{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:49:20Z","timestamp":1791596960429,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has gained increasing popularity for the resection of suprasellar meningiomas (SSMs). Appropriate case selection is critical in optimizing patient outcome. Long-term outcome data are lacking. The authors systematically identified preoperative factors associated with extent of resection (EOR) and determined the relationship between EOR and long-term recurrence after EEA for SSMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study, the authors identified preoperative clinical and imaging characteristics associated with EOR and built on the recently published University of California, San Francisco resectability score to propose a score more specific to the EEA. They then examined the relationship between gross-total resection (GTR; 100%), near-total resection (NTR; 95%\u201399%), and subtotal resection (STR; &lt; 95%) and recurrence or progression with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 51 patients were identified. Radiographic GTR was achieved in 40 of 47 (85%) patients in whom it was the surgical goal. Significant independent risk factors for incomplete resection were prior surgery (OR 25.94, 95% CI &lt; 2.00 to 336.49, p = 0.013); tumor lateral to the optic nerve (OR 13.41, 95% CI 1.82\u201398.99, p = 0.011); and complete internal carotid artery (ICA) encasement (OR 15.12, 95% CI 1.17\u2013194.08, p = 0.037). Tumor size and optic canal invasion were not significant risk factors after adjustment for other variables. A resectability score based on the multivariable model successfully predicted the likelihood of GTR; a score of 0 had a positive predictive value of 97% for GTR, whereas a score of 2 had a negative predictive value of 87.5% for incomplete resection. After a mean follow-up of 40.6 \u00b1 32.4 months (mean \u00b1 SD), recurrence was 2.7% after GTR (1 patient with atypical histology), 44.4% after NTR, and 80% after STR (p &lt; 0.0001). Vision was stable or improved in 93.5% and improved in 67.4% of patients with a preoperative deficit. There were 5 (9.8%) postoperative CSF leaks, of which 4 were managed with lumbar drains and 1 required a reoperation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The EEA is a safe and effective approach to SSMs, with favorable visual outcomes in well-selected cases. The combination of postoperative MRI-based EOR with direct endoscopic inspection can be used in lieu of Simpson grade to predict recurrence. GTR dramatically reduces recurrence and can be achieved regardless of tumor size, proximity or encasement of the anterior cerebral artery, or medial optic canal invasion. Risk factors for incomplete resection include prior surgery, tumor lateral to the optic nerve, and complete ICA encasement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.4.jns20475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T03:44:55Z","timestamp":1598586295000},"page":"113-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Endoscopic endonasal approach for suprasellar meningiomas: introduction of a new scoring system to predict extent of resection and assist in case selection with long-term outcome data"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Brett E.","family":"Youngerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matei A.","family":"Banu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina M.","family":"Gerges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eseosa","family":"Odigie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abtin","family":"Tabaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Kacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore H.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"},{"name":"Otolaryngology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000228683.79123.F9","article-title":"Visual outcome of tuberculum sellae meningiomas after extradural optic nerve decompression","volume":"59","author":"Mathiesen\n \nT","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mathiesen\n \nT\n\n, \n\nKihlstr\u00f6m\n \nL\n\n\n. \nVisual outcome of tuberculum sellae meningiomas after extradural optic nerve decompression\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2006\n;\n59\n(\n3\n):\n570\n\u2013\n576\n.\n1695503910.1227\/01.NEU.0000228683.79123.F9"},{"issue":"4","key":"b2","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690902968836","article-title":"Fronto-basal interhemispheric approach for tuberculum sellae meningiomas; long-term visual outcome","volume":"23","author":"Ganna\n \nA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ganna\n \nA\n\n, \n\nDehdashti\n \nAR\n\n, \n\nKarabatsou\n \nK\n\n, \n\nGentili\n \nF\n\n\n. \nFronto-basal interhemispheric approach for tuberculum sellae meningiomas; long-term visual outcome\n. \nBr J Neurosurg\n. \n2009\n;\n23\n(\n4\n):\n422\n\u2013\n430\n.\n1963701510.1080\/02688690902968836"},{"issue":"3","key":"b3","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"ons108","article-title":"Optic canal involvement in tuberculum sellae meningiomas: influence on approach, recurrence, and visual recovery","volume":"67","author":"Mahmoud\n \nM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mahmoud\n \nM\n\n, \n\nNader\n \nR\n\n, \n\nAl-Mefty\n \nO\n\n\n. \nOptic canal involvement in tuberculum sellae meningiomas: influence on approach, recurrence, and visual recovery\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2010\n;\n67\n(\n3\n)(\nSuppl Operative\n):\nons108\n\u2013\nons119\n.\n20679940"},{"issue":"6","key":"b4","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.10.FOCUS13350","article-title":"Technical nuances in the management of tuberculum sellae and diaphragma sellae meningiomas","volume":"35","author":"Nanda\n \nA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nanda\n \nA\n\n, \n\nAmbekar\n \nS\n\n, \n\nJavalkar\n \nV\n\n, \n\nSharma\n \nM\n\n\n. \nTechnical nuances in the management of tuberculum sellae and diaphragma sellae meningiomas\n. \nNeurosurg Focus\n. \n2013\n;\n35\n(\n6\n):\nE7\n.\n2428913210.3171\/2013.10.FOCUS13350"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.09.090","article-title":"Clinical outcomes with transcranial resection of the tuberculum sellae meningioma","volume":"108","author":"Karsy\n \nM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karsy\n \nM\n\n, \n\nRaheja\n \nA\n\n, \n\nEli\n \nI\n\n, \n\n\n \nClinical outcomes with transcranial resection of the tuberculum sellae meningioma\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2017\n;\n108\n:\n748\n\u2013\n755\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.09.09028951179"},{"issue":"S3","key":"b6","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"S127","article-title":"International consensus statement on endoscopic skull-base surgery: executive summary","volume":"9","author":"Wang\n \nEW","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang\n \nEW\n\n, \n\nGardner\n \nPA\n\n, \n\nZanation\n \nAM\n\n\n. \nInternational consensus statement on endoscopic skull-base surgery: executive summary\n. \nInt Forum Allergy Rhinol\n. \n2019\n;\n9\n(\nS3\n):\nS127\n\u2013\nS144\n.\n30957956"},{"issue":"4","key":"b7","series-title":"Pituitary","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-013-0508-y","article-title":"A panoramic view of the skull base: systematic review of open and endoscopic endonasal approaches to four tumors","volume":"17","author":"Graffeo\n \nCS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Graffeo\n \nCS\n\n, \n\nDietrich\n \nAR\n\n, \n\nGrobelny\n \nB\n\n, \n\n\n \nA panoramic view of the skull base: systematic review of open and endoscopic endonasal approaches to four tumors\n. \nPituitary\n. \n2014\n;\n17\n(\n4\n):\n349\n\u2013\n356\n.\n2401405510.1007\/s11102-013-0508-y"},{"issue":"9","key":"b8","series-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.ra.2015-0031","article-title":"Current status of endoscopic endonasal surgery for skull base meningiomas: review of the literature","volume":"55","author":"Shin\n \nM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shin\n \nM\n\n, \n\nKondo\n \nK\n\n, \n\nSaito\n \nN\n\n\n. \nCurrent status of endoscopic endonasal surgery for skull base meningiomas: review of the literature\n. \nNeurol Med Chir (Tokyo)\n. \n2015\n;\n55\n(\n9\n):\n735\n\u2013\n743\n.\n10.2176\/nmc.ra.2015-003126345667"},{"issue":"4","key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg Sci","first-page":"463","article-title":"Endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal excision of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Turel\n \nMK","year":"2016","unstructured":"Turel\n \nMK\n\n, \n\nTsermoulas\n \nG\n\n, \n\nReddy\n \nD\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal excision of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a systematic review\n. \nJ Neurosurg Sci\n. \n2016\n;\n60\n(\n4\n):\n463\n\u2013\n475\n.\n27280544"},{"issue":"3","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-013-0458-x","article-title":"Endoscopic surgery for tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Clark\n \nAJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clark\n \nAJ\n\n, \n\nJahangiri\n \nA\n\n, \n\nGarcia\n \nRM\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic surgery for tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis\n. \nNeurosurg Rev\n. \n2013\n;\n36\n(\n3\n):\n349\n\u2013\n359\n.\n10.1007\/s10143-013-0458-x23568697"},{"issue":"1","key":"b11","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3390-y","article-title":"The endoscopic endonasal approach is not superior to the microscopic transcranial approach for anterior skull base meningiomas\u2014a meta-analysis","volume":"160","author":"Muskens\n \nIS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muskens\n \nIS\n\n, \n\nBriceno\n \nV\n\n, \n\nOuwehand\n \nTL\n\n, \n\n\n \nThe endoscopic endonasal approach is not superior to the microscopic transcranial approach for anterior skull base meningiomas\u2014a meta-analysis\n. \nActa Neurochir (Wien)\n. \n2018\n;\n160\n(\n1\n):\n59\n\u2013\n75\n.\n10.1007\/s00701-017-3390-y29127655"},{"issue":"5","key":"b12","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.08.034","article-title":"Gasket seal closure for extended endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery: efficacy in a large case series","volume":"80","author":"Garcia-Navarro\n \nV","year":"2013","unstructured":"Garcia-Navarro\n \nV\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n, \n\nSchwartz\n \nTH\n\n\n. \nGasket seal closure for extended endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery: efficacy in a large case series\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2013\n;\n80\n(\n5\n):\n563\n\u2013\n568\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.08.034"},{"issue":"1","key":"b13","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.08.011","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness of a reconstructive protocol using the nasoseptal flap after endoscopic skull base surgery","volume":"81","author":"McCoul\n \nED","year":"2014","unstructured":"McCoul\n \nED\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n, \n\nSingh\n \nA\n\n, \n\n\n \nLong-term effectiveness of a reconstructive protocol using the nasoseptal flap after endoscopic skull base surgery\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2014\n;\n81\n(\n1\n):\n136\n\u2013\n143\n.\n2302264410.1016\/j.wneu.2012.08.011"},{"issue":"3","key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.4.JNS13124","article-title":"Case-specific protocol to reduce cerebrospinal fluid leakage after endonasal endoscopic surgery","volume":"119","author":"Patel\n \nKS","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel\n \nKS\n\n, \n\nKomotar\n \nRJ\n\n, \n\nSzentirmai\n \nO\n\n, \n\n\n \nCase-specific protocol to reduce cerebrospinal fluid leakage after endonasal endoscopic surgery\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2013\n;\n119\n(\n3\n):\n661\n\u2013\n668\n.\n2372498510.3171\/2013.4.JNS13124"},{"issue":"4","key":"b15","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.3.JNS152307","article-title":"Craniotomy for perisellar meningiomas: comparison of simple (appropriate for endoscopic approach) versus complex anatomy and surgical outcomes","volume":"126","author":"Makarenko\n \nS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Makarenko\n \nS\n\n, \n\nCarreras\n \nEM\n\n, \n\nAkagami\n \nR\n\n\n. \nCraniotomy for perisellar meningiomas: comparison of simple (appropriate for endoscopic approach) versus complex anatomy and surgical outcomes\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2017\n;\n126\n(\n4\n):\n1191\n\u2013\n1200\n.\n10.3171\/2016.3.JNS15230727285536"},{"issue":"1","key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.9.JNS16823","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal versus transcranial approach to tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale meningiomas in a similar cohort of patients","volume":"128","author":"Bander\n \nED","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bander\n \nED\n\n, \n\nSingh\n \nH\n\n, \n\nOgilvie\n \nCB\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic endonasal versus transcranial approach to tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale meningiomas in a similar cohort of patients\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2018\n;\n128\n(\n1\n):\n40\n\u2013\n48\n.\n10.3171\/2016.9.JNS16823"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.09.043","article-title":"Planum sphenoidale and tuberculum sellae meningiomas: operative nuances of a modern surgical technique with outcome and proposal of a new classification system","volume":"86","author":"Mortazavi\n \nMM","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mortazavi\n \nMM\n\n, \n\nBrito da Silva\n \nH\n\n, \n\nFerreira\n \nM\n \nJr\n\n, \n\n\n \nPlanum sphenoidale and tuberculum sellae meningiomas: operative nuances of a modern surgical technique with outcome and proposal of a new classification system\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2016\n;\n86\n:\n270\n\u2013\n286\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.09.04326409085"},{"issue":"4","key":"b18","series-title":"CNS Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2217\/cns-2016-0007","article-title":"Endoscopic transnasal surgery for planum and tuberculum sella meningiomas: decision-making, technique and outcomes","volume":"5","author":"Kshettry\n \nVR","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kshettry\n \nVR\n\n, \n\nElshazly\n \nK\n\n, \n\nEvans\n \nJJ\n\n\n. \nEndoscopic transnasal surgery for planum and tuberculum sella meningiomas: decision-making, technique and outcomes\n. \nCNS Oncol\n. \n2016\n;\n5\n(\n4\n):\n211\n\u2013\n222\n.\n10.2217\/cns-2016-000727671322"},{"issue":"6","key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.2.JNS13767","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal surgery for suprasellar meningiomas: experience with 75 patients","volume":"120","author":"Koutourousiou\n \nM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koutourousiou\n \nM\n\n, \n\nFernandez-Miranda\n \nJC\n\n, \n\nStefko\n \nST\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic endonasal surgery for suprasellar meningiomas: experience with 75 patients\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2014\n;\n120\n(\n6\n):\n1326\n\u2013\n1339\n.\n10.3171\/2014.2.JNS1376724678782"},{"issue":"4","key":"b20","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.1.FOCUS17753","article-title":"Tuberculum sellae meningiomas: grading scale to assess surgical outcomes using the transcranial versus transsphenoidal approach","volume":"44","author":"Magill\n \nST","year":"2018","unstructured":"Magill\n \nST\n\n, \n\nMorshed\n \nRA\n\n, \n\nLucas\n \nCG\n\n, \n\n\n \nTuberculum sellae meningiomas: grading scale to assess surgical outcomes using the transcranial versus transsphenoidal approach\n. \nNeurosurg Focus\n. \n2018\n;\n44\n(\n4\n):\nE9\n.\n10.3171\/2018.1.FOCUS1775329606045"},{"issue":"5","key":"b21","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx165","article-title":"Clinical outcome after endoscopic endonasal resection of tuberculum sella meningiomas","volume":"14","author":"Elshazly\n \nK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elshazly\n \nK\n\n, \n\nKshettry\n \nVR\n\n, \n\nFarrell\n \nCJ\n\n, \n\n\n \nClinical outcome after endoscopic endonasal resection of tuberculum sella meningiomas\n. \nOper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)\n. \n2018\n;\n14\n(\n5\n):\n494\n\u2013\n502\n.\n10.1093\/ons\/opx16529040698"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.05.023","article-title":"Endoscopic assisted supraorbital keyhole approach or endoscopic endonasal approach in cases of tuberculum sellae meningioma: which surgical route should be favored?","volume":"104","author":"Linsler\n \nS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Linsler\n \nS\n\n, \n\nFischer\n \nG\n\n, \n\nSkliarenko\n \nV\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic assisted supraorbital keyhole approach or endoscopic endonasal approach in cases of tuberculum sellae meningioma: which surgical route should be favored?\n \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2017\n;\n104\n:\n601\n\u2013\n611\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.05.02328512043"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"b23","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.03.032","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal resection of suprasellar meningiomas: the importance of case selection and experience in determining extent of resection, visual improvement, and complications","volume":"82","author":"Ottenhausen\n \nM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ottenhausen\n \nM\n\n, \n\nBanu\n \nMA\n\n, \n\nPlacantonakis\n \nDG\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic endonasal resection of suprasellar meningiomas: the importance of case selection and experience in determining extent of resection, visual improvement, and complications\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2014\n;\n82\n(\n3\u20134\n):\n442\n\u2013\n449\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.03.03224657254"},{"issue":"4","key":"b24","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.1.FOCUS17734","article-title":"Decision-making algorithm for minimally invasive approaches to anterior skull base meningiomas","volume":"44","author":"Ottenhausen\n \nM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ottenhausen\n \nM\n\n, \n\nRumalla\n \nK\n\n, \n\nAlalade\n \nAF\n\n, \n\n\n \nDecision-making algorithm for minimally invasive approaches to anterior skull base meningiomas\n. \nNeurosurg Focus\n. \n2018\n;\n44\n(\n4\n):\nE7\n.\n2960604010.3171\/2018.1.FOCUS17734"},{"issue":"9596","key":"b25","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"von Elm\n \nE","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm\n \nE\n\n, \n\nAltman\n \nDG\n\n, \n\nEgger\n \nM\n\n, \n\n\n \nThe Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies\n. \nLancet\n. \n2007\n;\n370\n(\n9596\n):\n1453\n\u2013\n1457\n.\n10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X18064739"},{"issue":"6","key":"b26","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.8.FOCUS13338","article-title":"Endoscopic extended transsphenoidal resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: nuances of neurosurgical technique","volume":"35","author":"Kulwin\n \nC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kulwin\n \nC\n\n, \n\nSchwartz\n \nTH\n\n, \n\nCohen-Gadol\n \nAA\n\n\n. \nEndoscopic extended transsphenoidal resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: nuances of neurosurgical technique\n. \nNeurosurg Focus\n. \n2013\n;\n35\n(\n6\n):\nE6\n.\n10.3171\/2013.8.FOCUS1333824289131"},{"issue":"5","key":"b27","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"E342","article-title":"\u201cGasket-seal\u201d watertight closure in minimal-access endoscopic cranial base surgery","volume":"62","author":"Leng\n \nLZ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leng\n \nLZ\n\n, \n\nBrown\n \nS\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n, \n\nSchwartz\n \nTH\n\n\n. \n\u201cGasket-seal\u201d watertight closure in minimal-access endoscopic cranial base surgery\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2008\n;\n62\n(\n5\n)(\nsuppl 2\n):\nE342\n\u2013\nE343\n."},{"issue":"5","key":"b28","series-title":"Laryngoscope","first-page":"876","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of high-flow cranial base defects using a bilayer button","volume":"120","author":"Luginbuhl\n \nAJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luginbuhl\n \nAJ\n\n, \n\nCampbell\n \nPG\n\n, \n\nEvans\n \nJ\n\n, \n\nRosen\n \nM\n\n\n. \nEndoscopic repair of high-flow cranial base defects using a bilayer button\n. \nLaryngoscope\n. \n2010\n;\n120\n(\n5\n):\n876\n\u2013\n880\n.\n20422679"},{"issue":"3","key":"b29","series-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.12.020","article-title":"Janus flap: bilateral nasoseptal flaps for anterior skull base reconstruction","volume":"142","author":"Nyquist\n \nGG","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nyquist\n \nGG\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n, \n\nSingh\n \nA\n\n, \n\nSchwartz\n \nTH\n\n\n. \nJanus flap: bilateral nasoseptal flaps for anterior skull base reconstruction\n. \nOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg\n. \n2010\n;\n142\n(\n3\n):\n327\n\u2013\n331\n.\n10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.12.02020172375"},{"issue":"3","key":"b30","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"161","article-title":"Safety of low-dose intrathecal fluorescein in endoscopic cranial base surgery","volume":"61","author":"Placantonakis\n \nDG","year":"2007","unstructured":"Placantonakis\n \nDG\n\n, \n\nTabaee\n \nA\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n, \n\n\n \nSafety of low-dose intrathecal fluorescein in endoscopic cranial base surgery\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2007\n;\n61\n(\n3\n)(suppl):\n161\n\u2013\n166\n.\n17876246"},{"issue":"1","key":"b31","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.3.JNS111945","article-title":"Significance of Simpson grading system in modern meningioma surgery: integration of the grade with MIB-1 labeling index as a key to predict the recurrence of WHO Grade I meningiomas","volume":"117","author":"Oya\n \nS","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oya\n \nS\n\n, \n\nKawai\n \nK\n\n, \n\nNakatomi\n \nH\n\n, \n\nSaito\n \nN\n\n\n. \nSignificance of Simpson grading system in modern meningioma surgery: integration of the grade with MIB-1 labeling index as a key to predict the recurrence of WHO Grade I meningiomas\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2012\n;\n117\n(\n1\n):\n121\n\u2013\n128\n.\n10.3171\/2012.3.JNS111945"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.09.007","article-title":"Re-evaluating Simpson grade I, II, and III resections in neurosurgical treatment of World Health Organization grade I meningiomas","volume":"96","author":"Otero-Rodriguez\n \nA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Otero-Rodriguez\n \nA\n\n, \n\nTabernero\n \nMD\n\n, \n\nMunoz-Martin\n \nMC\n\n, \n\n\n \nRe-evaluating Simpson grade I, II, and III resections in neurosurgical treatment of World Health Organization grade I meningiomas\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2016\n;\n96\n:\n483\n\u2013\n488\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.09.007"},{"issue":"5","key":"b33","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.3.JNS091971","article-title":"The relevance of Simpson Grade I and II resection in modern neurosurgical treatment of World Health Organization Grade I meningiomas","volume":"113","author":"Sughrue\n \nME","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sughrue\n \nME\n\n, \n\nKane\n \nAJ\n\n, \n\nShangari\n \nG\n\n, \n\n\n \nThe relevance of Simpson Grade I and II resection in modern neurosurgical treatment of World Health Organization Grade I meningiomas\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2010\n;\n113\n(\n5\n):\n1029\n\u2013\n1035\n.\n10.3171\/2010.3.JNS091971"},{"issue":"2","key":"b34","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS-07\/08\/0337","article-title":"Postoperative improvement in visual function in patients with tuberculum sellae meningiomas: results of the extended transsphenoidal and transcranial approaches","volume":"107","author":"Kitano\n \nM","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kitano\n \nM\n\n, \n\nTaneda\n \nM\n\n, \n\nNakao\n \nY\n\n\n. \nPostoperative improvement in visual function in patients with tuberculum sellae meningiomas: results of the extended transsphenoidal and transcranial approaches\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2007\n;\n107\n(\n2\n):\n337\n\u2013\n346\n.\n10.3171\/JNS-07\/08\/033717695388"},{"issue":"3","key":"b35","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000317303.93460.24","article-title":"Tuberculum sellae meningiomas: high route or low route? A series of 51 consecutive cases","volume":"62","author":"de Divitiis\n \nE","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Divitiis\n \nE\n\n, \n\nEsposito\n \nF\n\n, \n\nCappabianca\n \nP\n\n, \n\n\n \nTuberculum sellae meningiomas: high route or low route? A series of 51 consecutive cases\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2008\n;\n62\n(\n3\n):\n556\n\u2013\n563\n.\n10.1227\/01.neu.0000317303.93460.24"},{"issue":"5","key":"b36","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"269","article-title":"Endonasal versus supraorbital keyhole removal of craniopharyngiomas and tuberculum sellae meningiomas","volume":"64","author":"Fatemi\n \nN","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fatemi\n \nN\n\n, \n\nDusick\n \nJR\n\n, \n\nde Paiva Neto\n \nMA\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndonasal versus supraorbital keyhole removal of craniopharyngiomas and tuberculum sellae meningiomas\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2009\n;\n64\n(\n5\n)(\nsuppl 2\n):\n269\n\u2013\n286\n.\n19287324"},{"issue":"6","key":"b37","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2010.04.007","article-title":"Visual outcome after extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for tuberculum sellae meningiomas","volume":"73","author":"Wang\n \nQ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang\n \nQ\n\n, \n\nLu\n \nXJ\n\n, \n\nJi\n \nWY\n\n, \n\n\n \nVisual outcome after extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for tuberculum sellae meningiomas\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2010\n;\n73\n(\n6\n):\n694\n\u2013\n700\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2010.04.00720934159"},{"issue":"5","key":"b38","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E15","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.1.FOCUS118","article-title":"Expanded endonasal endoscopic resection of anterior fossa meningiomas: report of 13 cases and meta-analysis of the literature","volume":"30","author":"Van Gompel\n \nJJ","year":"2011","unstructured":"Van Gompel\n \nJJ\n\n, \n\nFrank\n \nG\n\n, \n\nPasquini\n \nE\n\n, \n\n\n \nExpanded endonasal endoscopic resection of anterior fossa meningiomas: report of 13 cases and meta-analysis of the literature\n. \nNeurosurg Focus\n. \n2011\n;\n30\n(\n5\n):\nE15\n.\n10.3171\/2011.1.FOCUS11821529171"},{"issue":"5","key":"b39","series-title":"ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1159\/000343794","article-title":"Endoscopic versus open resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a decision analysis","volume":"74","author":"Bohman\n \nL-E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bohman\n \nL-E\n\n, \n\nStein\n \nSC\n\n, \n\nNewman\n \nJG\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic versus open resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: a decision analysis\n. \nORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec\n. \n2012\n;\n74\n(\n5\n):\n255\n\u2013\n263\n.\n2310796810.1159\/000343794"},{"issue":"4","key":"b40","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-011-1266-0","article-title":"Extended transsphenoidal approach for tuberculum sellae meningioma\u2014what are the optimum and critical indications?","volume":"154","author":"Ogawa\n \nY","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ogawa\n \nY\n\n, \n\nTominaga\n \nT\n\n\n. \nExtended transsphenoidal approach for tuberculum sellae meningioma\u2014what are the optimum and critical indications?\n \nActa Neurochir (Wien)\n. \n2012\n;\n154\n(\n4\n):\n621\n\u2013\n626\n.\n10.1007\/s00701-011-1266-022231779"},{"issue":"5","key":"b41","series-title":"Br J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2012.673648","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal extended transsphenoidal removal of tuberculum sellae meningioma (TSM): an experience of six cases","volume":"26","author":"Chowdhury\n \nFH","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chowdhury\n \nFH\n\n, \n\nHaque\n \nMR\n\n, \n\nGoel\n \nAH\n\n, \n\nKawsar\n \nKA\n\n\n. \nEndoscopic endonasal extended transsphenoidal removal of tuberculum sellae meningioma (TSM): an experience of six cases\n. \nBr J Neurosurg\n. \n2012\n;\n26\n(\n5\n):\n692\n\u2013\n699\n.\n2248292510.3109\/02688697.2012.673648"},{"issue":"4","key":"b42","series-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1342922","article-title":"Endoscopic resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas","volume":"74","author":"Gadgil\n \nN","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gadgil\n \nN\n\n, \n\nThomas\n \nJG\n\n, \n\nTakashima\n \nM\n\n, \n\nYoshor\n \nD\n\n\n. \nEndoscopic resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas\n. \nJ Neurol Surg B Skull Base\n. \n2013\n;\n74\n(\n4\n):\n201\n\u2013\n210\n.\n10.1055\/s-0033-134292224436913"},{"issue":"6","key":"b43","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2013.10.015","article-title":"Pure endoscopic expanded endonasal approach for olfactory groove and tuberculum sellae meningiomas","volume":"21","author":"Khan\n \nOH","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan\n \nOH\n\n, \n\nKrischek\n \nB\n\n, \n\nHolliman\n \nD\n\n, \n\n\n \nPure endoscopic expanded endonasal approach for olfactory groove and tuberculum sellae meningiomas\n. \nJ Clin Neurosci\n. \n2014\n;\n21\n(\n6\n):\n927\n\u2013\n933\n.\n10.1016\/j.jocn.2013.10.01524433951"},{"issue":"1","key":"b44","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-014-0576-0","article-title":"Extended endoscopic transsphenoidal approach infrachiasmatic corridor","volume":"38","author":"Ceylan\n \nS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ceylan\n \nS\n\n, \n\nAnik\n \nI\n\n, \n\nKoc\n \nK\n\n, \n\nCabuk\n \nB\n\n\n. \nExtended endoscopic transsphenoidal approach infrachiasmatic corridor\n. \nNeurosurg Rev\n. \n2015\n;\n38\n(\n1\n):\n137\n\u2013\n147\n.\n2530144610.1007\/s10143-014-0576-0"},{"issue":"5","key":"b45","series-title":"Turk Neurosurg","first-page":"662","article-title":"Results with expanded endonasal resection of skull base meningiomas technical nuances and approach selection based on an early experience","volume":"26","author":"Hayhurst\n \nC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hayhurst\n \nC\n\n, \n\nSughrue\n \nME\n\n, \n\nGore\n \nPA\n\n, \n\n\n \nResults with expanded endonasal resection of skull base meningiomas technical nuances and approach selection based on an early experience\n. \nTurk Neurosurg\n. \n2016\n;\n26\n(\n5\n):\n662\n\u2013\n670\n."},{"key":"b46","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.07.210","article-title":"Recurrence of anterior skull base meningiomas after endoscopic endonasal resection: 10 years\u2019 experience in a series of 52 endoscopic and transcranial cases","volume":"120","author":"Bernat\n \nAL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bernat\n \nAL\n\n, \n\nPriola\n \nSM\n\n, \n\nElsawy\n \nA\n\n, \n\n\n \nRecurrence of anterior skull base meningiomas after endoscopic endonasal resection: 10 years\u2019 experience in a series of 52 endoscopic and transcranial cases\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2018\n;\n120\n:\ne107\n\u2013\ne113\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.07.210"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.09.202","article-title":"Outcomes after transcranial and endoscopic endonasal approach for tuberculum meningiomas\u2014a retrospective comparison","volume":"109","author":"Song\n \nSW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Song\n \nSW\n\n, \n\nKim\n \nYH\n\n, \n\nKim\n \nJW\n\n, \n\n\n \nOutcomes after transcranial and endoscopic endonasal approach for tuberculum meningiomas\u2014a retrospective comparison\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2018\n;\n109\n:\ne434\n\u2013\ne445\n.\n2901797610.1016\/j.wneu.2017.09.202"},{"issue":"2","key":"b48","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.10.JNS182154","article-title":"Lessons learned in the evolution of endoscopic skull base surgery","volume":"130","author":"Schwartz\n \nTH","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schwartz\n \nTH\n\n, \n\nMorgenstern\n \nPF\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n\n. \nLessons learned in the evolution of endoscopic skull base surgery\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2019\n;\n130\n(\n2\n):\n337\n\u2013\n346\n.\n10.3171\/2018.10.JNS18215430717035"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"b49","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.08.025","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal versus open transcranial resection of anterior midline skull base meningiomas","volume":"77","author":"Komotar\n \nRJ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Komotar\n \nRJ\n\n, \n\nStarke\n \nRM\n\n, \n\nRaper\n \nDMS\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic endonasal versus open transcranial resection of anterior midline skull base meningiomas\n. \nWorld Neurosurg\n. \n2012\n;\n77\n(\n5-6\n):\n713\n\u2013\n724\n.\n10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.08.02522120296"},{"issue":"1","key":"b50","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.20.1.22","article-title":"The recurrence of intracranial meningiomas after surgical treatment","volume":"20","author":"Simpson\n \nD","year":"1957","unstructured":"Simpson\n \nD\n\n\n. \nThe recurrence of intracranial meningiomas after surgical treatment\n. \nJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry\n. \n1957\n;\n20\n(\n1\n):\n22\n\u2013\n39\n.\n1340659010.1136\/jnnp.20.1.22"},{"key":"b51","series-title":"J Neurosurg. Published online February","first-page":"2020","article-title":"Early postoperative MRI and detection of residual adenoma after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery","volume":"7","author":"Alhilali\n \nLM","unstructured":"Alhilali\n \nLM\n\n, \n\nLittle\n \nAS\n\n, \n\nYuen\n \nKCJ\n\n, \n\n\n \nEarly postoperative MRI and detection of residual adenoma after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery\n. \n\nJ Neurosurg. Published online February\n \n7\n, \n2020\n. \ndoi:10.3171\/2019.11.JNS191845"},{"issue":"4","key":"b52","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E7","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal resection of skull base meningiomas: the significance of a \u201ccortical cuff\u201d and brain edema compared with careful case selection and surgical experience in predicting morbidity and extent of resection","volume":"37","author":"Khan\n \nOH","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan\n \nOH\n\n, \n\nAnand\n \nVK\n\n, \n\nSchwartz\n \nTH\n\n\n. \nEndoscopic endonasal resection of skull base meningiomas: the significance of a \u201ccortical cuff\u201d and brain edema compared with careful case selection and surgical experience in predicting morbidity and extent of resection\n. \nNeurosurg Focus\n. \n2014\n;\n37\n(\n4\n):\nE7\n.\n25465040"},{"issue":"1","key":"b53","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"58","article-title":"The importance and timing of optic canal exploration and decompression during endoscopic endonasal resection of tuberculum sella and planum sphenoidale meningiomas","volume":"71","author":"Attia\n \nM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Attia\n \nM\n\n, \n\nKandasamy\n \nJ\n\n, \n\nJakimovski\n \nD\n\n, \n\n\n \nThe importance and timing of optic canal exploration and decompression during endoscopic endonasal resection of tuberculum sella and planum sphenoidale meningiomas\n. \nNeurosurgery\n. \n2012\n;\n71\n(\n1\n)(\nSuppl Operative\n):\n58\n\u2013\n67\n.\n22517253"},{"issue":"4","key":"b54","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-016-0735-6","article-title":"Characteristic of optic canal invasion in 31 consecutive cases with tuberculum sellae meningioma","volume":"39","author":"Nimmannitya\n \nP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nimmannitya\n \nP\n\n, \n\nGoto\n \nT\n\n, \n\nTerakawa\n \nY\n\n, \n\n\n \nCharacteristic of optic canal invasion in 31 consecutive cases with tuberculum sellae meningioma\n. \nNeurosurg Rev\n. \n2016\n;\n39\n(\n4\n):\n691\n\u2013\n697\n.\n2711837710.1007\/s10143-016-0735-6"},{"issue":"6","key":"b55","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.10.JNS09406","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: analysis of complications in the authors\u2019 initial 800 patients","volume":"114","author":"Kassam\n \nAB","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kassam\n \nAB\n\n, \n\nPrevedello\n \nDM\n\n, \n\nCarrau\n \nRL\n\n, \n\n\n \nEndoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: analysis of complications in the authors\u2019 initial 800 patients\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2011\n;\n114\n(\n6\n):\n1544\n\u2013\n1568\n.\n10.3171\/2010.10.JNS0940621166570"},{"issue":"1","key":"b56","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown).","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx070","article-title":"Lumbar drains decrease the risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak following endonasal endoscopic surgery for suprasellar meningiomas in patients with high body mass index","volume":"14","author":"Cohen\n \nS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cohen\n \nS\n\n, \n\nJones\n \nSH\n\n, \n\nDhandapani\n \nS\n\n, \n\n\n \nLumbar drains decrease the risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak following endonasal endoscopic surgery for suprasellar meningiomas in patients with high body mass index\n. \nOper Neurosurg (Hagerstown).\n \n2018\n;\n14\n(\n1\n):\n66\n\u2013\n71\n.\n10.1093\/ons\/opx07029253284"},{"issue":"4","key":"b57","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.4.JNS172447","article-title":"Does lumbar drainage reduce postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery? A prospective, randomized controlled trial","volume":"131","author":"Zwagerman\n \nNT","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zwagerman\n \nNT\n\n, \n\nWang\n \nEW\n\n, \n\nShin\n \nSS\n\n, \n\n\n \nDoes lumbar drainage reduce postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery? A prospective, randomized controlled trial\n. \nJ Neurosurg\n. \n2019\n;\n131\n(\n4\n):\n1172\n\u2013\n1178\n.\n10.3171\/2018.4.JNS172447"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/135\/1\/article-p113.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/135\/1\/article-p113.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/135\/1\/article-p113.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:54:24Z","timestamp":1791593664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/135\/1\/article-p113.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2020.4.jns20475","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0693","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}}}