{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T05:48:26Z","timestamp":1793166506253,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n Sagittal synostosis is the most common form of isolated craniosynostosis. Although some centers have reported extensive experience with this condition, most reports have focused on a single center. In 2017, the Synostosis Research Group (SynRG), a multicenter collaborative network, was formed to study craniosynostosis. Here, the authors report their early experience with treating sagittal synostosis in the network. The goals were to describe practice patterns, identify variations, and generate hypotheses for future research.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS<\/jats:title>\n All patients with a clinical diagnosis of isolated sagittal synostosis who presented to a SynRG center between March 1, 2017, and October 31, 2019, were included. Follow-up information through October 31, 2020, was included. Data extracted from the prospectively maintained SynRG registry included baseline parameters, surgical adjuncts and techniques, complications prior to discharge, and indications for reoperation. Data analysis was descriptive, using frequencies for categorical variables and means and medians for continuous variables.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Two hundred five patients had treatment for sagittal synostosis at 5 different sites. One hundred twenty-six patients were treated with strip craniectomy and 79 patients with total cranial vault remodeling. The most common strip craniectomy was wide craniectomy with parietal wedge osteotomies (44%), and the most common cranial vault remodeling procedure was total vault remodeling without forehead remodeling (63%). Preoperative mean cephalic indices (CIs) were similar between treatment groups: 0.69 for strip craniectomy and 0.68 for cranial vault remodeling. Thirteen percent of patients had other health problems. In the cranial vault cohort, 81% of patients who received tranexamic acid required a transfusion compared with 94% of patients who did not receive tranexamic acid. The rates of complication were low in all treatment groups. Five patients (2%) had an unintended reoperation. The mean change in CI was 0.09 for strip craniectomy and 0.06 for cranial vault remodeling; wide craniectomy resulted in a greater change in CI in the strip craniectomy group.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n The baseline severity of scaphocephaly was similar across procedures and sites. Treatment methods varied, but cranial vault remodeling and strip craniectomy both resulted in satisfactory postoperative CIs. Use of tranexamic acid may reduce the need for transfusion in cranial vault cases. The wide craniectomy technique for strip craniectomy seemed to be associated with change in CI. Both findings seem amenable to testing in a randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.1.focus201029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T07:46:46Z","timestamp":1617263206000},"page":"E3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Management of sagittal synostosis in the Synostosis Research Group: baseline data and early outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Cordell M.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Primary Children\u2019s Hospital, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay M.","family":"Ravindra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Primary Children\u2019s Hospital, and"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, California;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbu","family":"Gociman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faizi A.","family":"Siddiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse A.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Plastic Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard C. E.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University, Morgan Stanley Children\u2019s Hospital, New York; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamlesh B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, St. Louis Children\u2019s Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Birgfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurosurgery, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian F.","family":"Pollack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurosurgery, UPMC Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Imahiyerobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R. W.","family":"Kestle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Primary Children\u2019s Hospital, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"_","family":"_","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"b1","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-012-1834-5","article-title":"Isolated sagittal craniosynostosis: definition, classification, and surgical indications","volume":"28","author":"Massimi L","year":"2012","unstructured":"Massimi L, Caldarelli M, Tamburrini G, . Isolated sagittal craniosynostosis: definition, classification, and surgical indications. Childs Nerv Syst. 2012;28(9):1311\u20131317.10.1007\/s00381-012-1834-522872242"},{"issue":"4","key":"b2","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182a24635","article-title":"Management of sagittal synostosis: a solution to equipoise","volume":"25","author":"Doumit GD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Doumit GD, Papay FA, Moores N, Zins JE. Management of sagittal synostosis: a solution to equipoise. J Craniofac Surg. 2014;25(4):1260\u20131265.10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182a2463524469377"},{"issue":"6","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.7.PEDS18132","article-title":"Variation in the management of isolated craniosynostosis: a survey of the Synostosis Research Group","volume":"22","author":"Kestle JRW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kestle JRW, Lee A, Anderson RCE, . Variation in the management of isolated craniosynostosis: a survey of the Synostosis Research Group. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2018;22(6):627\u2013631.10.3171\/2018.7.PEDS18132"},{"issue":"1","key":"b4","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182646ab8","article-title":"Endoscope-assisted versus open repair of craniosynostosis: a comparison of perioperative cost and risk","volume":"24","author":"Chan JW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chan JW, Stewart CL, Stalder MW, . Endoscope-assisted versus open repair of craniosynostosis: a comparison of perioperative cost and risk. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24(1):170\u2013174.2334827910.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182646ab8"},{"issue":"6","key":"b5","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199905000-00004","article-title":"Sagittal craniosynostosis outcome assessment for two methods and timings of intervention","volume":"103","author":"Panchal J","year":"1999","unstructured":"Panchal J, Marsh JL, Park TS, . Sagittal craniosynostosis outcome assessment for two methods and timings of intervention. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;103(6):1574\u20131584.10.1097\/00006534-199905000-0000410323690"},{"issue":"2","key":"b6","series-title":"Louis Children\u2019s Hospital experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.5.PEDS1128","article-title":"Endoscopically assisted versus open repair of sagittal craniosynostosis: the St","volume":"8","author":"Shah MN","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shah MN, Kane AA, Petersen JD, . Endoscopically assisted versus open repair of sagittal craniosynostosis: the St. Louis Children\u2019s Hospital experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2011;8(2):165\u2013170.10.3171\/2011.5.PEDS112821806358"},{"issue":"5 Suppl Pediatrics","key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"407","article-title":"Endoscopy-assisted wide-vertex craniectomy, barrel stave osteotomies, and postoperative helmet molding therapy in the management of sagittal suture craniosynostosis","volume":"100","author":"Jimenez DF","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jimenez DF, Barone CM, McGee ME, . Endoscopy-assisted wide-vertex craniectomy, barrel stave osteotomies, and postoperative helmet molding therapy in the management of sagittal suture craniosynostosis. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(5 Suppl Pediatrics):407\u2013417.15287447"},{"issue":"6","key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.6.PEDS1623","article-title":"Endoscope-assisted management of sagittal synostosis: wide vertex suturectomy and barrel stave osteotomies versus narrow vertex suturectomy","volume":"25","author":"Dlouhy BJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dlouhy BJ, Nguyen DC, Patel KB, . Endoscope-assisted management of sagittal synostosis: wide vertex suturectomy and barrel stave osteotomies versus narrow vertex suturectomy. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;25(6):674\u2013678.2761189910.3171\/2016.6.PEDS1623"},{"issue":"2","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.6.FOCUS1198","article-title":"Endoscope-assisted strip craniectomy and postoperative helmet therapy for treatment of craniosynostosis","volume":"31","author":"Berry-Candelario J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Berry-Candelario J, Ridgway EB, Grondin RT, . Endoscope-assisted strip craniectomy and postoperative helmet therapy for treatment of craniosynostosis. Neurosurg Focus. 2011;31(2):E5.10.3171\/2011.6.FOCUS119821806344"},{"issue":"9","key":"b10","series-title":"JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Reports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.11124\/01938924-201513090-00021","article-title":"Morphological, functional and neurological outcomes of craniectomy versus cranial vault remodeling for isolated nonsyndromic synostosis of the sagittal suture: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Thwin M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thwin M, Schultz TJ, Anderson PJ. Morphological, functional and neurological outcomes of craniectomy versus cranial vault remodeling for isolated nonsyndromic synostosis of the sagittal suture: a systematic review. JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Reports. 2015;13(9):309\u2013368.10.11124\/01938924-201513090-00021"},{"issue":"4","key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx209","article-title":"Comparing outcomes and cost of 3 surgical treatments for sagittal synostosis: a retrospective study including procedure-related cost analysis","volume":"81","author":"Garber ST","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garber ST, Karsy M, Kestle JRW, . Comparing outcomes and cost of 3 surgical treatments for sagittal synostosis: a retrospective study including procedure-related cost analysis. Neurosurgery. 2017;81(4):680\u2013687.2844903210.1093\/neuros\/nyx209"},{"issue":"6","key":"b12","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002835","article-title":"Implementation of a tranexamic acid protocol to reduce blood loss during cranial vault remodeling for craniosynostosis","volume":"27","author":"Martin DT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martin DT, Gries H, Esmonde N, . Implementation of a tranexamic acid protocol to reduce blood loss during cranial vault remodeling for craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 2016;27(6):1527\u20131531.10.1097\/SCS.000000000000283527557459"},{"issue":"5","key":"b13","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003731","article-title":"Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in craniosynostosis surgery","volume":"28","author":"Kurnik NM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kurnik NM, Pflibsen LR, Bristol RE, Singh DJ. Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in craniosynostosis surgery. J Craniofac Surg. 2017;28(5):1325\u20131329.2858230310.1097\/SCS.0000000000003731"},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001271","article-title":"Evaluating the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid administration in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction","volume":"26","author":"Crantford JC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crantford JC, Wood BC, Claiborne JR, . Evaluating the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid administration in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(1):104\u2013107.10.1097\/SCS.000000000000127125534062"},{"issue":"2","key":"b15","series-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2016.10.001","article-title":"Safety of tranexamic acid in pediatric cardiac surgery: a nationwide database study","volume":"31","author":"Maeda T","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maeda T, Sasabuchi Y, Matsui H, . Safety of tranexamic acid in pediatric cardiac surgery: a nationwide database study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017;31(2):549\u2013553.2798809210.1053\/j.jvca.2016.10.001"},{"issue":"5","key":"b16","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0177011","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177011","article-title":"Intraoperative tranexamic acid is associated with postoperative stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery","volume":"12","author":"Zhou ZF","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou ZF, Zhang FJ, Huo YF, . Intraoperative tranexamic acid is associated with postoperative stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. PLoS One. 2017;12(5):e0177011.10.1371\/journal.pone.017701128552944"},{"issue":"6","key":"b17","series-title":"Anesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318184bc20","article-title":"The risks of aprotinin and tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery: a one-year follow-up of 1188 consecutive patients","volume":"107","author":"Martin K","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martin K, Wiesner G, Breuer T, . The risks of aprotinin and tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery: a one-year follow-up of 1188 consecutive patients. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(6):1783\u20131790.10.1213\/ane.0b013e318184bc2019020118"},{"issue":"4","key":"b18","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2171","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002171","article-title":"Quantification of head shape and cranioplasty outcomes: six-compartment volume method applied to sagittal synostosis","volume":"7","author":"Liaw WXZ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liaw WXZ, Parr WCH, Peltz TS, . Quantification of head shape and cranioplasty outcomes: six-compartment volume method applied to sagittal synostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2019;7(4):e2171.10.1097\/GOX.000000000000217131321176"},{"issue":"9","key":"b1","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-012-1834-5","article-title":"Isolated sagittal craniosynostosis: definition, classification, and surgical indications","volume":"28","author":"Massimi L","year":"2012","unstructured":"Massimi L, Caldarelli M, Tamburrini G, . Isolated sagittal craniosynostosis: definition, classification, and surgical indications. Childs Nerv Syst. 2012;28(9):1311\u20131317.10.1007\/s00381-012-1834-522872242"},{"issue":"4","key":"b2","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182a24635","article-title":"Management of sagittal synostosis: a solution to equipoise","volume":"25","author":"Doumit GD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Doumit GD, Papay FA, Moores N, Zins JE. Management of sagittal synostosis: a solution to equipoise. J Craniofac Surg. 2014;25(4):1260\u20131265.10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182a2463524469377"},{"issue":"6","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.7.PEDS18132","article-title":"Variation in the management of isolated craniosynostosis: a survey of the Synostosis Research Group","volume":"22","author":"Kestle JRW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kestle JRW, Lee A, Anderson RCE, . Variation in the management of isolated craniosynostosis: a survey of the Synostosis Research Group. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2018;22(6):627\u2013631.10.3171\/2018.7.PEDS18132"},{"issue":"1","key":"b4","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182646ab8","article-title":"Endoscope-assisted versus open repair of craniosynostosis: a comparison of perioperative cost and risk","volume":"24","author":"Chan JW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chan JW, Stewart CL, Stalder MW, . Endoscope-assisted versus open repair of craniosynostosis: a comparison of perioperative cost and risk. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24(1):170\u2013174.2334827910.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182646ab8"},{"issue":"6","key":"b5","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199905000-00004","article-title":"Sagittal craniosynostosis outcome assessment for two methods and timings of intervention","volume":"103","author":"Panchal J","year":"1999","unstructured":"Panchal J, Marsh JL, Park TS, . Sagittal craniosynostosis outcome assessment for two methods and timings of intervention. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;103(6):1574\u20131584.10.1097\/00006534-199905000-0000410323690"},{"issue":"2","key":"b6","series-title":"Louis Children\u2019s Hospital experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.5.PEDS1128","article-title":"Endoscopically assisted versus open repair of sagittal craniosynostosis: the St","volume":"8","author":"Shah MN","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shah MN, Kane AA, Petersen JD, . Endoscopically assisted versus open repair of sagittal craniosynostosis: the St. Louis Children\u2019s Hospital experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2011;8(2):165\u2013170.10.3171\/2011.5.PEDS112821806358"},{"issue":"5 Suppl Pediatrics","key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"407","article-title":"Endoscopy-assisted wide-vertex craniectomy, barrel stave osteotomies, and postoperative helmet molding therapy in the management of sagittal suture craniosynostosis","volume":"100","author":"Jimenez DF","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jimenez DF, Barone CM, McGee ME, . Endoscopy-assisted wide-vertex craniectomy, barrel stave osteotomies, and postoperative helmet molding therapy in the management of sagittal suture craniosynostosis. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(5 Suppl Pediatrics):407\u2013417.15287447"},{"issue":"6","key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.6.PEDS1623","article-title":"Endoscope-assisted management of sagittal synostosis: wide vertex suturectomy and barrel stave osteotomies versus narrow vertex suturectomy","volume":"25","author":"Dlouhy BJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dlouhy BJ, Nguyen DC, Patel KB, . Endoscope-assisted management of sagittal synostosis: wide vertex suturectomy and barrel stave osteotomies versus narrow vertex suturectomy. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;25(6):674\u2013678.2761189910.3171\/2016.6.PEDS1623"},{"issue":"2","key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.6.FOCUS1198","article-title":"Endoscope-assisted strip craniectomy and postoperative helmet therapy for treatment of craniosynostosis","volume":"31","author":"Berry-Candelario J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Berry-Candelario J, Ridgway EB, Grondin RT, . Endoscope-assisted strip craniectomy and postoperative helmet therapy for treatment of craniosynostosis. Neurosurg Focus. 2011;31(2):E5.10.3171\/2011.6.FOCUS119821806344"},{"issue":"9","key":"b10","series-title":"JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Reports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.11124\/01938924-201513090-00021","article-title":"Morphological, functional and neurological outcomes of craniectomy versus cranial vault remodeling for isolated nonsyndromic synostosis of the sagittal suture: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Thwin M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thwin M, Schultz TJ, Anderson PJ. Morphological, functional and neurological outcomes of craniectomy versus cranial vault remodeling for isolated nonsyndromic synostosis of the sagittal suture: a systematic review. JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Reports. 2015;13(9):309\u2013368.10.11124\/01938924-201513090-00021"},{"issue":"4","key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx209","article-title":"Comparing outcomes and cost of 3 surgical treatments for sagittal synostosis: a retrospective study including procedure-related cost analysis","volume":"81","author":"Garber ST","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garber ST, Karsy M, Kestle JRW, . Comparing outcomes and cost of 3 surgical treatments for sagittal synostosis: a retrospective study including procedure-related cost analysis. Neurosurgery. 2017;81(4):680\u2013687.2844903210.1093\/neuros\/nyx209"},{"issue":"6","key":"b12","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002835","article-title":"Implementation of a tranexamic acid protocol to reduce blood loss during cranial vault remodeling for craniosynostosis","volume":"27","author":"Martin DT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martin DT, Gries H, Esmonde N, . Implementation of a tranexamic acid protocol to reduce blood loss during cranial vault remodeling for craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 2016;27(6):1527\u20131531.10.1097\/SCS.000000000000283527557459"},{"issue":"5","key":"b13","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003731","article-title":"Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in craniosynostosis surgery","volume":"28","author":"Kurnik NM","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kurnik NM, Pflibsen LR, Bristol RE, Singh DJ. Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in craniosynostosis surgery. J Craniofac Surg. 2017;28(5):1325\u20131329.2858230310.1097\/SCS.0000000000003731"},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001271","article-title":"Evaluating the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid administration in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction","volume":"26","author":"Crantford JC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crantford JC, Wood BC, Claiborne JR, . Evaluating the safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid administration in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(1):104\u2013107.10.1097\/SCS.000000000000127125534062"},{"issue":"2","key":"b15","series-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2016.10.001","article-title":"Safety of tranexamic acid in pediatric cardiac surgery: a nationwide database study","volume":"31","author":"Maeda T","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maeda T, Sasabuchi Y, Matsui H, . Safety of tranexamic acid in pediatric cardiac surgery: a nationwide database study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017;31(2):549\u2013553.2798809210.1053\/j.jvca.2016.10.001"},{"issue":"5","key":"b16","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0177011","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177011","article-title":"Intraoperative tranexamic acid is associated with postoperative stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery","volume":"12","author":"Zhou ZF","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou ZF, Zhang FJ, Huo YF, . Intraoperative tranexamic acid is associated with postoperative stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. PLoS One. 2017;12(5):e0177011.10.1371\/journal.pone.017701128552944"},{"issue":"6","key":"b17","series-title":"Anesth Analg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318184bc20","article-title":"The risks of aprotinin and tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery: a one-year follow-up of 1188 consecutive patients","volume":"107","author":"Martin K","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martin K, Wiesner G, Breuer T, . The risks of aprotinin and tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery: a one-year follow-up of 1188 consecutive patients. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(6):1783\u20131790.10.1213\/ane.0b013e318184bc2019020118"},{"issue":"4","key":"b18","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2171","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002171","article-title":"Quantification of head shape and cranioplasty outcomes: six-compartment volume method applied to sagittal synostosis","volume":"7","author":"Liaw WXZ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liaw WXZ, Parr WCH, Peltz TS, . Quantification of head shape and cranioplasty outcomes: six-compartment volume method applied to sagittal synostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2019;7(4):e2171.10.1097\/GOX.000000000000217131321176"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/50\/4\/article-pE3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/50\/4\/article-pE3.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/50\/4\/article-pE3.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T08:20:53Z","timestamp":1779524453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/50\/4\/article-pE3.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2021.1.focus201029","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}}}