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In the present study the authors examined the time course of changes in the vascular morphology to clarify the mechanisms leading to rupture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hemodynamic changes, hypertension, and ovariectomy. Morphological changes in rupture-prone intracranial arteries were examined under a scanning electron microscope and the association with vascular degradation molecules was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 2\u20136 weeks after aneurysm induction, morphological changes and rupture were mainly observed at the posterior cerebral artery; at 7\u201312 weeks they were seen at the anterior Willis circle including the anterior communicating artery. No aneurysms at the anterior cerebral artery\u2013olfactory artery bifurcation ruptured, suggesting that the inception of morphological changes is site dependent. On week 6, the messenger RNA level of matrix metalloproteinase\u20139, interleukin-1\u03b2, and the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase\u20139 to the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase\u20132 was significantly higher at the posterior cerebral artery, but not at the anterior communicating artery, of rats with aneurysms than in sham-operated rats. These findings suggest that aneurysm rupture is attributable to significant morphological changes and an increase in degradation molecules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Time-dependent and site-dependent morphological changes and the level of degradation molecules may be indicative of the vulnerability of aneurysms to rupture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.6.jns19777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]],"date-time":"2019-09-14T00:11:33Z","timestamp":1568419893000},"page":"1486-1494","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Time-dependent and site-dependent morphological changes in rupture-prone arteries: ovariectomized rat intracranial aneurysm model"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiko T.","family":"Kitazato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Shikata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Izumi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Korai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Yagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiteru","family":"Tada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihito","family":"Matsuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhisa","family":"Kanematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Takagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000252129.18605.c8","article-title":"Macrophage-derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms in rats","volume":"38","author":"Aoki T","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aoki T, Kataoka H, Morimoto M, Nozaki K, Hashimoto N: Macrophage-derived matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 promote the progression of cerebral aneurysms in rats. 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