{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:33:43Z","timestamp":1790922823123,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Numerous recent technological advances offer the potential to substantially enhance the MRI evaluation of moyamoya disease (MMD). These include high-resolution volumetric imaging, high-resolution vessel wall characterization, improved cerebral angiographic and perfusion techniques, high-field imaging, fast scanning methods, and artificial intelligence. This review discusses the current state-of-the-art MRI applications in these realms, emphasizing key imaging findings, clinical utility, and areas that will benefit from further investigation. Although these techniques may apply to imaging of a wide array of neurovascular or other neurological conditions, consideration of their application to MMD is useful given the comprehensive multidimensional MRI assessment used to evaluate MMD. These MRI techniques span from basic cross-sectional to advanced functional sequences, both qualitative and quantitative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of current key relevant literature of advanced MRI techniques for the evaluation of MMD with image-rich case examples. These imaging methods can aid clinical characterization, help direct treatment, assist in the evaluation of treatment response, and potentially improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of MMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.9.focus19616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,6]],"date-time":"2019-12-06T18:18:29Z","timestamp":1575656309000},"page":"E6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Contemporary and emerging magnetic resonance imaging methods for evaluation of moyamoya disease"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Vance T.","family":"Lehman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petrice M.","family":"Cogswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Rinaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed","family":"Brinjikji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Huston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Radiology,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Klaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lanzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.008181","article-title":"Isolated MCA disease in patients without significant atherosclerotic risk factors: a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"46","author":"Ahn SH","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahn SH, Lee J, Kim YJ, Kwon SU, Lee D, Jung SC, : Isolated MCA disease in patients without significant atherosclerotic risk factors: a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study. 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