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The cohort was divided into three 5-year groups based on year of birth: 2003\u20132007, 2008\u20132012, and 2013\u20132017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors identified 386 individuals with craniosynostosis. Of these, 328 (85%) consented to be registered with further information. The incidence increased significantly during the study period and was 5.5 per 10,000 live births (1\/1800) in the last 5-year period. The increase was seen almost exclusively in the nonsyndromic group. Syndromic craniosynostosis accounted for 27% of the cases, and the incidence remained stable throughout the three 5-year periods. Both syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis were highly suture specific. There was a male preponderance (male\/female ratio 2:1), and males accounted for 75% of the individuals with midline synostosis. Overall, 9.5% were index individuals in families with more than one affected member; of these, 73% were nonsyndromic cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of craniosynostosis increased during the study period, and the observed incidence is among the highest reported. The authors attribute this to increasing awareness among healthcare professionals. The number of syndromic cases was high, likely due to a broader definition compared to the majority of earlier reports. The study revealed a high number of familial cases in both syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, thus highlighting the importance of genetics as an underlying cause of craniosynostosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.1.peds2051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T19:28:32Z","timestamp":1586460512000},"page":"68-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Epidemiology of craniosynostosis in Norway"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Elin","family":"T\u00f8nne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo;"},{"name":"Departments of Medical Genetics and"},{"name":"Norwegian National Unit for Craniofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernt J.","family":"Due-T\u00f8nnessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"},{"name":"Norwegian National Unit for Craniofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrikke","family":"Wiig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"},{"name":"Norwegian National Unit for Craniofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbro F.","family":"Stadheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Genetics and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torstein R.","family":"Meling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirik","family":"Helseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo;"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketil R.","family":"Heimdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Genetics and"},{"name":"Norwegian National Unit for Craniofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Hum Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2015.07.006","article-title":"A genetic-pathophysiological framework for craniosynostosis","volume":"97","author":"Twigg SR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Twigg SR, Wilkie AO. 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