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Developments in epigenetic targeting of transcriptional tendencies have yielded potential molecular targets for clinical trials. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy has also shown preclinical promise. Recent clinical studies, including prospective trials, have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of pediatric brainstem biopsy in the setting of DIPG and other brainstem tumors. Given developments in the ability to analyze DIPG tumor tissue to deepen biological understanding of this disease and develop new therapies for treatment, together with the increased safety of stereotactic brainstem biopsy, the authors present a case for offering biopsy to all children with suspected DIPG. They also present their standard operative techniques for image-guided, frameless stereotactic biopsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.9.focus19745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T18:29:41Z","timestamp":1578076181000},"page":"E4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Progress in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: advocating for stereotactic biopsy in the standard of care"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"John R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher C.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Vitanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah H.","family":"Feroze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel R.","family":"Browd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason S.","family":"Hauptman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1026","article-title":"Magnetic resonance scans should replace biopsies for the diagnosis of diffuse brain stem gliomas: a report from the Children\u2019s Cancer Group","volume":"33","author":"Albright AL","year":"1993","unstructured":"Albright AL, Packer RJ, Zimmerman R, Rorke LB, Boyett J, Hammond GD: Magnetic resonance scans should replace biopsies for the diagnosis of diffuse brain stem gliomas: a report from the Children\u2019s Cancer Group. 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