{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:33:56Z","timestamp":1791383636555,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The craniocervical junction (CCJ) is anatomically complex and comprises multiple joints that allow for wide head and neck movements. The thecal sac must adjust to such movements. Accordingly, the thecal sac is not rigidly attached to the bony spinal canal but instead tethered by fibrous suspension ligaments, including myodural bridges (MDBs). The authors hypothesized that pathological spinal cord motion is due to the laxity of such suspension bands in patients with connective tissue disorders, e.g., hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The ultrastructure of MDBs that were intraoperatively harvested from patients with Chiari malformation was investigated with transmission electron microscopy, and 8 patients with EDS were compared with 8 patients without EDS. MRI was used to exclude patients with EDS and craniocervical instability (CCI). Real-time ultrasound was used to compare the spinal cord at C1\u20132 of 20 patients with EDS with those of 18 healthy control participants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The ultrastructural damage of the collagen fibrils of the MDBs was distinct in patients with EDS, indicating a pathological mechanical laxity. In patients with EDS, ultrasound revealed increased cardiac pulsatory motion and irregular displacement of the spinal cord during head movements.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Laxity of spinal cord suspension ligaments and the associated spinal cord motion disorder are possible pathogenic factors for chronic neck pain and headache in patients with EDS but without radiologically proven CCI.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.10.spine201765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T07:18:40Z","timestamp":1621581520000},"page":"18-24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Abnormal spinal cord motion at the craniocervical junction in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos patients"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Petra M.","family":"Klinge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"McElroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropathology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Brinker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziya L.","family":"Gokaslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Beland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1584230","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the craniovertebral junction ligaments: normal anatomy and traumatic injury","volume":"77","author":"Nidecker AE","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nidecker AE, Shen PY. 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