{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:38:40Z","timestamp":1792805920717,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of endoscope-integrated indocyanine green (E-ICG) has recently been introduced in skull base surgery. The quantitative correlation between E-ICG and T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced (T1WGd) images for skull base tumors has not been previously assessed, to the authors\u2019 knowledge. In this study, the authors investigated the indications for use and the limitations of E-ICG and sought to correlate the endoscopic fluorescence pattern with MRI contrast enhancement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following IRB approval, 20 patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery between June 2017 and August 2018 were enrolled in the study. Tumor fluorescence was measured using a blue color value and blood fluorescence as a control. Signal intensities (SIs) of tumor T1WGd images were measured and the internal carotid artery (ICA) SI was used as a control. For pituitary adenoma, the pituitary gland fluorescence was also measured. The relationships between ICG fluorescence and MRI enhancement measurements were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data showed that in pituitary adenoma there was a strong correlation between the ratios of gland\/blood fluorescence to gland\/ICA SI (n = 8; r = 0.92; p = 0.001) and tumor\/blood fluorescence to tumor\/ICA SI (n = 9; r = 0.82; p = 0.006). In other pathologies there was a strong correlation between the ratios of tumor\/blood fluorescence and tumor\/ICA SI (n = 9; r = 0.74; p = 0.022). The ICG fluorescence allowed perfusion assessment of the pituitary gland as well as of the nasoseptal flaps. Visualization of the surrounding vasculature was also feasible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Defining the indications and understanding the limitations are critical for the effective use of E-ICG. Tumor fluorescence seems to correlate with preoperative MRI contrast enhancement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.6.jns192775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T02:47:00Z","timestamp":1605235620000},"page":"923-933","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The role of indocyanine green fluorescence in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery and its imaging correlations"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Shahein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aswan University Hospitals, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Prevedello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"},{"name":"Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas L.","family":"Beaumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aswan University Hospitals, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radwan","family":"Nouby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Aswan University Hospitals, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilly","family":"Palettas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Informatics\u2014Center for Biostatistics, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano M.","family":"Prevedello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, 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