{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:31:30Z","timestamp":1790760690517,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused dramatic changes in medical education. Social distancing policies have resulted in the rapid adoption of virtual learning (VL) by neurosurgeons as a method to exchange knowledge, but it has been met with variable acceptance. The authors surveyed neurosurgeons from around the world regarding their opinions about VL and how they see the future of neurosurgical conferences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n The authors conducted a global online survey assessing the experience of neurosurgeons and trainees with VL activities. They also questioned respondents about how they see the future of on-site conferences and scientific meetings. They analyzed responses against demographic data, regions in which the respondents practice, and socioeconomic factors by using frequency histograms and multivariate logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Eight hundred ninety-one responses from 96 countries were received. There has been an increase in VL activities since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents perceive this type of learning as positive. Respondents from lower-income nations and regions such as Europe and Central Asia were more receptive to these changes and wanted to see further movement of educational activities (conferences and scientific meetings) into a VL format. The latter desire may be driven by financial savings from not traveling. Most queried neurosurgeons indicated that virtual events are likely to partially replace on-site events.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n The pandemic has improved perceptions of VL, and despite its limitations, VL has been well received by the majority of neurosurgeons. Lower-income nations in particular are embracing this technology. VL is still evolving, but its integration with traditional in-person meetings seems inevitable.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.9.focus20634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T06:54:34Z","timestamp":1606805674000},"page":"E18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: a turning point in neurosurgical education"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Nasser M. F.","family":"El-Ghandour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A. 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