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ECoG-based BCIs are being developed to provide increased options for treatment and assistive devices for patients who have functional limitations. Decoding ECoG signals in real time provides direct feedback to the patient and can be used to control a cursor on a computer or an exoskeleton. In this review, the authors describe the current state of ECoG-based BCIs that are approaching clinical viability for restoring lost communication and motor function in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or tetraplegia. These studies provide a proof of principle and the possibility that ECoG-based BCI technology may also be useful in the future for assisting in the cortical rehabilitation of patients who have suffered a stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.4.focus20185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T08:00:20Z","timestamp":1593590420000},"page":"E2","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["The current state of electrocorticography-based brain\u2013computer interfaces"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Kai J.","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery,"},{"name":"Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Hermes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, and"},{"name":"Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan P.","family":"Staff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"b1","series-title":"Arch Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.130","article-title":"Oculomotor dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a comprehensive review","volume":"68","author":"Sharma R","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sharma R, Hicks S, Berna CM,  Oculomotor dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a comprehensive review. 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