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TCD ultrasonography is also useful in the evaluation and management of occlusive cerebrovascular disease. Monitoring for microembolic signals enables stratification of stroke risk due to carotid stenosis and can also be used to clarify stroke etiology. TCD ultrasonography can identify patients with exhausted cerebrovascular reserve, and after extracranial-intracranial bypass procedures it can be used to assess adequacy of flow through the graft. Finally, assessment of cerebral autoregulation can be performed using TCD ultrasonography, providing data important to the management of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. As the clinical applications of TCD ultrasonography have expanded over time, so has their importance in the management of neurosurgical patients. Familiarity with this diagnostic tool is crucial for the modern neurological surgeon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.9.focus19611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T18:18:29Z","timestamp":1575656309000},"page":"E2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in neurological surgery and neurocritical care"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Bonow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher C.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David I.","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Levitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Radiology,"},{"name":"Mechanical Engineering, and"},{"name":"Stroke and Applied Neuroscience Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.45","article-title":"Cerebral autoregulation dynamics in humans","volume":"20","author":"Aaslid R","year":"1989","unstructured":"Aaslid R, Lindegaard KF, Sorteberg W, Nornes H: Cerebral autoregulation dynamics in humans. 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