{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T02:25:47Z","timestamp":1794018347415,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cerebrospinal fluid diversion via ventricular shunting is a common surgical treatment for hydrocephalus in the pediatric population. No longitudinal follow-up data for a multistate population-based cohort of pediatric patients undergoing ventricular shunting in the United States have been published. In the current review of a nationwide population-based data set, the authors aimed to assess rates of shunt failure and hospital readmission in pediatric patients undergoing new ventricular shunt placement. They also review patient- and hospital-level factors associated with shunt failure and readmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included in this study was a population-based sample of pediatric patients with hydrocephalus who, in 2010\u20132014, had undergone new ventricular shunt placement and had sufficient follow-up, as recorded in the Nationwide Readmissions Database. The authors analyzed the rate of revision within 6 months, readmission rates at 30 and 90 days, and potential factors associated with shunt failure including patient- and hospital-level variables and type of hydrocephalus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3520 pediatric patients had undergone initial ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for hydrocephalus at an index admission. Twenty percent of these patients underwent shunt revision within 6 months. The median time to revision was 44.5 days. Eighteen percent of the patients were readmitted within 30 days and 31% were readmitted within 90 days. Different-hospital readmissions were rare, occurring in \u2264 6% of readmissions. Increased hospital volume was not protective against readmission or shunt revision. Patients with grade 3 or 4 intraventricular hemorrhage were more likely to have shunt malfunctions. Patients who had private insurance and who were treated at a large hospital were less likely to be readmitted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a nationwide, population-based database with longitudinal follow-up, shunt failure and readmission were common. Although patient and hospital factors were associated with readmission and shunt failure, system-wide phenomena such as insufficient centralization of care and fragmentation of care were not observed. Efforts to reduce readmissions in pediatric patients undergoing ventricular shunt procedures should focus on coordinating care in patients with complex neurological diseases and on reducing healthcare disparities associated with readmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.3.peds20794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T10:52:12Z","timestamp":1630320732000},"page":"553-562","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Readmissions after ventricular shunting in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus: a Nationwide Readmissions Database analysis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Donoho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian A.","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivani D.","family":"Rangwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arati","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventative Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L.","family":"Giannotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Attenello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Gordon","family":"McComb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Los Angeles; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Krieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles;"},{"name":"Departments of Neurological Surgery and"},{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Los Angeles; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"b1","series-title":"Eur J Med Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2014.06.002","article-title":"Infantile hydrocephalus: a review of epidemiology, classification and causes","volume":"57","author":"Tully HM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tully HM, Dobyns WB. Infantile hydrocephalus: a review of epidemiology, classification and causes. Eur J Med Genet. 2014;57(8):359\u2013368.10.1016\/j.ejmg.2014.06.00224932902"},{"issue":"10020","key":"b2","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60694-8","article-title":"Hydrocephalus in children","volume":"387","author":"Kahle KT","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kahle KT, Kulkarni AV, Limbrick DD Jr, Warf BC. Hydrocephalus in children. Lancet. 2016;387(10020):788\u2013799.10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60694-826256071"},{"issue":"11","key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306941","article-title":"Risk factors for congenital hydrocephalus: a nationwide, register-based, cohort study","volume":"85","author":"Munch TN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Munch TN, Rasmussen MLH, Wohlfahrt J,  Risk factors for congenital hydrocephalus: a nationwide, register-based, cohort study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85(11):1253\u20131259.10.1136\/jnnp-2013-30694124667207"},{"issue":"5)(suppl","key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"332","article-title":"Neuronal damage in hydrocephalus and its restoration by shunt insertion in experimental hydrocephalus: a study involving the neurofilament-immunostaining method","volume":"104","author":"Aoyama Y","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aoyama Y, Kinoshita Y, Yokota A, Hamada T. Neuronal damage in hydrocephalus and its restoration by shunt insertion in experimental hydrocephalus: a study involving the neurofilament-immunostaining method. J Neurosurg. 2006;104(5)(suppl):332\u2013339.16848091"},{"issue":"1","key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.1.0031","article-title":"Risk factors for repeated cerebrospinal shunt failures in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus","volume":"92","author":"Tuli S","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tuli S, Drake J, Lawless J,  Risk factors for repeated cerebrospinal shunt failures in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg. 2000;92(1):31\u201338.10.3171\/jns.2000.92.1.003110616079"},{"issue":"6","key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.7.PEDS08371","article-title":"Congenital hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunts: influence of etiology and programmable shunts on revisions","volume":"4","author":"Notarianni C","year":"2009","unstructured":"Notarianni C, Vannemreddy P, Caldito G,  Congenital hydrocephalus and ventriculoperitoneal shunts: influence of etiology and programmable shunts on revisions. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2009;4(6):547\u2013552.1995104210.3171\/2009.7.PEDS08371"},{"issue":"5","key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000325871.60129.23","article-title":"A multicenter study of factors influencing cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival in infants and children","volume":"62","author":"Shah SS","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shah SS, Hall M, Slonim AD,  A multicenter study of factors influencing cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival in infants and children. Neurosurgery. 2008;62(5):1095\u20131103.1858080710.1227\/01.neu.0000325871.60129.23"},{"issue":"5","key":"b8","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1159\/000055960","article-title":"Long-term follow-up data from the Shunt Design Trial","volume":"33","author":"Kestle J","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kestle J, Drake J, Milner R,  Long-term follow-up data from the Shunt Design Trial. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2000;33(5):230\u2013236.10.1159\/00005596011155058"},{"issue":"5","key":"b9","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1159\/000058428","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival and etiology of failures: a seven-year institutional experience","volume":"36","author":"McGirt MJ","year":"2002","unstructured":"McGirt MJ, Leveque JC, Wellons JC III,  Cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival and etiology of failures: a seven-year institutional experience. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2002;36(5):248\u2013255.1205304310.1159\/000058428"},{"issue":"3","key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000290903.07943.AF","article-title":"Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications in California: 1990 to 2000","volume":"61","author":"Wu Y","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wu Y, Green NL, Wrensch MR,  Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications in California: 1990 to 2000. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(3):557\u2013563.10.1227\/01.NEU.0000290903.07943.AF17881969"},{"issue":"4","key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.7.PEDS12637","article-title":"Outcomes of CSF shunting in children: comparison of Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network cohort with historical controls: clinical article","volume":"12","author":"Kulkarni AV","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kulkarni AV, Riva-Cambrin J, Butler J,  Outcomes of CSF shunting in children: comparison of Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network cohort with historical controls: clinical article. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2013;12(4):334\u2013338.2390961610.3171\/2013.7.PEDS12637"},{"issue":"4","key":"b12","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.188351","article-title":"Pediatric readmission prevalence and variability across hospitals","volume":"309","author":"Berry JG","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berry JG, Toomey SL, Zaslavsky AM,  Pediatric readmission prevalence and variability across hospitals. JAMA. 2013;309(4):372\u2013380.2334063910.1001\/jama.2012.188351"},{"issue":"4","key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.6.PEDS14670","article-title":"Risk factors for shunt malfunction in pediatric hydrocephalus: a multicenter prospective cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Riva-Cambrin J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Riva-Cambrin J, Kestle JRW, Holubkov R,  Risk factors for shunt malfunction in pediatric hydrocephalus: a multicenter prospective cohort study. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;17(4):382\u2013390.10.3171\/2015.6.PEDS1467026636251"},{"issue":"1","key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.1.PEDS16496","article-title":"Shunting outcomes in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus: results of a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network prospective cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Wellons JC III","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wellons JC III, Shannon CN, Holubkov R,  Shunting outcomes in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus: results of a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network prospective cohort study. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2017;20(1):19\u201329.2845265710.3171\/2017.1.PEDS16496"},{"issue":"2","key":"b15","series-title":"Clinical article. J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.3.PEDS08215","article-title":"Infection rates following initial cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement across pediatric hospitals in the United States","volume":"4","author":"Simon TD","year":"2009","unstructured":"Simon TD, Hall M, Riva-Cambrin J,  Infection rates following initial cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement across pediatric hospitals in the United States. Clinical article. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2009;4(2):156\u2013165.10.3171\/2009.3.PEDS0821519645551"},{"issue":"10","key":"b16","series-title":"JAMA Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.1129","article-title":"Same-hospital readmission rates as a measure of pediatric quality of care","volume":"169","author":"Khan A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khan A, Nakamura MM, Zaslavsky AM,  Same-hospital readmission rates as a measure of pediatric quality of care. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(10):905\u2013912.10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.1129"},{"issue":"4","key":"b17","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0123593","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123593","article-title":"Thirty-day readmission rates in orthopedics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Bernatz JT","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernatz JT, Tueting JL, Anderson PA. Thirty-day readmission rates in orthopedics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0123593.2588444410.1371\/journal.pone.0123593"},{"issue":"1","key":"b18","series-title":"J Neurooncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-017-2625-3","article-title":"Predictors of 30- and 90-day readmission following craniotomy for malignant brain tumors: analysis of nationwide data","volume":"136","author":"Donoho DA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Donoho DA, Wen T, Babadjouni RM,  Predictors of 30- and 90-day readmission following craniotomy for malignant brain tumors: analysis of nationwide data. J Neurooncol. 2018;136(1):87\u201394.10.1007\/s11060-017-2625-328988350"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"World Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.10.089","article-title":"Subarachnoid hemorrhage and readmissions: national rates, causes, risk factors, and outcomes in 16,001 hospitalized patients","volume":"110","author":"Rumalla K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rumalla K, Smith KA, Arnold PM, Mittal MK. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and readmissions: national rates, causes, risk factors, and outcomes in 16,001 hospitalized patients. World Neurosurg. 2018;110:e100\u2013e111.10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.10.08929107164"},{"key":"b20","article-title":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Accessed April 20, 2021.www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/home.jsp"},{"issue":"6","key":"b21","series-title":"J Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.09.017","article-title":"Preventability of pediatric 30-day readmissions following ventricular shunt surgery","volume":"167","author":"Tejedor-Sojo J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tejedor-Sojo J, Singleton LM, McCormick K,  Preventability of pediatric 30-day readmissions following ventricular shunt surgery. J Pediatr. 2015;167(6):1327\u20131333.e1.2645457610.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.09.017"},{"issue":"2","key":"b22","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000316012.20797.04","article-title":"A multi-institutional, 5-year analysis of initial and multiple ventricular shunt revisions in children","volume":"62","author":"Berry JG","year":"2008","unstructured":"Berry JG, Hall MA, Sharma V,  A multi-institutional, 5-year analysis of initial and multiple ventricular shunt revisions in children. Neurosurgery. 2008;62(2):445\u2013454.1838232310.1227\/01.neu.0000316012.20797.04"},{"issue":"3","key":"b23","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.5.PEDS15118","article-title":"Predicting shunt failure in children: should the global shunt revision rate be a quality measure?","volume":"17","author":"Rossi NB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rossi NB, Khan NR, Jones TL,  Predicting shunt failure in children: should the global shunt revision rate be a quality measure?. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;17(3):249\u2013259.10.3171\/2015.5.PEDS1511826544083"},{"issue":"4","key":"b24","series-title":"Pediatrics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20172934","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-2934","article-title":"Length of stay and cost of pediatric readmissions","volume":"141","author":"Markham JL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Markham JL, Hall M, Gay JC,  Length of stay and cost of pediatric readmissions. Pediatrics. 2018;141(4):e20172934.2952370610.1542\/peds.2017-2934"},{"issue":"2","key":"b25","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.5.PEDS1421","article-title":"Thirty-day outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery: data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program\u2013Pediatrics","volume":"14","author":"Piatt JH Jr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Piatt JH Jr. Thirty-day outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery: data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program\u2013Pediatrics. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2014;14(2):179\u2013183.2492697210.3171\/2014.5.PEDS1421"},{"issue":"4","key":"b26","series-title":"Letter. J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.4.PEDS16222","article-title":"Thirty-day outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery: modeling using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program\u2013Pediatrics","volume":"18","author":"Marguerie M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marguerie M, Cochrane DD. Thirty-day outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery: modeling using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program\u2013Pediatrics. Letter. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;18(4):509\u2013510.10.3171\/2016.4.PEDS1622227420189"},{"issue":"2 Suppl Pediatrics","key":"b27","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"90","article-title":"In-hospital mortality rates after ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures in the United States, 1998 to 2000: relation to hospital and surgeon volume of care","volume":"100","author":"Smith ER","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith ER, Butler WE, Barker FG. In-hospital mortality rates after ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures in the United States, 1998 to 2000: relation to hospital and surgeon volume of care. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(2 Suppl Pediatrics):90\u201397.14758935"},{"issue":"9","key":"b28","series-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care","first-page":"e500","article-title":"Association of insurance with use of emergency medical services among children","volume":"36","author":"Dayal P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dayal P, Ruttan TK, Kissee JL,  Association of insurance with use of emergency medical services among children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2020;36(9):e500\u2013e507.29189593"},{"issue":"20","key":"b29","series-title":"Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4048","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30849","article-title":"Socioeconomic factors affect the selection of proton radiation therapy for children","volume":"123","author":"Shen CJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shen CJ, Hu C, Ladra MM,  Socioeconomic factors affect the selection of proton radiation therapy for children. Cancer. 2017;123(20):4048\u20134056.2865420210.1002\/cncr.30849"},{"key":"b30","article-title":"A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006","author":"Rosenbaum P","unstructured":"Rosenbaum P, Paneth N, Leviton A,  A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl. 2007;109:8-14.17370477"},{"issue":"6","key":"b31","series-title":"Child Care Health Dev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12263","article-title":"Tertiary paediatric hospital admissions in children and young people with cerebral palsy","volume":"41","author":"Meehan E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meehan E, Freed GL, Reid SM,  Tertiary paediatric hospital admissions in children and young people with cerebral palsy. Child Care Health Dev. 2015;41(6):928\u2013937.10.1111\/cch.12263"},{"issue":"11","key":"b32","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000857","article-title":"Unplanned hospital readmissions and reoperations after pediatric spinal fusion surgery","volume":"40","author":"Jain A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jain A, Puvanesarajah V, Menga EN, Sponseller PD. Unplanned hospital readmissions and reoperations after pediatric spinal fusion surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976).2015;40(11):856\u2013862.2609115610.1097\/BRS.0000000000000857"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.196236","article-title":"An algorithmic approach to the management of unrecognized hydrocephalus in pediatric candidates for intrathecal baclofen pump implantation","volume":"7","author":"Hanak BW","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hanak BW, Tomycz L, Oxford RG,  An algorithmic approach to the management of unrecognized hydrocephalus in pediatric candidates for intrathecal baclofen pump implantation. Surg Neurol Int. 2016;7:105.10.4103\/2152-7806.196236"},{"issue":"1","key":"b34","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000144779.32401.A2","article-title":"Occult hydrocephalus in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"56","author":"Albright AL","year":"2005","unstructured":"Albright AL, Ferson S, Carlos S. Occult hydrocephalus in children with cerebral palsy. Neurosurgery. 2005;56(1):93\u201397.1561759010.1227\/01.NEU.0000144779.32401.A2"},{"issue":"4","key":"b35","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0514-3","article-title":"Severe constipation: an under-appreciated cause of VP shunt malfunction: a case-based update","volume":"24","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Lage JF","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Lage JF, Martos-Tello JM, Ros-de-San Pedro J, Almagro MJ. Severe constipation: an under-appreciated cause of VP shunt malfunction: a case-based update. Childs Nerv Syst. 2008;24(4):431\u2013435.10.1007\/s00381-007-0514-317926043"},{"issue":"6","key":"b36","series-title":"J Pediatr Health Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.04.017","article-title":"The effect of a comprehensive care transition model on cost and utilization for medically complex children with cerebral palsy","volume":"31","author":"Howard SW","year":"2017","unstructured":"Howard SW, Zhang Z, Buchanan P,  The effect of a comprehensive care transition model on cost and utilization for medically complex children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Health Care. 2017;31(6):634\u2013647.2862298310.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.04.017"},{"issue":"4","key":"b37","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx470","article-title":"Post-traumatic hydrocephalus in children: a retrospective study in 42 pediatric hospitals using the Pediatric Health Information System","volume":"83","author":"Bonow RH","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bonow RH, Oron AP, Hanak BW,  Post-traumatic hydrocephalus in children: a retrospective study in 42 pediatric hospitals using the Pediatric Health Information System. Neurosurgery. 2018;83(4):732\u2013739.2902928910.1093\/neuros\/nyx470"},{"issue":"6","key":"b38","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.128.6.971","article-title":"Subependymal germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: diagnosis by CT","volume":"128","author":"Burstein J","year":"1977","unstructured":"Burstein J, Papile L, Burstein R. Subependymal germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: diagnosis by CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1977;128(6):971\u2013976.10.2214\/ajr.128.6.971414564"},{"issue":"5","key":"b39","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199711000-00015","article-title":"Outcome for preterm infants with germinal matrix hemorrhage and progressive hydrocephalus","volume":"41","author":"Levy ML","year":"1997","unstructured":"Levy ML, Masri LS, McComb JG. Outcome for preterm infants with germinal matrix hemorrhage and progressive hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery. 1997;41(5):1111\u20131118.10.1097\/00006123-199711000-000159361065"},{"issue":"5","key":"b40","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199705000-00021","article-title":"Outcome, cost analysis, and long-term follow-up in preterm infants with massive grade IV germinal matrix hemorrhage and progressive hydrocephalus","volume":"40","author":"Pikus HJ","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pikus HJ, Levy ML, Gans W,  Outcome, cost analysis, and long-term follow-up in preterm infants with massive grade IV germinal matrix hemorrhage and progressive hydrocephalus. Neurosurgery. 1997;40(5):983\u2013989.10.1097\/00006123-199705000-000219149257"},{"issue":"3","key":"b41","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.7.PEDS15140","article-title":"Trends in hospitalization of preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus in the United States, 2000-2010","volume":"17","author":"Christian EA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Christian EA, Jin DL, Attenello F,  Trends in hospitalization of preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus in the United States, 2000-2010. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;17(3):260\u2013269.10.3171\/2015.7.PEDS1514026544084"},{"issue":"3","key":"b42","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.6.PEDS15132","article-title":"Surgical management of hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm infant","volume":"17","author":"Christian EA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Christian EA, Melamed EF, Peck E,  Surgical management of hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm infant. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2016;17(3):278\u2013284.10.3171\/2015.6.PEDS1513226565942"},{"issue":"1","key":"b43","series-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.8.PEDS11296","article-title":"Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and shunts: what are the predictors of multiple revision surgeries?","volume":"11","author":"Chittiboina P","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chittiboina P, Pasieka H, Sonig A,  Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and shunts: what are the predictors of multiple revision surgeries?. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2013;11(1):37\u201342.2310155810.3171\/2012.8.PEDS11296"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p553.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p553.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p553.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T01:57:54Z","timestamp":1794016674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/28\/5\/article-p553.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2021.3.peds20794","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}}}