM, Xiong W, Greiner TC, Zhao Y, Fiotti N, Baxter BT: Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 work in concert to produce aortic aneurysms. J Clin Invest 110:625\u2013632, 200210.1172\/JCI021533412208863"},{"key":"b46","series-title":"Biochemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5832","DOI":"10.1021\/bi702496v","article-title":"Nitric oxide regulation of MMP-9 activation and its relationship to modifications of the cysteine switch","volume":"47","author":"McCarthy SM","year":"2008","unstructured":"McCarthy SM, Bove PF, Matthews DE, Akaike T, van der Vliet A: Nitric oxide regulation of MMP-9 activation and its relationship to modifications of the cysteine switch. Biochemistry 47:5832\u20135840, 20081845231210.1021\/bi702496v"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"J Vasc Surg","article-title":"Increased plasma levels of metalloproteinase-9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"29","author":"McMillan WD","unstructured":"McMillan WD, Pearce WH: Increased plasma levels of metalloproteinase-9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 29:122\u2013127\u2013129, 19999882796"},{"key":"b48","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3558","article-title":"High WSS or low WSS? Complex interactions of hemodynamics with intracranial aneurysm initiation, growth, and rupture: toward a unifying hypothesis","volume":"35","author":"Meng H","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meng H, Tutino VM, Xiang J, Siddiqui A: High WSS or low WSS? Complex interactions of hemodynamics with intracranial aneurysm initiation, growth, and rupture: toward a unifying hypothesis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 35:1254\u20131262, 20142359883810.3174\/ajnr.A3558"},{"key":"b49","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000204028.39783.d9","article-title":"Impaired progression of cerebral aneurysms in interleukin-1\u03b2-deficient mice","volume":"37","author":"Moriwaki T","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moriwaki T, Takagi Y, Sadamasa N, Aoki T, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Impaired progression of cerebral aneurysms in interleukin-1\u03b2-deficient mice. Stroke 37:900\u2013905, 200610.1161\/01.STR.0000204028.39783.d916439700"},{"key":"b50","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1383.025","article-title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm as a complex multifactorial disease: interactions of polymorphisms of inflammatory genes, features of autoimmunity, and current status of MMPs","volume":"1085","author":"Pearce WH","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pearce WH, Shively VP: Abdominal aortic aneurysm as a complex multifactorial disease: interactions of polymorphisms of inflammatory genes, features of autoimmunity, and current status of MMPs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1085:117\u2013132, 20061718292810.1196\/annals.1383.025"},{"key":"b51","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.12.2612","article-title":"Functional polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter as a potential risk factor for intracranial aneurysm","volume":"30","author":"Peters DG","year":"1999","unstructured":"Peters DG, Kassam A, St Jean PL, Yonas H, Ferrell RE: Functional polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter as a potential risk factor for intracranial aneurysm. Stroke 30:2612\u20132616, 19991058298610.1161\/01.STR.30.12.2612"},{"key":"b52","series-title":"Arch Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540030031010","article-title":"The clinical spectrum of unruptured intracranial aneurysms","volume":"50","author":"Raps EC","year":"1993","unstructured":"Raps EC, Rogers JD, Galetta SL, Solomon RA, Lennihan L, Klebanoff LM, : The clinical spectrum of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Arch Neurol 50:265\u2013268, 199310.1001\/archneur.1993.005400300310108442705"},{"key":"b53","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.1.251","article-title":"Prevalence and risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Rinkel GJ","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rinkel GJ, Djibuti M, Algra A, van Gijn J: Prevalence and risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review. Stroke 29:251\u2013256, 199810.1161\/01.STR.29.1.2519445359"},{"key":"b54","series-title":"Clin Biochem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.005","article-title":"Levels of MMP-9 in patients with intracranial aneurysm: relation with risk factors, size and clinical presentation","volume":"55","author":"Rojas HA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rojas HA, Fernandes KSDS, Ottone MR, Magalh\u00e3es KCSF, Albuquerque LAF, Pereira JLB, : Levels of MMP-9 in patients with intracranial aneurysm: relation with risk factors, size and clinical presentation. Clin Biochem 55:63\u201368, 201810.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.00529518381"},{"key":"b55","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01808885","article-title":"Loss and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysms. Studies with in situ DNA end labeling and antibody against single-stranded DNA","volume":"139","author":"Sakaki T","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sakaki T, Kohmura E, Kishiguchi T, Yuguchi T, Yamashita T, Hayakawa T: Loss and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysms. Studies with in situ DNA end labeling and antibody against single-stranded DNA. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 139:469\u2013475, 199710.1007\/BF01808885"},{"key":"b56","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701023360106","article-title":"Intracranial aneurysms","volume":"336","author":"Schievink WI","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schievink WI: Intracranial aneurysms. N Engl J Med 336:28\u201340, 1997897093810.1056\/NEJM199701023360106"},{"key":"b57","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.5.871","article-title":"Sudden death from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"45","author":"Schievink WI","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schievink WI, Wijdicks EF, Parisi JE, Piepgras DG, Whisnant JP: Sudden death from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 45:871\u2013874, 1995774639910.1212\/WNL.45.5.871"},{"key":"b58","series-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.05.006","article-title":"Mechanical stretch enhances the expression and activity of osteopontin and MMP-2 via the Akt1\/AP-1 pathways in VSMC","volume":"85","author":"Seo KW","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seo KW, Lee SJ, Ye BH, Kim YW, Bae SS, Kim CD: Mechanical stretch enhances the expression and activity of osteopontin and MMP-2 via the Akt1\/AP-1 pathways in VSMC. J Mol Cell Cardiol 85:13\u201324, 20152598614810.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.05.006"},{"key":"b59","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000144648.89172.0f","article-title":"Magnitude and role of wall shear stress on cerebral aneurysm: computational fluid dynamic study of 20 middle cerebral artery aneurysms","volume":"35","author":"Shojima M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shojima M, Oshima M, Takagi K, Torii R, Hayakawa M, Katada K, : Magnitude and role of wall shear stress on cerebral aneurysm: computational fluid dynamic study of 20 middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Stroke 35:2500\u20132505, 20041551420010.1161\/01.STR.0000144648.89172.0f"},{"key":"b60","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.1.364","article-title":"Multiple modes of activation of latent human fibroblast collagenase: evidence for the role of a Cys73 active-site zinc complex in latency and a \u201ccysteine switch\u201d mechanism for activation","volume":"87","author":"Springman EB","year":"1990","unstructured":"Springman EB, Angleton EL, Birkedal-Hansen H, Van Wart HE: Multiple modes of activation of latent human fibroblast collagenase: evidence for the role of a Cys73 active-site zinc complex in latency and a \u201ccysteine switch\u201d mechanism for activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:364\u2013368, 199010.1073\/pnas.87.1.364"},{"key":"b61","series-title":"Curr Neurovasc Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2174\/15672026113109990003","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture","volume":"10","author":"Starke RM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Starke RM, Chalouhi N, Ali MS, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, : The role of oxidative stress in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Curr Neurovasc Res 10:247\u2013255, 201310.2174\/1567202611310999000323713738"},{"key":"b62","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2009.04.003","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases: fold and function of their catalytic domains","volume":"1803","author":"Tallant C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tallant C, Marrero A, Gomis-R\u00fcth FX: Matrix metalloproteinases: fold and function of their catalytic domains. Biochim Biophys Acta 1803:20\u201328, 201010.1016\/j.bbamcr.2009.04.00319374923"},{"key":"b63","series-title":"Circ Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000070112.80711.3D","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry","volume":"92","author":"Visse R","year":"2003","unstructured":"Visse R, Nagase H: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry. Circ Res 92:827\u2013839, 200310.1161\/01.RES.0000070112.80711.3D12730128"},{"key":"b64","series-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2007.12.004","article-title":"Elevated plasma MMP1 and MMP9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture","volume":"35","author":"Wilson WR","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wilson WR, Anderton M, Choke EC, Dawson J, Loftus IM, Thompson MM: Elevated plasma MMP1 and MMP9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 35:580\u2013584, 200810.1016\/j.ejvs.2007.12.00418226564"},{"key":"b65","series-title":"Circulation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.551572","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and -9 are increased at the site of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture","volume":"113","author":"Wilson WR","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilson WR, Anderton M, Schwalbe EC, Jones JL, Furness PN, Bell PR, : Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and -9 are increased at the site of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Circulation 113:438\u2013445, 20061643207410.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.551572"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5872","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.11.5872","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is an interstitial collagenase. Inhibitor-free enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of collagen fibrils and soluble native type I collagen generating the specific 3\/4- and 1\/4-length fragments","volume":"270","author":"Aimes RT","year":"1995","unstructured":"Aimes RT, Quigley JP: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is an interstitial collagenase. Inhibitor-free enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of collagen fibrils and soluble native type I collagen generating the specific 3\/4- and 1\/4-length fragments. J Biol Chem 270:5872\u20135876, 1995789071710.1074\/jbc.270.11.5872"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2018.1427213","article-title":"Association of functional MMP-2 gene variant with intracranial aneurysms: case-control genetic association study and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Alg VS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alg VS, Ke X, Grieve J, Bonner S, Walsh DC, Bulters D, : Association of functional MMP-2 gene variant with intracranial aneurysms: case-control genetic association study and meta-analysis. Br J Neurosurg 32:255\u2013259, 201810.1080\/02688697.2018.142721329334797"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.109","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 induces phenotypic modulation in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells: implications for cerebral aneurysm pathology","volume":"33","author":"Ali MS","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali MS, Starke RM, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, Rosenwasser RH, : TNF-\u03b1 induces phenotypic modulation in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells: implications for cerebral aneurysm pathology. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 33:1564\u20131573, 201310.1038\/jcbfm.2013.10923860374"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Clin Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI2909","article-title":"Local overexpression of TIMP-1 prevents aortic aneurysm degeneration and rupture in a rat model","volume":"102","author":"Allaire E","year":"1998","unstructured":"Allaire E, Forough R, Clowes M, Starcher B, Clowes AW: Local overexpression of TIMP-1 prevents aortic aneurysm degeneration and rupture in a rat model. J Clin Invest 102:1413\u20131420, 199810.1172\/JCI2909"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.532556","article-title":"Impact of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 deficiency on cerebral aneurysm formation","volume":"40","author":"Aoki T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Ishibashi R, Nozaki K, Egashira K, Hashimoto N: Impact of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 deficiency on cerebral aneurysm formation. Stroke 40:942\u2013951, 200910.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.53255619164781"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.180760","article-title":"Reduced collagen biosynthesis is the hallmark of cerebral aneurysm: contribution of interleukin-1\u03b2 and nuclear factor-\u03baB","volume":"29","author":"Aoki T","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Ishibashi R, Nozaki K, Morishita R, Hashimoto N: Reduced collagen biosynthesis is the hallmark of cerebral aneurysm: contribution of interleukin-1\u03b2 and nuclear factor-\u03baB. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 29:1080\u20131086, 200910.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.18076019359664"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000252129.18605.c8","article-title":"Macrophage-derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms in rats","volume":"38","author":"Aoki T","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Morimoto M, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Macrophage-derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms in rats. Stroke 38:162\u2013169, 200710.1161\/01.STR.0000252129.18605.c817122420"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.481838","article-title":"Role of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the progression of cerebral aneurysms","volume":"38","author":"Aoki T","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Moriwaki T, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Role of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the progression of cerebral aneurysms. Stroke 38:2337\u20132345, 200710.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.48183817569872"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci","first-page":"97","article-title":"The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms","volume":"23","author":"Austin G","year":"1993","unstructured":"Austin G, Fisher S, Dickson D, Anderson D, Richardson S: The significance of the extracellular matrix in intracranial aneurysms. Ann Clin Lab Sci 23:97\u2013105, 19937681275"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4838(99)00279-4","article-title":"Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: evolution, structure and function","volume":"1477","author":"Brew K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brew K, Dinakarpandian D, Nagase H: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: evolution, structure and function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1477:267\u2013283, 20001070886310.1016\/S0167-4838(99)00279-4"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Thromb Haemost","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650533","article-title":"Identification of quantifiable hemodynamic factors in the assessment of cerebral aneurysm behavior. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Biorheology of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the ISTH","volume":"76","author":"Burleson AC","year":"1996","unstructured":"Burleson AC, Turitto VT: Identification of quantifiable hemodynamic factors in the assessment of cerebral aneurysm behavior. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Biorheology of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the ISTH. Thromb Haemost 76:118\u2013123, 199610.1055\/s-0038-1650533"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Protein Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2400","article-title":"Architecture and function of metallopeptidase catalytic domains","volume":"23","author":"Cerd\u00e0-Costa N","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cerd\u00e0-Costa N, Gomis-R\u00fcth FX: Architecture and function of metallopeptidase catalytic domains. Protein Sci 23:123\u2013144, 20142459696510.1002\/pro.2400"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.84","article-title":"Biology of intracranial aneurysms: role of inflammation","volume":"32","author":"Chalouhi N","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chalouhi N, Ali MS, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, Rosenwasser RH, : Biology of intracranial aneurysms: role of inflammation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 32:1659\u20131676, 201210.1038\/jcbfm.2012.84"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199911000-00024","article-title":"Inflammation and intracranial aneurysms","volume":"45","author":"Chyatte D","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chyatte D, Bruno G, Desai S, Todor DR: Inflammation and intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery 45:1137\u20131147, 19991054993010.1097\/00006123-199911000-00024"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47310-3","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases degrade insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in dermal fibroblast cultures","volume":"269","author":"Fowlkes JL","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fowlkes JL, Enghild JJ, Suzuki K, Nagase H: Matrix metalloproteinases degrade insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in dermal fibroblast cultures. J Biol Chem 269:25742\u201325746, 199410.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47310-37523391"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Transl Stroke Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-014-0340-3","article-title":"Smooth muscle cells and the formation, degeneration, and rupture of saccular intracranial aneurysm wall\u2014a review of current pathophysiological knowledge","volume":"5","author":"Fr\u00f6sen J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6sen J: Smooth muscle cells and the formation, degeneration, and rupture of saccular intracranial aneurysm wall\u2014a review of current pathophysiological knowledge. Transl Stroke Res 5:347\u2013356, 201410.1007\/s12975-014-0340-324683005"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000140636.30204.da","article-title":"Remodeling of saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall is associated with rupture: histological analysis of 24 unruptured and 42 ruptured cases","volume":"35","author":"Fr\u00f6sen J","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6sen J, Piippo A, Paetau A, Kangasniemi M, Niemel\u00e4 M, Hernesniemi J, : Remodeling of saccular cerebral artery aneurysm wall is associated with rupture: histological analysis of 24 unruptured and 42 ruptured cases. Stroke 35:2287\u20132293, 200410.1161\/01.STR.0000140636.30204.da15322297"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0939-3","article-title":"Saccular intracranial aneurysm: pathology and mechanisms","volume":"123","author":"Fr\u00f6sen J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6sen J, Tulamo R, Paetau A, Laaksamo E, Korja M, Laakso A, : Saccular intracranial aneurysm: pathology and mechanisms. Acta Neuropathol 123:773\u2013786, 201210.1007\/s00401-011-0939-322249619"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Neurol Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.1999.11740948","article-title":"Metalloproteases and intracranial vascular lesions","volume":"21","author":"Gaetani P","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gaetani P, Rodriguez y Baena R, Tartara F, Messina AL, Tancioni F, Schiavo R, : Metalloproteases and intracranial vascular lesions. Neurol Res 21:385\u2013390, 19991040601110.1080\/01616412.1999.11740948"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Circ Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.75.1.181","article-title":"Cytokine-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extracellular matrix digestion","volume":"75","author":"Galis ZS","year":"1994","unstructured":"Galis ZS, Muszynski M, Sukhova GK, Simon-Morrissey E, Unemori EN, Lark MW, : Cytokine-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extracellular matrix digestion. Circ Res 75:181\u2013189, 199410.1161\/01.RES.75.1.1818013077"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.2.402","article-title":"Macrophage foam cells from experimental atheroma constitutively produce matrix-degrading proteinases","volume":"92","author":"Galis ZS","year":"1995","unstructured":"Galis ZS, Sukhova GK, Kranzh\u00f6fer R, Clark S, Libby P: Macrophage foam cells from experimental atheroma constitutively produce matrix-degrading proteinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:402\u2013406, 199510.1073\/pnas.92.2.4027831299"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"181","article-title":"Intracranial aneurysms: flow analysis of their origin and progression","volume":"13","author":"Gonzalez CF","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gonzalez CF, Cho YI, Ortega HV, Moret J: Intracranial aneurysms: flow analysis of their origin and progression. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 13:181\u2013188, 19921595440"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.48.6.1014","article-title":"Collagenolytic activity in amphibian tissues: a tissue culture assay","volume":"48","author":"Gross J","year":"1962","unstructured":"Gross J, Lapiere CM: Collagenolytic activity in amphibian tissues: a tissue culture assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 48:1014\u20131022, 19621390221910.1073\/pnas.48.6.1014"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2005.11.018","article-title":"Increased apoptosis and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-3 gene expression in human intracranial aneurysm","volume":"14","author":"Guo F","year":"2007","unstructured":"Guo F, Li Z, Song L, Han T, Feng Q, Guo Y, : Increased apoptosis and cysteinyl aspartate specific protease-3 gene expression in human intracranial aneurysm. J Clin Neurosci 14:550\u2013555, 20071743077810.1016\/j.jocn.2005.11.018"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.655829","article-title":"Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in wall of ruptured human cerebral aneurysms: preliminary results","volume":"43","author":"Hasan D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hasan D, Hashimoto T, Kung D, Macdonald RL, Winn HR, Heistad D: Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) in wall of ruptured human cerebral aneurysms: preliminary results. Stroke 43:1964\u20131967, 201210.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.65582922588264"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.619411","article-title":"Aspirin as a promising agent for decreasing incidence of cerebral aneurysm rupture","volume":"42","author":"Hasan DM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hasan DM, Mahaney KB, Brown RD Jr, Meissner I, Piepgras DG, Huston J, : Aspirin as a promising agent for decreasing incidence of cerebral aneurysm rupture. Stroke 42:3156\u20133162, 201110.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.61941121980208"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(07)61315-3","article-title":"Elevated plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms: a circulating marker of degenerative aneurysm disease","volume":"11","author":"Hovsepian DM","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hovsepian DM, Ziporin SJ, Sakurai MK, Lee JK, Curci JA, Thompson RW: Elevated plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms: a circulating marker of degenerative aneurysm disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol 11:1345\u20131352, 200010.1016\/S1051-0443(07)61315-311099248"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Pharmacology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000166183","article-title":"Aspirin inhibits MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions and activities through upregulation of PPARalpha\/gamma and TIMP gene expressions in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages derived from human monocytes","volume":"83","author":"Hua Y","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hua Y, Xue J, Sun F, Zhu L, Xie M: Aspirin inhibits MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions and activities through upregulation of PPARalpha\/gamma and TIMP gene expressions in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages derived from human monocytes. Pharmacology 83:18\u201325, 20091897160110.1159\/000166183"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200211000-00001","article-title":"The probability of sudden death from rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Huang J","year":"2002","unstructured":"Huang J, van Gelder JM: The probability of sudden death from rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a meta-analysis. Neurosurgery 51:1101\u20131107, 20021238335410.1097\/00006123-200211000-00001"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"J Biol Chem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47291","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305150200","article-title":"Oscillatory shear stress stimulates endothelial production of O2- from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidases, leading to monocyte adhesion","volume":"278","author":"Hwang J","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hwang J, Saha A, Boo YC, Sorescu GP, McNally JS, Holland SM, : Oscillatory shear stress stimulates endothelial production of O2- from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidases, leading to monocyte adhesion. J Biol Chem 278:47291\u201347298, 200310.1074\/jbc.M30515020012958309"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Hum Pathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2000.7642","article-title":"Collagen and elastin degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase in aortic dissection","volume":"31","author":"Ishii T","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ishii T, Asuwa N: Collagen and elastin degradation by matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase in aortic dissection. Hum Pathol 31:640\u2013646, 20001087265510.1053\/hupa.2000.7642"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS-07\/08\/0405","article-title":"Endothelial injury and inflammatory response induced by hemodynamic changes preceding intracranial aneurysm formation: experimental study in rats","volume":"107","author":"Jamous MA","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jamous MA, Nagahiro S, Kitazato KT, Tamura T, Aziz HA, Shono M, : Endothelial injury and inflammatory response induced by hemodynamic changes preceding intracranial aneurysm formation: experimental study in rats. J Neurosurg 107:405\u2013411, 20071769539710.3171\/JNS-07\/08\/0405"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000170439.89041.D6","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key modulator of inflammation in cerebral aneurysms","volume":"57","author":"Jayaraman T","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jayaraman T, Berenstein V, Li X, Mayer J, Silane M, Shin YS, : Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key modulator of inflammation in cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery 57:558\u2013564, 200510.1227\/01.NEU.0000170439.89041.D6"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"b34","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.02.060","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expression in human cerebral ruptured and unruptured aneurysm","volume":"68","author":"Jin D","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jin D, Sheng J, Yang X, Gao B: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases expression in human cerebral ruptured and unruptured aneurysm. Surg Neurol 68 (Suppl 2):S11\u2013S16, 200710.1016\/j.surneu.2007.02.06017714769"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.2.485","article-title":"Factors affecting formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"32","author":"Juvela S","year":"2001","unstructured":"Juvela S, Poussa K, Porras M: Factors affecting formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms: a long-term follow-up study. Stroke 32:485\u2013491, 20011115718710.1161\/01.STR.32.2.485"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.590976","article-title":"Critical roles of macrophages in the formation of intracranial aneurysm","volume":"42","author":"Kanematsu Y","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kanematsu Y, Kanematsu M, Kurihara C, Tada Y, Tsou TL, van Rooijen N, : Critical roles of macrophages in the formation of intracranial aneurysm. Stroke 42:173\u2013178, 20112110695910.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.590976"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1396","article-title":"Structural fragility and inflammatory response of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. A comparative study between ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms","volume":"30","author":"Kataoka K","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kataoka K, Taneda M, Asai T, Kinoshita A, Ito M, Kuroda R: Structural fragility and inflammatory response of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. A comparative study between ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Stroke 30:1396\u20131401, 19991039031310.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1396"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1208","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (92-kd gelatinase\/type IV collagenase equals gelatinase B) can degrade arterial elastin","volume":"145","author":"Katsuda S","year":"1994","unstructured":"Katsuda S, Okada Y, Okada Y, Imai K, Nakanishi I: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (92-kd gelatinase\/type IV collagenase equals gelatinase B) can degrade arterial elastin. Am J Pathol 145:1208\u20131218, 19947977651"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"642","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cerebral aneurysms","volume":"41","author":"Kim SC","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kim SC, Singh M, Huang J, Prestigiacomo CJ, Winfree CJ, Solomon RA, : Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery 41:642\u2013647, 19979310982"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Interv Neuroradiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019916659262","article-title":"Neurovascular manifestations of connective-tissue diseases: a review","volume":"22","author":"Kim ST","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim ST, Brinjikji W, Lanzino G, Kallmes DF: Neurovascular manifestations of connective-tissue diseases: a review. Interv Neuroradiol 22:624\u2013637, 201610.1177\/159101991665926227511817"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.1.181","article-title":"Apoptosis of medial smooth muscle cells in the development of saccular cerebral aneurysms in rats","volume":"29","author":"Kondo S","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kondo S, Hashimoto N, Kikuchi H, Hazama F, Nagata I, Kataoka H: Apoptosis of medial smooth muscle cells in the development of saccular cerebral aneurysms in rats. Stroke 29:181\u2013189, 199810.1161\/01.STR.29.1.1819445349"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199407000-00012","article-title":"Immunocytochemical studies of atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral berry aneurysms","volume":"53","author":"Kosierkiewicz TA","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kosierkiewicz TA, Factor SM, Dickson DW: Immunocytochemical studies of atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral berry aneurysms. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 53:399\u2013406, 199410.1097\/00005072-199407000-000128021714"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182770e8c","article-title":"Oxidative stress is associated with cell death, wall degradation, and increased risk of rupture of the intracranial aneurysm wall","volume":"72","author":"Laaksamo E","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laaksamo E, Tulamo R, Liiman A, Baumann M, Friedlander RM, Hernesniemi J, : Oxidative stress is associated with cell death, wall degradation, and increased risk of rupture of the intracranial aneurysm wall. Neurosurgery 72:109\u2013117, 201310.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182770e8c23096423"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.2000.1151","article-title":"The plasma level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 may predict the natural history of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. A preliminary study","volume":"20","author":"Lindholt JS","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lindholt JS, Vammen S, Fasting H, Henneberg EW, Heickendorff L: The plasma level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 may predict the natural history of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. A preliminary study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 20:281\u2013285, 20001098602710.1053\/ejvs.2000.1151"},{"key":"b45","series-title":"J Clin Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215334","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 work in concert to produce aortic aneurysms","volume":"110","author":"Longo GM","year":"2002","unstructured":"Longo GM, Xiong W, Greiner TC, Zhao Y, Fiotti N, Baxter BT: Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 work in concert to produce aortic aneurysms. J Clin Invest 110:625\u2013632, 200210.1172\/JCI021533412208863"},{"key":"b46","series-title":"Biochemistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5832","DOI":"10.1021\/bi702496v","article-title":"Nitric oxide regulation of MMP-9 activation and its relationship to modifications of the cysteine switch","volume":"47","author":"McCarthy SM","year":"2008","unstructured":"McCarthy SM, Bove PF, Matthews DE, Akaike T, van der Vliet A: Nitric oxide regulation of MMP-9 activation and its relationship to modifications of the cysteine switch. Biochemistry 47:5832\u20135840, 20081845231210.1021\/bi702496v"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"J Vasc Surg","article-title":"Increased plasma levels of metalloproteinase-9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"29","author":"McMillan WD","unstructured":"McMillan WD, Pearce WH: Increased plasma levels of metalloproteinase-9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 29:122\u2013127\u2013129, 19999882796"},{"key":"b48","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3558","article-title":"High WSS or low WSS? Complex interactions of hemodynamics with intracranial aneurysm initiation, growth, and rupture: toward a unifying hypothesis","volume":"35","author":"Meng H","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meng H, Tutino VM, Xiang J, Siddiqui A: High WSS or low WSS? Complex interactions of hemodynamics with intracranial aneurysm initiation, growth, and rupture: toward a unifying hypothesis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 35:1254\u20131262, 20142359883810.3174\/ajnr.A3558"},{"key":"b49","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000204028.39783.d9","article-title":"Impaired progression of cerebral aneurysms in interleukin-1\u03b2-deficient mice","volume":"37","author":"Moriwaki T","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moriwaki T, Takagi Y, Sadamasa N, Aoki T, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Impaired progression of cerebral aneurysms in interleukin-1\u03b2-deficient mice. Stroke 37:900\u2013905, 200610.1161\/01.STR.0000204028.39783.d916439700"},{"key":"b50","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1383.025","article-title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm as a complex multifactorial disease: interactions of polymorphisms of inflammatory genes, features of autoimmunity, and current status of MMPs","volume":"1085","author":"Pearce WH","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pearce WH, Shively VP: Abdominal aortic aneurysm as a complex multifactorial disease: interactions of polymorphisms of inflammatory genes, features of autoimmunity, and current status of MMPs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1085:117\u2013132, 20061718292810.1196\/annals.1383.025"},{"key":"b51","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.12.2612","article-title":"Functional polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter as a potential risk factor for intracranial aneurysm","volume":"30","author":"Peters DG","year":"1999","unstructured":"Peters DG, Kassam A, St Jean PL, Yonas H, Ferrell RE: Functional polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-9 promoter as a potential risk factor for intracranial aneurysm. Stroke 30:2612\u20132616, 19991058298610.1161\/01.STR.30.12.2612"},{"key":"b52","series-title":"Arch Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540030031010","article-title":"The clinical spectrum of unruptured intracranial aneurysms","volume":"50","author":"Raps EC","year":"1993","unstructured":"Raps EC, Rogers JD, Galetta SL, Solomon RA, Lennihan L, Klebanoff LM, : The clinical spectrum of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Arch Neurol 50:265\u2013268, 199310.1001\/archneur.1993.005400300310108442705"},{"key":"b53","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.1.251","article-title":"Prevalence and risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Rinkel GJ","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rinkel GJ, Djibuti M, Algra A, van Gijn J: Prevalence and risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review. Stroke 29:251\u2013256, 199810.1161\/01.STR.29.1.2519445359"},{"key":"b54","series-title":"Clin Biochem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.005","article-title":"Levels of MMP-9 in patients with intracranial aneurysm: relation with risk factors, size and clinical presentation","volume":"55","author":"Rojas HA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rojas HA, Fernandes KSDS, Ottone MR, Magalh\u00e3es KCSF, Albuquerque LAF, Pereira JLB, : Levels of MMP-9 in patients with intracranial aneurysm: relation with risk factors, size and clinical presentation. Clin Biochem 55:63\u201368, 201810.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.00529518381"},{"key":"b55","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01808885","article-title":"Loss and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysms. Studies with in situ DNA end labeling and antibody against single-stranded DNA","volume":"139","author":"Sakaki T","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sakaki T, Kohmura E, Kishiguchi T, Yuguchi T, Yamashita T, Hayakawa T: Loss and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysms. Studies with in situ DNA end labeling and antibody against single-stranded DNA. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 139:469\u2013475, 199710.1007\/BF01808885"},{"key":"b56","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701023360106","article-title":"Intracranial aneurysms","volume":"336","author":"Schievink WI","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schievink WI: Intracranial aneurysms. N Engl J Med 336:28\u201340, 1997897093810.1056\/NEJM199701023360106"},{"key":"b57","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.5.871","article-title":"Sudden death from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"45","author":"Schievink WI","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schievink WI, Wijdicks EF, Parisi JE, Piepgras DG, Whisnant JP: Sudden death from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 45:871\u2013874, 1995774639910.1212\/WNL.45.5.871"},{"key":"b58","series-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.05.006","article-title":"Mechanical stretch enhances the expression and activity of osteopontin and MMP-2 via the Akt1\/AP-1 pathways in VSMC","volume":"85","author":"Seo KW","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seo KW, Lee SJ, Ye BH, Kim YW, Bae SS, Kim CD: Mechanical stretch enhances the expression and activity of osteopontin and MMP-2 via the Akt1\/AP-1 pathways in VSMC. J Mol Cell Cardiol 85:13\u201324, 20152598614810.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.05.006"},{"key":"b59","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000144648.89172.0f","article-title":"Magnitude and role of wall shear stress on cerebral aneurysm: computational fluid dynamic study of 20 middle cerebral artery aneurysms","volume":"35","author":"Shojima M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shojima M, Oshima M, Takagi K, Torii R, Hayakawa M, Katada K, : Magnitude and role of wall shear stress on cerebral aneurysm: computational fluid dynamic study of 20 middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Stroke 35:2500\u20132505, 20041551420010.1161\/01.STR.0000144648.89172.0f"},{"key":"b60","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.1.364","article-title":"Multiple modes of activation of latent human fibroblast collagenase: evidence for the role of a Cys73 active-site zinc complex in latency and a \u201ccysteine switch\u201d mechanism for activation","volume":"87","author":"Springman EB","year":"1990","unstructured":"Springman EB, Angleton EL, Birkedal-Hansen H, Van Wart HE: Multiple modes of activation of latent human fibroblast collagenase: evidence for the role of a Cys73 active-site zinc complex in latency and a \u201ccysteine switch\u201d mechanism for activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:364\u2013368, 199010.1073\/pnas.87.1.364"},{"key":"b61","series-title":"Curr Neurovasc Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2174\/15672026113109990003","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture","volume":"10","author":"Starke RM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Starke RM, Chalouhi N, Ali MS, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI, Gonzalez LF, : The role of oxidative stress in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. Curr Neurovasc Res 10:247\u2013255, 201310.2174\/1567202611310999000323713738"},{"key":"b62","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2009.04.003","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases: fold and function of their catalytic domains","volume":"1803","author":"Tallant C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tallant C, Marrero A, Gomis-R\u00fcth FX: Matrix metalloproteinases: fold and function of their catalytic domains. Biochim Biophys Acta 1803:20\u201328, 201010.1016\/j.bbamcr.2009.04.00319374923"},{"key":"b63","series-title":"Circ Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000070112.80711.3D","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry","volume":"92","author":"Visse R","year":"2003","unstructured":"Visse R, Nagase H: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry. Circ Res 92:827\u2013839, 200310.1161\/01.RES.0000070112.80711.3D12730128"},{"key":"b64","series-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2007.12.004","article-title":"Elevated plasma MMP1 and MMP9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture","volume":"35","author":"Wilson WR","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wilson WR, Anderton M, Choke EC, Dawson J, Loftus IM, Thompson MM: Elevated plasma MMP1 and MMP9 are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 35:580\u2013584, 200810.1016\/j.ejvs.2007.12.00418226564"},{"key":"b65","series-title":"Circulation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.551572","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and -9 are increased at the site of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture","volume":"113","author":"Wilson WR","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilson WR, Anderton M, Schwalbe EC, Jones JL, Furness PN, Bell PR, : Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and -9 are increased at the site of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture. Circulation 113:438\u2013445, 20061643207410.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.551572"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/47\/1\/article-pE4.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/47\/1\/article-pE4.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/47\/1\/article-pE4.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T08:34:53Z","timestamp":1779525293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/47\/1\/article-pE4.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":130,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.4.focus19214","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}}}